第十二讲 射线照相检验中的计算问题

(,100039)CALCULATIONINRADIOGRAPHYZhengShicai(XinliMachineryPlant,Beijing)1,:(1)()(2)(3)(4)(5)100%(6)2,Ë,1X,500mm,5mA,4min,1.0750mm,15mA,1.5,?(1.0lgH=1.8,1.5lgH=2.1):D0=1.0,i0=5mA,t0=4min,F0=500mm,lgH0=1.8,D=1.5,i=15mA,F=750mm,lgH=2.1tlgH-lgH0=2.1-1.8=0.3HH0=100.3=2iõtF2=i0õt0F202t=2i0t0F2iF20=6min2192IrC1.2m,24min,1.2m30d1.5m,?:A0,A30d,R0=1.2ö2m,R=1.5ö2m,t0=24min,$t=30d,T,T=74dn30d,t30dAõtR2=A0õt0R20t=A0õt0õR2AõR20A=12nõA0$t=nõTn=3074=0.4056652212200012NDTVol.22No.12Dec.2000©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.A=120.405õA0=0.755A0t=241.52A01.220.755A0=49.7min3X,12min2.0,2min1.5,1.23.83.5,1.5:k,i,tD=GlgH+CH=mE(m)2.0=3.5lg(m12i)+C1.5=3.5lg(mõiõt)+C0.5=3.5lg12tt=1210(0.5ö3.5)=8.6mink=8.62=4.34XT1=15mm,T2=18mm,,T11.4,2.4,1.5mm,:H=1.5mm,n1n2,E1E2,I0,I1I2,ID1ID2,IS1IS2I1=ID1+IS1=IS11+1n1I2=ID2+IS2=IS21+1n2IS1IS2=I1(1+n2)n1I2(1+n1)n2E1=i1tE2=i2t,E1E2=I1I2=2.4I1=ID1+IS1,I2=ID2+IS2I1=I0e-LT1(1+n1),I2=I0e-LT2(1+n2)I1I2=1+n11+n2e-L(T1-T2)L=ln2H1+n21+n1=I2I1e-L(T1-T2)=1.67n2=3IS1IS2=1.865,0.4mm($Dmin=0.02),,,0.2mm($Dmin=0.03),0.4mm?:d1=0.4mm$D1,$Dmin1=$D1=0.02,d1=0.4mm$D2,d2=0.2mm$Dmin2=0.03,n1n2,G$D1=-0.434LGd11+n1$D2=-0.434LGd11+n2$D2$D1=1+n11+n2$Dmin1=-0.434LGd11+n1$Dmin2=-0.434LGd21+n2$Dmin2$Dmin1=(1+n1)d2(1+n2)d1$D2$D1=1+n11+n2=$Dmin2d1$Dmin1d2=36600mm,16mm,,1000mm,k1.1,:B,H,f,LTDTöD=16ö600=0.027,cosB=1kB=24.6sinH=sinB1+2fD=0.09726765:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.H=5.6L=PD(B-H)180L=199mm7X1221,1222(1223),TB=12mm,TA=10mmTB2.0,TADA?1221X12221223:TBDB=2.0EB,TADAA=2.0EA,155mmE2E1,E2=40mAmin,E1=10mAmin,lgH3=2.15,lgH1.5=1.78D=GlgH+C1DB=GlgHBB+C1DA=GlgHBA+C1DA=DB+G(lgHBA-lgHBB)1222D3=GlgH3+C1D1.5=GlgH1.5+C1G=D3-D1.5lgH3-lgH1.5=4.05,HBB=HAAHBAHBB=HBAHAA,H=mE(m)HBAHBB=HBAHAA=EBEAlgHBA-lgHBB=lgEB-lgEAlgE=kT+C2lgEB=kTB+C2lgEA=kTA+C2lgEB-lgEA=k(TB-TA)1221lgE2=kT2+C1lgE1=kT1+C1k=lgE2-lgE1T2-T1=lg40-lg1015-5=0.0602DA=DB+G(lgHBA-lgHBB)=DB+G(lgEB-lgEA)=DB+Gk(TB-TA)=2.0+4.050.0602(12-10)=2.49,:()8H=5010-6Svöh,GB4792-84,,?:GB4792-84,,50mSv,50,1mSvHW=1mSv,tH=5010-6Svöht=HWH=110-35010-6=20h865:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.92m9010-6Svöh,25h,GB4792-84,?:H0=9010-6Svöh,F0=2m,t=25h,GB4792-84HW=1mSvF,HH=HWt=110-325=4010-6SvöhH0H=F2F20F=F0H0H=29040=3m10250kVX1m1mAmin0.02Sv,5d,4h,5mA,X4m,GB4792-84,:GB4792-84HW=1mSv,W=54605=6000mAmin,250kVXT0=28mm,X0=0.02Sv,F0=1m,F=4mH,T,nTT0H=X0õWF2=0.02600042=7.5SvT=nõT0H=2nõHWn=lgHHWlg2=lg7.50.001lg2=12.87T=12.87T0=12.8728=360.4mm,,T=360.4+T0=360.4+28=388.4mm,X,111122,K=HWH=110-37.5=1.310-41122X350mm():1999208210(550)15.5,;15.5,,(2)(2)0.1,,(3)(3)N00.8,,(4)(4),5,,(5)(5)4,:2.00mm2,5.47mm,0.37mm,14.98,1.83mm,1.49mm,1.22,2,0.36,0.21,0.27,0.164.4JB4730-94,,5Windows98VisualBasic6.0,,,1CastlemanKennethR,,,..:,1998.146-2142,,..(A),2000,5(1):52-553,,.Fisher.,1997,10(1):1-74ReddiSS,RudinSF,KeshavanHR.Anoptimalmulti2plethresholdschemeforimagesegmentation.IEEETrans,1984,SMC214(4):661-6655HerbertFreeman.Ontheencodingofarbitrarygeomet2ricconfigurations.IEEETransElectronicComputer,1961,EC210:260-268:2000208207965:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.