C-尿素呼气试验的环境影响

:2004202202;:2004203228:(OOC26214420391):(1963),(),,,17220045JournalofIsotopesVol.17No.2May200414C-(,518060):14C2(14C2UBT)14C2UBT14C14C14C100027.75kBq14C2UBT,,14C2UBT14C14C0.028%,3.3310-3LSv,14C2UBT:14C2(14C2UBT);(HP);;:R817144;R14411:A:100027512(2004)022011720514C2(14C2UBT)(HelicobacterPylori,HP),[1]14C,,14C2UBT14C14C14C,14C2UBT,14C2UBT114C-UBT11114C-UBTHP,HP,,:14CO(NH2)2+H2O2NH3+14CO2,,14CO2,,HP,,HP11214C-UBTHP1983Marshall[2],,1994:HP[3],,HP,HPÉHP5%,HP6,4,;,HP,,,,HP,HP,,,HP[3],13C14C,13C2,;14C2UBT(14C2UBT2[4]),14C,27.75kBq(0.75LCi)[1],(FDA)19975914C2UBT[5]14C2UBT14C,14C27.75kBq14C1.59LSv[6],,180,27.75kBq,5104Bq[7]14C2UBT[6]214C14C14C14C(2040),14C,,14C,,1PBq[8],14CA(t),:-d[A(t)e-0.693töT1ö2]ödt=1PBq(1)A(t)Bq;t,a,-[dA(t)ödt][e-0.693töT1ö2]=-(0.693öT1ö2)A(t)+1PBqöa(2),:dA(t)ödt=0(3)(3)(2):-(0.693öT1ö2)A(t)+1PBq=0(4)T1ö2=5730a(4):A(t)=1PBq5730ö0.693=8.27EBq(5)14C,A(t)(1PBq)14C20kBq,12LSv[8]314C31114C20501962,198014C0.22EBq[8]312()14C14C,,20501989,1[8]1,1989211.4GW;1989,1844GW1GW14C0162kBqöW[8],1989198914C131.1TBq1.14PBq31314C14C0.05PBq[8]198914C616GBq[8]811171[8]öGW19705.533.1818.920.410.74028.819702.541.533.670.180.1708.119714.073.474.160.570.170.00812.519725.525.305.150.850.170.00617.019737.906.634.441.820.820.00521.6197412.128.205.282.020.840.1128.6197520.3410.165.191.931.490.1539.3197622.7013.385.552.452.150.1146.3197729.8414.145.882.742.790.03655.4197834.0018.865.683.813.440.1766.0197933.3720.895.794.604.740.2269.6198040.0821.185.564.814.740.5576.9198150.9422.935.385.196.030.5891.0198256.0625.206.005.036.680.5299.5198363.9226.046.486.528.940.54112.4198478.8031.277.007.298.870.61133.8198594.8237.767.468.2911.410.67160.441986105.340.076.899.538.740.77171.31987117.343.156.8610.3311.050.81189.51988128.644.217.9310.7711.930.67204.11989135.944.238.1310.3311.990.81211.4105044213799.51087.41844414C-14C,,[8],14CCO2(CO)14C14CO2,14CO2,14C,14C14C,14C,14C,14C[8]14C14C,14C14C,14CC,230Bqökg514C-UBT14C51114C14C-UBT14C14C2UBT14C27.75kBq,14C14C2UBT,29112:14C2214C14C14C-UBT14C14CöBq14C2UBT101531610101989113110144172109()51013118109(1989)61161011212210721210177191012812710182198101451214C-UBT14C14C,50%,10%20%,10%,12,1.2,10%(),50%14C2UBT1.5(),4C2UBT1,14C2.781011Bq,50,14C1.391010Bq1000(107)14C2UBT,14C2UBT14C214C14C:14C,0.028%;198914C,0.21%;14C,0.56%;198914C,45%;14C,0.00013%14C12LSv,100027.75kBq14C2UBT,3.3310-3LSv,,,,,614C2UBT,,14C2UBT:[1],,,.Hp14C2UBT14C2[J].,1997,6(2):157159.[2]MarshallBJ.UnidentifiedCurvedBacillionGas2tricEpitheliuminActiveChronicGastritis[J].Lancet,1983,2:1273.[3]EditorialBoardofAmJGastroenteral.Helicob2acterPylori:ConsensusReached:PepticUlcerisontheWaytoBecominganHistoricDisease[J].AmJGastroenterol,1994,89:1137.[4]OlgaHegedus,JohanRyden,Ann2SofieRehnbe2rg,etal.ValidatedAccuracyofaNovelUreaBreathTestforRapidHelicobacterPyloriDetec2tionandIn2officeAnalysis[J].EurJGastroen2terol&Hepatol,2002,14(5):513520.[5]FDA.DrugApprovalsforMay1997(OriginalAp2plication:020497)[S].1997205229.[6]StubbsJB,MarshallBJ.RadiationDoseEstimat2esfortheCarbon2142LabeledUreaBreathTest[J].JNuclMed,1993,34(5):821825.[7]GB8703288,[S]1[8](UCEAR).[M].:,1995138.02117TheInfluenceof14C-ureaBreathTestonEnvironmentMAYong2jian(TheInstituteofAppliedNuclearTechnology,ShenzhenUniversity,Shenzhen518060,China)Abstract:14C2ureabreathtest(14C2UBT)isintroducedbriefly,whichshowsthat14C2UBTisaex2cellentnoninvasivemethodfordetectinghelicobacterpylori(HP)withsafety,simplicity,andspeed.Theamountof14Creleasedtoenvironmentbypractising14C2UBTismuchlessthanthatof14Cinenvironmentfrombothnaturalandartificialsources.The14Creleasedby14C2UBTwith27.75kBqeachtimeand107timesperyearisonly0.028%of14Cgeneratedfromnaturalsourcesperyear,ifthisquantityof14C2UBTisusedperyearforever,itbringsanindividualpersontobearanextraeffectiveradiationdosageof3.3310-3LSv.Sotheinfluenceof14C2UBTonenvironmentcouldbeneglectible.Keywords:14C2ureabreathtest(14C2UBT);helicobacterpylori(HP);influenceonenvironment;ef2fectiveradiationdosage(Continuedfrompage116)QuantitativeAnalysisofReceptorImagingFUZhan2li,WANGRong2fu(DepartmentofNuclearMedicine,PekingUniversityFirstHospital,Beijing100034,China)Abstract:Model2basedmethodsforquantitativeanalysisofreceptorimaging,includingkinetic,graphicalandequilibriummethods,areintroducedindetail.Sometechnicalproblemfacingquanti2tativeanalysisofreceptorimaging,suchasthecorrectionforinvivometabolismofthetracerandtheradioactivitycontributionfrombloodvolumewithinROI,andtheestimationofthenondisplace2ableligandconcentration,isalsoreviewedbriefly.Keywords:receptorimaging;quantitativeanalysis;model1212:14C2