1.英语动词有三种语气-陈述语气-祈使语气和虚拟语气。

1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。把这个表格记下来。If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来一般过去时过去完成时would/could/should/might+V.（原）would/could/should/might+havedone.1.一般过去时2.weretodo3.should+V原would/could/should/might+V原1.IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldbuyenoughhousesforhomeless.2.IfIwereyou,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.3.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.4.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youmighthavecaughtthetrain.5.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.6.Ithinkwecoulddoit,ifweplaneditproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.7.Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest,Iwouldmarryhim.without和butfor构成虚拟.butfor(要不是)Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.二：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wish宾语从句过去虚拟：现在虚拟：将来虚拟：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/might+Vshould1.IwishIwereabird.2.IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.3.Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.2.wouldrather(that)现在：过去：将来：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.IwouldratheryouhadgonetoShanghaiyesterday..Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时3.asif/though+Clause虚拟现在过去时过去完成时Helooksasifheweredrunk.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberedthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.过去注意：不接虚拟语气的用法，表示可能或真实的情形。ItlooksasifIamgoingtobebusy.Itlooksasthoughitisgoingtorain.4.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。It’stimethatyouwent.It’stimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.(should不可省略)5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即:1.insist2.order,command3.advise,(sb.)suggest,propose4.demand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。①1.我们建议Tom去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。WesuggestedthatTom(should)havearest.HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendthemtoworkthere.②以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。即：(should)＋V.order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIt’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.③insist/suggest不接虚拟的用法（1）.Sheinsistedthatshewasright.她坚持认为自己是对的。（坚持事实）Hisuncleinsiststhatheshouldnotstayinthehotel.他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆里。•（2）.Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasunhappy.Isuggestedthattheteachers’wages(should)beincreased.6.Ifonly…要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!7.某些简单句的固定句型：Godblessyou!Mayyousucceed!LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。(“各归各”的原则）Iftheweatherhadbeenfinerlastmonth,thecropswouldbegrowingbetternow.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospitalnow.过去现在2.虚拟条件句倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthelakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthelakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?ExercisesfortheSubjunctivemood1.Whenastickispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasthoughit___.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken2.“Areyougoingtotheballtonight?”“It’stoolatenow.HowIwishaboutitearlier!”A.I’llknowB.I’veknownC.IknowD.I’dknown3.Theguardofthemeetinginsistedthateverybody_____therules.A.obeysB.obeyC.willobeyD.wouldobey4.“Jack’sbeenillforsomeweeks.”“Iknow.Iwish_____seeadoctor.”A.heshouldB.hecanC.he’llD.hecouldCDBD5.“Youshouldhavegonetothecinemawithusyesterday.Thefilmwasverygood.”“IwishI____yesterdayoff.I’dhavegonewithyou.”A.havehadB.hadC.haveD.hadhad6.Itistimethatwethispractice.A.stopB.stoppedC.willstopD.havestopped7.IwishIashealthyasmycousin.A.wereB.amC.wasD.willbe8.Thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears.A.havebeenB.areC.wereD.hadbeenDBADSummary一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。二：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wish宾语从句2.wouldrather(that)3.asif/though+Clause虚拟4.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。6.without和butfor构成虚拟.butfor(要不是)7.Ifonly…要是就好了8.某些简单句的固定句型：三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.混合条件句(“各归各”的原则）2.虚拟条件句倒装一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。条件从句If从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在过去将来一般过去时过去完成时would/could/should/might+V.（原）would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.一般过去时2.weretodo3.should+V原would/could/should/might+V原Thanksforyourcooperation!