国产通用型汽油机的排放现状及催化转化器的应用

352004/11TS6TS20056TS(a)(b)S(c)SM52004-10-12HCNOxTheCurrentSituationofEmissionsfromDomestic-madeConventional-typeSmallPetrolEngineandApplicationofCatalysticConverterJiaBinLinManqunYanXichengSunYaqinJingYabing(TianjinUniversity,TianjinInternalCombustionEngineResearchInstitute)Abstract:ThereisabigdifferencebetweenChineseconventionaltypesmallpetrolengineandAmericanonesinemissionlimits,especiallythelimitofHC+NOx.Therecoexistsmallenginesof2and4stroketypeswithgreaterdifferenceinemissioncharacteristics.Whencatalysticconversionused,adirectionaldesignisneeded.Keywords:EmissionConventionaltypeengineCatalysticconverter1EPANon-roadSpark-ignitionSmallEngines3EPA19kW30kW19982004/113630002000[1]2002200200480020902000EPA200023%CO20%HCEPA1995119971999212EPA[2]220026CNACLEPA102012IIIEPAEPA2III[3]12EPA2III1IHC+NOxI2CO252II2003120051EPA2,mLI-A66I-B66100I100225II225III20IV2050V503I6HC+NOxHCNOxIHCHC+NOx70010.0CO,g(kWh)1600500400300200100020.030.040.0HC+NO,g(kWh)x11270056005004003002001000221015202530CO,g(kWh)1HC+NO,g(kWh)x1EPA20052007EPA2003372004/11[4]2EPA2IIII20022007CO,g(kWh)1HC+NOx,g(kWh)161016.1II200361015.0200413.6200512.1200612.1200712.133.11.41[1]20EPA3420HCCONOxCO2O2H234HC15796106HC2NOx2.7NOx0.1%3HC,106157962010011890CO,%3.956.871.43NOx,10612533020CO2,%6.410.92.8O2,%8.113.84.2H2,%1.93.60.54HC,1067194154003885CO,%4.589.982.16NOx,106338170718CO2,%8.613.13.2O2,%4.411.70.1H2,%2.05.50.73.2EPA443507003.3EPA5EPAHCNOx901HC+NOHCNO,%xx807060503HCNOHC+NOxx234564030201007005,6005004003002001000410152025308002004/11386B5I-ACI-BAI-BBCCC6B,%,%110092752035029425305107605168F566168FHCCO56HCCO123490%3421168F4abHC+NOxcde[1]..2001(2)[2]U.SEPA40CFRPart90-ControlofEmissionsfromNon-roadSpark-ignitionEngines,1999[3]JiaBin.LinManqunYanXichengetal.AnExperimentalSurveyontheEmissionsCharacteristicofNon-roadSmallSI30HC,%25201510505168FHC1234535630CO,%25201510506168FCO12345356392004/11EnginesinChina.SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers.SmallEngineTechnologyConference.USA:SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers,Inc.2003[4]F.Millo,G.Cornetti,W.Miersch.AnExperimentalSurveyontheEmissionsCharacteristicofSmallSIEnginesForNon-roadMobileMachinery.SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers.SmallEngineTechnologyConference.USA:SocietyofAutomotiveEngineers,Inc.2001J.LaihoEcocatOyEcocatOyEcocatOyTheGradualStrictEmissionStandardUrgingMotorcyclestoFitCatalysticConvertersJ.Laiho(EcocatOyFinland)Abstract:Thenewcarrier,EcocatOybymeansofcatalystsmonolithictechniquecanbeappliedtotheinnerpartofthefronttube,whichtogetherwithcellularcarrierscanreduceemissionsfrommotorcyclesgreatly.Abasicproblemwiththeemissionfrom4-strokeengineisoxygendeficiency,thereforeanoxygen-enrichingdevicewillbesignificantinreducingemissionsfrommotorcycles.Keywords:Four-strokeCarrierandmonolithiccatalystsEnriching-oxygendevice1I50090%50mL512004-10-12HC,g/km01012102030405016142468(a)HCCO,g/km