城市园林的功能及兰州市园林树木品种和病虫害防疫措施研究

城市园林的功能及兰州市园林树木品种和病虫害防疫措施研究StudyonthefunctionofurbangardenandthespeciesofgardentreesandthepreventionmeasuresofdiseasesandinsectpestsinLanzhou摘要环境公害是人类共同面临的重大问题。如何有效改善城市环境质量；使城市的生态、社会和经济能够持续、稳定和和谐发展，己成为新世纪追求的目标。兰州市作为我国西部开发的重要城市，要立足在走在前列，必然要加快城市的建设步伐，增强城市的综合竞争力，在大力推进城市化的同时需要推进城市的生态化建设。本文综合地运用多方面的理论知识，走访了兰州市政府部门和相关单位，以现场访问和座谈、以及发放表格调查等形式展开调研，调查兰州市生态园林城市建设的现状。对兰州市当前不同绿地类型的城市园林植物品种、应用现状进行调查分析，调研城市园林树木品种种类、应用现状和特征，以及调研园林植物病虫害发生情况，就防治措施等方面进行深入细致的探析，并且进行综合性的分析和总结。经调查，兰州市城市园林各类绿地中应用的树种共计有木本树种161种。其中常绿乔木15种，落叶乔木75种；常绿灌木10种，落叶灌木61种；没有常绿藤本，落叶藤本13种。兰州市园林绿化木本植物指数为0.47，远远达不到城市园林绿化标准的指标要求。如何在丰富城市植物景观同时，维持本地木本植物指数，需要从加强乡土物种选育与外来物种监测2方面努力。通过评价分析，依据有关理论和兰州市现状，确定常绿树种:落叶树种的比例≈1:6；乔木:灌木≈1.3:1；乡土树种：外来树种＝1.1:1。为兰州市政府和园林部门对生态园林城市建设的规划、植物品种合理布局、促进生态资源的重要因素合理配置，可持续地保护环境和生态，促进城市生态美感增强，城市品位提升，生态系统良好和稳定，为推进实现兰州市生态园林城市的可持续发展，为经济发展提供有利的保障，提供依据和参考。关键词：生态视角；城市园林；树木品种；植保措施兰州大学硕士学位论文iiAbstractEnvironmentalpollutionisamajorproblemthathumanbeingsarefacingtogether.Howtoeffectivelyimprovethequalityofurbanenvironmentandmaketheurbanecology,societyandeconomysustainable,stableandharmoniousdevelopmenthasbecomethegoalofthenewcentury.LanzhouCity,asanimportantcityinthedevelopmentofWesternChina,shouldbeintheforefront.Itisnecessarytospeedupthepaceofurbanconstruction,enhancethecomprehensivecompetitivenessofthecity,andpromotetheurbanizationwhilepromotingtheecologicalconstructionofthecity.AkindofInthispaper,thecomprehensiveuseofvarioustheoreticalknowledge,visitedtheLanzhoumunicipalgovernmentdepartmentsandrelevantunits,intheformofon-sitevisitsandsymposiums,aswellasthedistributionofformstoinvestigatethecurrentsituationoftheconstructionofEcologicalGardenCityinLanzhou.ThispaperinvestigatesandanalyzesthevarietiesandapplicationstatusofurbanlandscapeplantsofdifferentgreenspacetypesinLanzhouCity,investigatesthevarieties,applicationstatusandcharacteristicsofurbanlandscapetrees,andinvestigatestheoccurrenceofplantdiseasesandinsectpestsoflandscapeplants,andmakesin-depthanddetailedanalysisonthepreventionandcontrolmeasures,andmakescomprehensiveanalysisandsummary.Accordingtotheinvestigation,thereare161speciesofwoodytreesusedinallkindsofurbangreenspaceinLanzhou.Amongthem,thereare15speciesofevergreentrees,75speciesofdeciduoustrees,10speciesofevergreenshrubs,61speciesofdeciduousshrubs,13speciesofdeciduouslianaswithoutevergreenlianas.ThewoodyplantindexoflandscapeinLanzhouis0.47,whichisfarfromthestandardofurbanlandscape.Howtoenrichtheurbanplantlandscapeandmaintainthelocalwoodyplantindex,weneedtostrengthenthelocalspeciesselectionandalienspeciesmonitoring.Throughtheevaluationandanalysis,accordingtotherelevanttheoriesandthecurrentsituationofLanzhouCity,theproportionofevergreenspecies:deciduousspecies≈1:6;arbor:shrub≈1.3:1;nativespecies:alienspecies=1.1:1.InordertopromotethesustainabledevelopmentofecologicalgardencityandeconomicdevelopmentofLanzhouCity,itisnecessaryforthegovernmentandGardenDepartmentofLanzhoucitytoplantheconstructionofEcologicalGardenCity,reasonablyarrangetheplantvarieties,reasonablyallocatetheimportantfactorstopromotetheecologicalresources,protecttheenvironmentandecologysustainably,enhancetheecologicalaestheticfeelingofthecity,upgradethegradeofthecity,andmaintainthegoodandstableecosystemToprovidefavorableguarantee,basisandreference.KeyWords：EcologicalCivilization;CityGarden;Treespecies;Plantprotectionmeasures目录摘要..............................................................................................................................................................iAbstract.........................................................................................................................................................ii目录............................................................................................................................................................iii第一章研究综述.........................................................................................................................................11.1研究背景........................................................................................................................................11.2研究目的和意义..........................................................................................................................31.2.1研究目的.............................................................................................................................31.2.2研究意义.............................................................................................................................31.3文献综述.......................................................................................................................................41.3.1国外研究现状......................................................................................................................41.3.2国内研究现状......................................................................................................................41.3.3..................................................................................................51.4