化学加工设备的手册

HandbookChemicalrocessingEquipmentNicholasP.CheremisinoffHandbookofChemicalProcessingEquipmentNicholasP.Cheremisinoff,Ph.D.BostonOxfordAucklandJohannesburgMelbourneNewDelhiCopyright02000byButterworth-HeinemannAmemberoftheReedElseviergroupAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthepublisher.@Recognizingtheimportanceofpreservingwhathasbeenwritten,Butterworth-Heinemannprintsitsbooksonacid-freepaperwheneverpossible.G.,,..'&~20~1Butterworth-HeinemannsupportstheeffortsofAmericanForestsandtheGlobalReLeafprograminitscampaignforthebettermentoftrees,forests,andourenvironment.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataCheremisinoff,NicholasP.Handbookofchemicalprocessingequipment/NicholasCheremisinoff.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-7506-7126-2(alk.paper)1.Chemicalplants--Equipmentandsupplies.I.Title.p.cm.TP155.5.C522000660'.283--d~2100-037955BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationDataAcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.Thepublisheroffersspecialdiscountsonbulkordersofthisbook.Forinformation,pleasecontact:ManagerofSpecialSalesButterworth-Heinemann225WildwoodAvenueWoburn,MA01801-2041Tel:[phone]Fax:[phone]ForinformationonallButterworth-Heinemannpublicationsavailable,contactourWorldWideWebhomepageat::ApplicationoftheRayleighEquation,524Index527PREFACEThechemicalindustryrepresentsa455-billion-dollar-a-yearbusiness,withproductsrangingfromcosmetics,tofuelproducts,toplastics,topharmaceuticals,healthcareproducts,foodadditives,andmanyothers.Itisdiverseanddynamic,withmarketsectorsrapidlyexpanding,andinturmoilinmanypartsoftheworld.Acrossthesevariedindustrysectors,basicunitoperationsandequipmentareappliedonadailybasis,andindeedalthoughtherehavebeenmajortechnologicalinnovationstoprocesses,manypiecesofequipmentarebaseduponafoundationofengineeringprinciplesdevelopedmorethan50yearsago.TheHandbookofChemicalProcessingEquipmenthasbeenwrittenasabasicreferenceforprocessengineers.Itprovidespracticalinformationontheworkingprinciplesandengineeringbasisformajorequipmentcommonlyusedthroughoutthechemicalprocessingandalliedindustries.Althoughwrittenlargelywiththechemicalengineerinmind,thebook'scontentsaregeneralenough,withsufficientbackgroundandprinciplesdescribed,thatothermanufacturingandprocessengineerswillfindituseful.Thehandbookisorganizedintoeightchapters.Chapters1t