炉渣去除废水中重金属离子的研究

江苏科技大学硕士学位论文炉渣去除废水中重金属离子的研究姓名：钟宇申请学位级别：硕士专业：材料物理与化学指导教师：陈芳艳200801250.125mmXCr()Cr3+Pb2+pHCr()Cr3+Pb2+Pb2+1./COSiAlKCaFeTi2.Cr()pH=18g/L240min10mg/LCr()99.2%50mg/LCr()Cr()Cr()Fe2+Cr()Cr()Cr()pHpH0.551.002.006.0×10-33.3×10-34.0×10-4min-13.Cr3+Pb2+pH=212g/L180min50mg/LCr3+Pb2+97.3%99.0%Cr3+Pb2+1.34mg/L0.49mg/LCr3+Pb2+Cr3+Pb2+FreundlichLangmuirpH=2.4Cr3+Pb2+25.25mg/g42.55mg/gFreundlich1/n0.5Cr3+Pb2+pH=2Cr3+Pb2+0.02211min--⋅⋅mgg0.01111min--⋅⋅mggCr3+Pb2+4.(1)(2)(3)Ca2+K+Ca2+K+5.Pb2+pH24mL/min5.06mg/g62.1%1.0mol/L4.77mg/g94.4%Cr()Cr3+Pb2+0.125mmXCOSiAlKCaFeTiCr()Cr3+Pb2+pHCr()Cr3+Pb2+Cr()pH=18g/L4h10mg/LCr()99.2%50mg/LCr()Cr()Cr()Fe2+Cr()Cr()Cr()pHpH=0.55pH=1.00pH=2.006.0×10-3min-13.3×10-3min-14.0×10-4min-1Cr3+Pb2+pH=212g/L180min50mg/LCr3+Pb2+97.3%99.0%Cr3+Pb2+1.34mg/L0.49mg/LCr3+Pb2+Cr3+Pb2+FreundlichLangmuirpH=2.4Cr3+Pb2+25.25mg/g42.55mg/gFreundlich1/n0.5Cr3+Pb2+pH=2Cr3+Pb2+0.02211min--⋅⋅mgg0.01111min--⋅⋅mggCr3+Pb2+Pb2+Pb2+pH24mL/min5.06mg/g62.1%1.0mol/L4.77mg/g94.4%ABSTRACTStudyonRemovalofHeavyMetalIronsInWastewaterbyslagABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofindustry,thedischargeamountofwastewaterwithheavymetalironsisbecominglagerandlager.Inviewofitsprotractedpollutiononenvironmentanddamagetohumanbeingandotherlivingthings,howtohandleiteffectivelybecometobethedifficultpointandhotspotinenvironmentaldisposalwork,whichneedplentyoftimeandenergy.Asadsorptionprocesspossessesalotofadvantagessuchasextensivesourcesofadsorbingmaterials,highselectivity,easinessofreclamation,energyconversationandsoon,ithasbecomeaneffectivewaytodealwithheavymetalironpollutions.Slagisoneofeffective,cheap,possessingpotentialfunctionadsorbingmaterials.Withapplyingindealingwithwastewater,itcancontrolthepollution,makefulluseofwasteresourcesandimproveecologicalenvironment.Soitshouldbeextendedactively.Theresearchaboutheavymetalironwastewaterdisposalandusageofslaginwastewaterdeposalwassummedup,somerepresentativecaseswereintroducedandsomebasicconceptsofadsorptionwereintroduced.Theslagparticleswerepreparedbyboilerwastedslag,whoseaverageparticlesizeis0.125mm.SEMandXRDwereusedtoobservethemorphologiccharacteristicsandanalyzedelements.Thedisposaleffectoftheslagparticleswasinvestigated.TheeffectsofinitialpH,slagdosage,initialconcentrationofheavymetalironsandtemperaturewerealsoinspected.ThemechanismofslagdisposingCr()andparametersofkineticsandthermodynamicsofslagadsorbingCr3+andPb2+werestudied.ThepropertyofslagdynamicallyabsorbingPb2+wasdiscussed.Theresultsshowthat:1.Thestructureofslagistypicallybeehiveinpossessionofdevelopedmicrosporesandlargespecificsurfacearea.TheslagcontainselementssuchasC,O,Si,Al,K,Ca,Fe,Tiandsooninformsofoxides.2.TheresultsshowthattheremovalefficiencyofCr()disposedbyslagisveryhigh.WhentheinitialpHis1,thedosageofslagis8g/L,reactivetimeis4hoursandinitialconcentrationofCr()is10mg/L,theremovalrateis99.2%undertheambienttemperature.IftheinitialconcentrationofCr()islessthan50mg/L,thewatertreatedbyslagcanreachthenationalstandardforwastewaterdischargebyaddingsuitableamountofslag.TheremovalmechanismofCr()isthatCr()isreducedbyFe2+dissolvedfromslagunderacidicconditionratherthanCr()isadsorbedontoslag.ThekineticsofCr()reducedbyslagconformstothefirst-orderreactionkineticlaws.TherateconstantincreaseswiththedecreasingofpH.Therateconstantisseparately6.0×10-3,3.3×10-3and4.0×10-4min-1undertheconditionofinitialpHof0.55,1.00andABSTRACT2.00.3.TheadsorptioncapacityofCr3+andPb2+ontoslagisverywell.WhentheinitialpHis2,concentrationis50mg/L,thedosageofslagis8mg/L,theremovalefficiencyofCr3+andPb2+are97.3%and99.0%respectively.TheresidualconcentrationofCr3+andPb2+are1.34mg/Land0.49mg/L,respectively,whichcanreachthenationalstandardforwastewaterdischarge.TheremovalmechanismofCr3+andPb2+arethattheyareadsorbedontoslag.TheadsorptionisothermsconformtoFreundlichandLangmuiradsorptionmodels.TheultimateadsorptioncapacityofCr3+andPb2+are25.25mg/gor42.55mg/g,respectivelyundertheconditionofpHof2.4.TheFereundlichadsorptionconstant1/nislessthan0.5sothattheadsorptionofCr3+andPb2+ontoslagiseasilyperformed.TheadsorptionkineticsofCr3+andPb2+accordwiththequasi-secondorderkineticequation.AdsorptionrateconstantofCr3+andPb2+are0.02211min--⋅⋅mggand0.01111min--⋅⋅mgg,respectively.Theadsorptionvelocityiscontrolledbyporousdiffusionstep.4.Themechanismofslagadsorbingheavymetalironsincludesfollowingconcepts.(1)ThereexistVanderWaalsforce,dipolarforcesandhydrogenbondingforcesbetweenheavymetalironsandslag.Sotheheavymetalironsareadsorbedbyslagandthanenterintotheinnerslagpores.(2)Theoxidesinslagpossessobligateadsorptiononironswhichisrelatedtothehydratedfreeenergiesofirons.Thehydratedfreeenergiesbecomelager,waterremovalinhydratedionsbecomemoredifficultandtheheavymetalironsaremoredifficulttoactwithsurfacepots.(3)HeavymetalironscanexchangeironswithCa2+,K+inslagandthenareadsorbedbyslag.ButasthecontentofCa2+,K+inslagisverysmall,thisactivitycanbeignored.5.ThedynamicabsorptionofPb2+ontoslagwasalsodiscussed.TheresultsshowthatthedynamicabsorptioncapacityandadsorptioncolumnefficiencyofPb2+arerespectively5.06mg/gor62.1