三层别墅中央空调系统设计

1摘要在中央空调中，空气调节是对某一房间或空间的温度、湿度、洁净度和空气流动速度等进行调节与控制，并提供足够量的新鲜空气。空调可以实现对建筑热湿环境、空气品质的全面控制，目前正被广泛地应用于现代建筑当中。本设计为别墅的空调工程设计，地点为上海市，建筑面积为360㎡,空调总面积为160㎡,要求冬天能够供热，夏天能够供冷。该别墅共三层，空调总面积不大，各房间面积相对较小、且有独立控制要求；空调使用时间分散,且各功能间负荷不会同时达到最大；综合考虑建筑物的特点、对舒适性的要求及经济性等因素，选用数码涡旋多联机系统，并对各层房间进行分区，这样既能满足别墅不同时刻不同负荷的要求，而且达到了节能的目的，同时运行管理方便，调节灵活。设计中首先对各房间进行冷热湿负荷计算，再进行冬夏季送风参数计算；经比较采用一次回风系统，并为舒适度要求高的房间用室内机吸入新风。采用R410a环保冷媒，选用“美的”D4机型。针对不同功能房间室内装修特点，及有无新风要求，选用不同形式的室内机，并按配置率80%～130%选择室外机。根据空调设备生产厂家的施工要求，布置室内外机位置、凝水管、风管及风口。关键词：别墅空调系统，多联机，中央空调2ABSTRACTAir-conditioningiscontrolandregulationfortemperature,moisturecleanlinessandairvelocityetc.ofoneroomorspaceandprovideenoughfreshairinaddition.Air-conditioningcanrealizethecomprehensivecontrolforbuildingthermalorhumidenvironment.Soit'sbeingappliedextensivelyinmodernbuildings.Thisdesignisthecottageair-conditioningengineeringdesign.It'slocatedinshanghai.Thetotalconstructionareasis160㎡andairconditioningareasis360㎡.It'srequiredthatrefrigeratingcanberealizedinsunmerandheatinginwinter.Thereare3storysinall.Thetotalairconditioningareaisnotbig,besides,theareaofeachroomissmallrelativelyandcontrollingindependentlyisdemanded.Atthesametime,theusingtimeofairconditioningsystemissodecentralizedthatloadofeachroomwillnotreachthemaximuminthemeantime.Giventheseabovereasons,andtakingthebuilding'sfeatureandeconomyintotheaccount,IadopttheDVMsystem.Inthisdesign,Idevidetheroomsofeachfloorintodifferentzonessothatitcannotonlysatisfiedtheloadneedofdifferenttimes,butalsorealizetheenergyconservation.Moreoveritiseasytomanagementandflexibletocontrolling.Inthedesignofeachroom，Ifirstcalculatethecold,hotandwetload,againcarriesonthewinterandsummerairdistributionparametercalculation;Bycomparison,usingareturnairsystemofthehighdemandforcomfortwithindoorairinhaledroom.AdoptR410aenvironmentalrefrigerant,chooseMideatheD4models.Accordingtodifferentfunctionroominteriordecorationfeatures,andpresenceoffreshairrequirements,choosedifferentformsofindoorparts,andpressselectPeiZhiLv80%~130%outdoorair-conditioners.Accordingtotheairconditioningequipmentmanufacturer'sconstructionrequirements,decorateindoorandoutdoormachineposition,coagulationplumbing,ductanddraught.KEYWORDS：VillaairconditioningsystemManyonlineThecentralairconditioning3目录前言..................................................................................................................................11设计概况及设计参数和负荷计算..........................................................................21.1设计参数和负荷计算....................................................................................21.2室内空调主要设计参数................................................................................21.3围护结构参数.................................................................................................22空调冷负荷计算........................................................................................................52.1空调冷负荷的概念及其组成....................................................................52.2空调冷负荷的计算方法及参数..................................................................62.3空调房间的夏季冷负荷计算......................................................................62.3.1外墙和屋面瞬变传热引起的冷负荷计算.....................................62.3.2玻璃窗瞬变传导得热形成的冷负荷..............................................62.3.3玻璃窗日射得热形成的冷负荷......................................................72.3.4内围护结构的传热冷负荷.............................................................82.3.5人体冷负荷.........................................................................................92.3.6灯光冷负荷.........................................................................................92.3.7设备冷负荷.......................................................................................102.3.8渗透空气显热冷负荷.....................................................................112.3.9新风冷负荷.......................................................................................112.4空调系统的湿负荷计算.............................................................................112.5冬季热负荷的计算....................................................................................123空调方案的确定......................................................................................................123.1系统形式的确定..........................................................................................133.2户式中央空调的形式和特点....................................................................143.3新风量的确定..............................................................................................203.4新风负荷计算..............................................................................................213.5新风引入方式..............................................................................................254空调机组选型..........................................................................................................264.1室外机选型..................................................................................................264.2室内机选型...........................................................................................