组织规模与生命周期

5•?•??•?203012213MatsushitaElectricYoichiMorishita49055.1.5.25.2.1??1.90PeterDrucker50050061995927007KimberlyClarkScottPaperScottKimberlyUpjohnPharmacia2.8813.Hewlett-PackardIntel11510IntelAdvancedMicroDevices2.759Coca-ColaAnheuser-Busch105.2.2??5-15-1BasedonJohnA.ByrneIsYourCompanyTooBig?BusinessWeek,27March1989.84-94.1.AlaskaB747MerckMcDonalds17822.115-2ChironMerck125-2TomPeters,RethinkingScale,CaliforniaManagementReview(Fall1992):7-29.Usedwithpermission.3.1383100908070605040301930194019501960197019801990GeneralElectricJackWelchJohnson&JohnsonHewlett-PackardAT&TGeneralMotors140Johnson&Johnson168Johnson&Johnson5614AseaBrownBoveiLtd(ABB)PercyBarnevik20000050004015Nucor2023NucorHewlett-Packard20165.3MaxWeber17Weber5.3.1WeberWeber5-15-1Weber1.1.2.2.3.3.(Charismatic)4.5.6.WeberMexico50018Weber845.3.2Weber()Weber191)2)PersianGulf3)()LeeIacoccaJackWelch5.4?205.4.112122IBMBancOneAT&T235.4.2(CampbellSoupAmericanAirlines)24McDonaldsMikeQuinlanMcDonalds855.4.31()()2526275.4.41957C.NorthcoteParkinsonParkinsonParkinsonParkinsonParkinson1914-19281432%68%78%28Parkinson2930Parkinson31()()5-332ToyotaMotorMatsushitaElectricBain&CompanyJapanShintaroHori15%~20%3334Michigan7%26%40%35Michigan865-35-25-21.()2.()3.4.5.6.87755025()7.8.9.5.5Weber3637BurlingtonNorthernDanaHansonIndustries3.5~4100AlumiumCompanyofAmerica(Alcoa)2438GeneralElectricJackWelch100000Johson&JohsonWal-Mart3MCoca-ColaEmersonElectricHeinz1GeneralMotorsKmartBristol-MyersSquibbMBA3940ToucheRossPriceWaterhouse5.641885.6.1425-4435-4AdaptedfromRobertE.QuinnandKimCameronOrganizationalLifeCyclesandShiftingCriteriaofEffectiveness:SomePreliminaryEvidence,ManagementScience29(1983)33-35andLarryE.GreinerEvolutionandRevolutionasOrganizationGrow,HarvardBusinessReview50(July-August1972)3746.1.AppleStevenJobsStephenWozniakWozniakMicrosoftLotusDevelopmentAppleA.C.MarkkulaJobsWozniak8912342.Apple1978198120003.Apple80AppleJobsJohnSculley4.AppleCaterpillarMotorola441020AppleJohnSculleyMickaelSpindlerGilbertAmelioAppleSculleySpindlerAmelioApple455-484%5465.6.2905-31)(one-personshow)2)MicrosoftBillGats3)DellMickaelDellApple31Dell144)5)5-31.2.3.4.-R&DAdaptedfromLarryE.GreinerEvolutionandRevolutionasOrganizationGrow,HarvardBusinessReview50(July-August1972)3746.G.L.LppittandW.HSchmidtCrisesinDevelopingOrganization,HarvardBusinessReview45(November-December1967)102-12B.R.ScottTheIndustrialState:OldMythsandNewRealities,HarvardBusinessReview51(March-April1973)133-48RobertE.QuinnandKinnCameronOrganizationalLifeandShiftingCriteriaofEffectiveness,ManagementScience29(1983)33-51.5.791Parkinson921.Weber?2.3.??4.??5.?6.??7.??8.9.??9394