环境设计专业外语

EnvironmentalDesignXianUniversityofArchitectureandTechnology，Xian，ChinaHanYi1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarthByJohnOrmsbeeSimonds•Wearethevictimsofourownbuilding.Wearetrapped,bodyandsoul,inthemechanisticsurroundingswehaveconstructedaboutourselves.Somewhereinthecomplexprocessofevolvingourlivingspaces,cities,androadways,wehavebecomesoabsorbedinthepowerofmachines,soabsorbedinthepursuitofnewtechniquesofbuilding,soabsorbedwithnewmaterialsthewehaveneglectedourhumanneeds.Ourowndeepestinstinctsareviolated.Ourbasichumandesiresremainunsatisfied.Divorcedfromournaturalhabitat,wehavealmostforgottentheglowandexuberanceofbeinghealthyanimalsandfeelingfullyalive.1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarth•我们是自身建设的受害者。我们的身与灵都被困在了自己建造的机械环境中。在生活空间、城市和道路逐步发展的复杂进程中，我们太过于依赖机械的力量，太过于追求新的建造技术和新的材料，以至于反而忽视了人的需求。这种最深处的本能被违反了。最基本的人类欲望也得不到满足。远离了自然生境的我们几乎忘却了作为一种健康的动物感受生命意义时的那种活力与激情。•Victim:n.牺牲者，受害者；•Trap:vt.诱骗；使受限制；困住；•Evolve:vt.使发展；使进化；•Violate:vt.违反；妨碍；侵犯•Divorce:vt.与…离婚；分离•Glow:n.白热，炽热；色彩鲜艳，尤指红光；激情；热烈•Exuberance:n.繁茂，丰富；充沛，充溢1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarth•Manycontemporaryailments——ourhypertensionsandneuroses——arenomorethanthephysicalevidenceofrebellionagainstourphysicalsurroundingsandfrustrationatthewideninggapbetweentheenvironmentweyearnforandthestifling,artificialoneweplannershavesofarcontrived.•这一时代的许多疾病，譬如高血压和神经衰弱，正是我们的身体反抗外界环境的表现，而我们所渴望的的环境与我们作为规划师规划的那种沉闷的人工环境之间不断增大的裂痕也令人沮丧.•ailments:n.[ˈeilmənts]疾病（尤指慢性病），不适(ailment的名词复数)•hypertensions:n.高血压；过度紧张•neuroses:n.医神经机能病，神经官能症（neurosis的名词复数）•rebellion:n.造反，叛乱；反抗•frustration:n.挫折；失败；挫败；失意•yearnfor:vi.渴望，切盼，向往；想念•stifling:adj.['staɪflɪŋ]令人窒息的；沉闷的•artificial:adj.人造的；人工的；虚假的，非原产地的；人为的•contrived:adj.[kənˈtraɪvd]不自然的；勉强的；人为的；非天然的1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarth•Lifeitselfisdictatedbyourmoment-by-momentadjustmenttoourenvironment.Justasthebacterialcultureinthepetridishmusthaveitsscientificallycompoundedmediumforoptimumdevelopmentandthepottedgeraniumcuttingitsproperandcontrolledconditionsofgrowthtoproduceathrivingplant,sowe——ascomplicated,hypersensitivehumanorganisms——musthaveforouroptimumdevelopmentahighlyspecializedmilieu.Itisbafflingthatthenatureofthisecologicalframeworkhasbeensolittleexplored.Volumeshavebeenwrittenontheconditionsunderwhichraretypesoforchidsmaybestbegrown;numerousmanualscanbefoundontheproperraisingandcareofguineapigs,whiterats,goldfish,andparakeets,butlittlehasbeenwrittenaboutthenatureofthephysicalenvironmentbestsuitedtohumanculture.Hereisachallengingfieldofresearch.1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarth•生活取决于我们每时每刻对环境的适应。