改性沸石的制备及去除废水中氨氮的研究

国内图书分类号：X703.1国际图书分类号.：502工学硕士学位论文改性沸石的制备及去除废水中氨氮的研究硕士研究生导师申请学位级别学科、专业所在单位授予学位单位：：：：：：林立君丁志江教授工学硕士环境工程环境与化学工程学院燕山大学ClassifiedIndex:X703.1U.D.C.:502DissertationfortheMasterDegreeinEngineeringTHEPREPARATIONOFMODIFIEDZEOLITEANDISTTREATMENTOFAMMONIA-NITROGENINWASTEWATERCandidate:Supervisor:AcademicDegreeAppliedfor:Speciality:University:LinLijunProf.DingZhijiangMasterofEngineeringEnvironmentalEngineeringYanshanUniversity燕山大学硕士学位论文原创性声明本人郑重声明：此处所提交的硕士学位论文《改性沸石的制备及去除废水中氨氮的研究》，是本人在导师指导下，在燕山大学攻读硕士学位期间独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。据本人所知，论文中除已注明部分外不包含他人已发表或撰写过的研究成果。对本文的研究工作做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式注明。本声明的法律结果将完全由本人承担。作者签字日期：年月日燕山大学硕士学位论文使用授权书《改性沸石的制备及去除废水中氨氮的研究》系本人在燕山大学攻读硕士学位期间在导师指导下完成的硕士学位论文。本论文的研究成果归燕山大学所有，本人如需发表将署名燕山大学为第一完成单位及相关人员。本人完全了解燕山大学关于保存、使用学位论文的规定，同意学校保留并向有关部门送交论文的复印件和电子版本，允许论文被查阅和借阅。本人授权燕山大学，可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存论文，可以公布论文的全部或部分内容。保密□，在年解密后适用本授权书。本学位论文属于不保密□。(请在以上相应方框内打“√”)作者签名：日期：年月日导师签名：日期：年月日I摘要随着我国国民经济的迅速发展，氨氮污染变得日益严重。氨氮是引起水体富营养化和环境污染的重要物质，水体中氨氮浓度过高，会抑制水体中的自然硝化，引起水体溶解氧下降，导致鱼类中毒，降低水体自净能力。因此研究经济有效的控制氨氮废水污染的技术，已经成为当今环境领域中的重大课题。天然沸石是一种廉价的非金属矿物，因具有独特的架状结构而表现出良好的选择吸附和离子交换性能，在废水处理中已被广泛应用，但吸附容量偏低，需要进行改性。本文针对天然沸石的局限性，研究了天然沸石对水中氨氮的吸附行为，考察了pH值、接触时间对氨氮吸附的影响，确定了昀佳的沸石改性方法，并进行了吸附等温模型、吸附动力学、动态实验和沸石再生实验等研究。实验结果表明：天然沸石在pH值为6.5~7.5范围内，接触时间90min吸附效果昀好；采用高温300℃焙烧后再用预处理后的海水浸泡24h改性沸石去除氨氮效果昀佳。在常温下，当活化沸石投配量为10g/L，接触时间为90min，pH值为6~7，进水氨氮浓度为37.91mg/L时，沸石对氨氮吸附容量为3.47mg/g，氨氮去除率为91.55%；沸石及改性沸石对氨氮的吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程和Freundlich方程以及准二级动力学方程；沸石经多次再生处理效果仍然很好。用海水来改性和再生沸石的方法，不仅可提高沸石对氨氮的吸附容量和吸附速度，而且无任何添加药剂，具有简单易行、费用低廉的优点，为沸石在水处理工程中的应用提供技术支撑。关键词沸石；改性；氨氮；海水；再生IIAbstractWiththerapiddevelopmentoftheeconomyofourcountry,thepollutionofwaterbodyisinereasinglyserious.Ammonia-nitrogenisanimportantcontaminantforeutrophicationofwaterbodyandenvironrnentalpollution.WithhighconcentrationofNH4+-N,naturalnitrationisrestrained,DObecomesdecline,fishesarepoisoned,andtheself-depurationabilityofwaterisreduced.TostudyaneconomicalandefficientwaytocontroltheNH4+-Npollutionhasbecomeanimportantprogramatthepresent.Asakindoflow-pricednornnetallicmineral,Zeolitehasawideapplicationprospectinwastewatertreatmentbecauseithasgoodperformanceofselectiveadsorptionandionexchangeforitspeculiarcagestructure.However,modifiedzeoliteisneededbecausenaturalzeolitehaslessadsorptioncapacity.Aimingatlimitationofnaturalzeoliteinitsstructure,themethodofmodificationwaspresentedinthispaper.TheeffectsofpHvalues,contactingtimeonadsorptionofammonianitrogenwereresearched.Theoptimalmodifiedmethodforzeoliteonabsorbingammonianitrogenwerediscussed.Meanwhiletheprocessofadsorptionequilibrium,zeoliteregenerationbyseawater,andkineticsforammonia-nitrogensolutiononzeolitewerestudied.Throughtheresearchofthepaper,aconclusioncanbedrew:theadsorptionreachbestwhenpHvalueis6andcontactingtimeis90minutesforthenaturalzeolite.Themodifiedmethodwhichiscalcinedin300℃andthenimmersed24hoursintheseawatercanremoveammonia-nitrogenwell.Whenamountofmodifiedzeoliteis10g/L,contacttimeis90minutes,thepHvalueis6~7,influentconcentrationis37.91mgN/L,modifiedzeoliteadsorptioncapacityforammonianitrogenis3.47mg/g,ammonianitrogenremovalrateis91.55%.ItsadsorptionbehaviorcomformstoLangmuirandFreundlichadsorptionisothermandthesecondquasi-dynamicmodel;modifiedzeolitehasremarkableremovalIIIrateforNH4+-Ninwaterbody.Itisconfirmedthatthemodifiedmethodandregenerationforzeolitewithseawaternotonlyhashighadsorptioncapacityandadsorptionrateforammonia-nitrogen,butalsohastheadvantageofnoadditivemedicaments,simpleoperationandlowcost.Thisstudywillprovideatheoreticalreferenceforeffectivelyremovingammonia-nitrogeninwastewatertreatment.Keywordsnaturalzeolite;modifiedzeolite;ammonianitrogen;seawater;regenerationIV目录摘要···················································································································IAbstract················································································································II第1章绪论·······································································································11.1我国水源污染现状分析·········································································11.1.1废水中氨氮的来源··········································································11.1.2废水中氨氮的危害··········································································11.2废水中氨氮的常用处理方法·································································21.2.1折点加氯法······················································································21.2.2吹脱法······························································································21.2.3化学沉淀法······················································································21.2.4乳状液膜法······················································································31.2.5电渗析法··························································································31.2.6湿式催化氧化法··············································································31.2.7离子交换法······················································································31.3天然沸石的特性·····