就像培养皿中培养的细菌，必须具备科学的复合介质才能促进其繁殖；亦或是盆栽的天竺葵扦插条，也必须在适合的、可控的条件下才能生长茂盛。我们作为复杂且高度敏感的人类有机体，也必须有适合我们发展的高度专业化环境。令人费解的是，这种生态框架的本质却很少被人探寻。有关于稀有兰花在什么环境下生长最好的研究写了一卷又一卷，介绍如何正确的饲养几内亚的猪、白老鼠、金鱼以及长尾小鹦鹉的手册更是数不胜数。然而却几乎没有一本书来介绍什么样的物质环境最适合人类发展。这是一块非常具有挑战性的研究领域。•dictated:v.大声讲或读(dictate的过去式和过去分词)；口授；支配；摆布•bacterial[bæk'tɪərɪəl]:adj.细菌的；细菌性medium•optimum[ˈɑ:ptɪməm]:adj.最适宜的;n.最佳效果；最适宜条件；[生物学]最适度•potted:adj.盆栽的，瓶或罐装的，浓缩的；封闭式•milieu[mi:ˈljɜ:]:n.周围；环境;周围；社会环境；背景;复数：milieusmilieux•baffling:adj.令人困惑的，难对付的，难解的;v.使困难，使为难(baffle的现在分词)•manuals['mænjʊəlz]:n.说明书(manual的名词复数)；（风琴等的）键盘；1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarth•Thenaturalisttellsusthatifafoxorarabbitissnaredinafieldandthenkeptinacage,theanimal’scleareyeswillsoonbecomedull,itscoatwillloseitsluster,anditsspiritwillflag.Soitiswithhumanstoolongortoofarremovedfromnature.Forweare,firstofall,animals.Wearecreaturesofthemeadow,theforest,thesea,andtheplain.Wearebornwithaloveoffreshairinourlungs,drypathsunderourfeet,andthepenetratingheatofthesunonourskin.Wearebornwithaloveforthefeelandsmellofrich,warmearth,thetasteandsparkleofclearwater,therefreshingcoolnessoffoliageoverhead,andthespaciousbluedomeofthesky.Deepdowninsidewehaveforthesethings——alonging,adesiresometimescompelling,sometimesquiescentbutalwaysitisthere.1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarth•自然博物学家告诉我们，如果狐狸或兔子被捕以后关在笼子里，他们清澈的眼睛很快会变得灰暗，皮毛会失去光泽，精神也会萎靡不振。人类远离大自然也会如此，因为人类首先是一种动物。我们是草地、森林、海洋还有平原的动物。我们在出生之时，肺里就充满了爱的新鲜空气，脚下踏着干燥的小路，阳光普照于我们的肌肤之上。我们天性有爱，那是一种感受大地的富饶温暖的爱，那是一种品味清澈水源的爱，那是一种对头顶的枝叶带来的丝丝凉爽的爱，那是一种对广阔的蓝色苍穹的爱。我们内心深处的这这些渴望，有时是明显的，有时又是含蓄的，但是它总是一直在那里。•snared:v.用罗网捕捉，诱陷，陷害(snare的过去式和过去分词)•luster:['lʌstə]n.光泽；光辉；光彩；荣耀；vt.使有光泽，使有光彩flag:n.旗旗帜；信号旗；菖蒲；vt.标示；vi.疲乏，变弱,热情衰减•meadow:n.草地；牧场；草甸；草地上•penetrating:adj.敏锐的；有洞察力的；聪明的；响亮的•sparkle:vi.闪耀，闪烁；活跃，焕发活力和才智；n.光亮；活力•foliage:[ˈfəʊliɪdʒ]n.植物的叶子（总称），叶子及梗和枝；树叶•spacious：adj.宽敞的；广阔的；（知识）广博的•dome:n.圆屋顶；像圆屋顶一样的东西；圆顶体育场•compelling:adj.引人入胜的；扣人心弦的；非常强烈的；不可抗拒的•quiescent:[kwiˈesnt]adj.不活动的，静态的；休眠的1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarth•Ithasbeenproposedbymanysagesthat,otherthingsbeingequal,thehappiestpersonisonewholivesinclosest,fullestharmonywithnature.Itmightthenbereasoned:whynotrestorehumanstothewoods?Letthemhavetheirwaterandearthandsky,andplentyofit.Butistheprimevalforest-preserved,untouched,orsimulated——ouridealenvironment?Hardly.Forthestoryofthehumanraceisthestoryofanunendingstruggletoamelioratetheforcesofnature.Gradually,laboriously,wehaveimprovedourshelters,securedamoresustainedandvariedsupplyoffood,andextendedcontrolovertheelementstoimproveourwayofliving.1.HarmonywiththeLivingEarth•许多圣人都谈到：在其他条件都相同的情况下，最开心的人是那些最能与自然和谐共处之人。按