珠江三角洲马尾松年轮中S的环境指示意义

30220083JOURNALOFBEIJINGFORESTRYUNIVERSITYVol.30,No.2Mar.,2008:200722012205http:PP:PPjournal.bjfu.edu.cn:(30570349)(KSCX222SW22120):,,::0202237252977Email:[e-mail]:510650723:,,::0202237252615Email:[e-mail]:S():S,,S,S,S;2080,S,80,SS;S,S197019711985198620023;S,2080,:19411970;19711985;19862002:;;;;:S718153:A:1000221522(2008)022200012207KUANGYuan2wen;ZHOUGuo2yi;WENDa2zhi.EnvironmentalbioindicationofsulphurintreeringsofMassonpine(Pinusmassoniana)inthePearlRiverDeltaofChina.JournalofBeijingForestryUniversity(2008)30(2)1227[Ch,36ref.]InstituteofEcology,SouthChinaBotanicalGarden,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Guangzhou,510650,P.R.China.Inordertoidentifythepotentialofsulphur(S)contentintheringsofMassonpine(Pinusmassoniana)inthePearlRiverDeltaasabio2indicatortoregionalhistoryofatmosphericpollution,dendrochemistrywasusedtodeterminethetemporaldistributionofScontentinthexylemofMassonpinefromZhaoqingDinghushanMountainandNanhaiXiqiaoshanMountain,GuangdongProvince,southernChina.TheresultsindicatedthatthecontentofxylemSincreasedtemporallyandpeakedintheringsformedinthelatestyearsatthebothsites.Intheringsformedatthesameperiodsbeforethe1980s,Scontentwasnotsignificantlydifferentbetweenthetwosites,whileintheringsformedatthesameperiodsafterthe1980s,ScontentatXiqiaoshanMountainwassignificantlyhigherthanthatatDinghushanMountain.Thechrono2sequencesofSindexatthebothsitescouldbeeasilymarkedasthreeperiods:before1970,1971221985and1986222002.BasedonthetemporalchangesofthexylemScontentandcertainsocial2economicindexafterthe1980sinthedelta,thehistoryofatmosphericpollutionatthestudiedsitescouldbereconstructedasthefollowings:1)before1970,aperiodinwhichtheairwasrelativelyclear;2)1971221985,aperiodinwhichtheairwasgraduallypolluted;3)1986222002,aperiodinwhichtheairwasmostseverelypollutedinthedelta.KeywordsPearlRiverDelta;Pinusmassoniana;dendrochemistry;sulphur;enviromentalbioindication,(Dendrochemistry)(Dendrochronology),Lepp[1],30,[2229],[10],[11],,,,,SO2NOx,[122213],,,,[14],,[152216][17][18],,,,,,,,,(Pinusmassoniana),,[19],[20][21],pH[22],[23],[24],S,S,()50,5060,30,,,1,(11234E,2310N)(11256E,2355N),,,,,[14]20025010,,1000m,,50m,,30cm,,,,,Windrendro611,,0101mm,,33(R2=017207)7(R2=017510)11(R2=017712),2(R2=017308)3(R2=018758)5(R2=018701)51,10%HNO37048h0108g,,[25]S3,S(GBV0760422GSV223)21S,S3S:219661970,268181mgPkg;319661970,161142mgPkg;519551960,190161mgPkgS:223019911995,1521129mgPkg,19661970S6;319911995,824135mgPkg,S5;519962000,954145mgPkg,4S,19761980S,S200600mgPkg,S6001500mgPkg1975,S,(1),S3S19711975,98130mgPkg,19962000,447132mgPkg,5;7S19561960,121174mgPkg,19962000(688130mgPkg),5;11S19511956,53S,S(1)1Smgkg-1TABLE1ContentofSinthetreeringsformedatdifferentperiodsofP.massonianafromDinghushanandXiqiaoshanMountainsD223D227D2211X222X223X22519411945294187(16124)19461950345187(88128)19511955256117(14197)244178(62120)19561960179124(16106)121174(20154)314141(23131)303178(74191)259151(42187)190161(28118)19611965225104(75173)239114(39177)299150(68155)490153(60144)275189(45183)212116(37130)19661970151189(5131)169185(36145)393161(14150)268181(18124)161142(43118)310124(17157)1971197598130(3113)266126(106123)595182(69157)615155(95141)283179(106198)411143(43121)19761980163133(15171)234113(12196)612116(42196)627145(28154)362197(47106)422160(64109)19811985213130(22138)634117(46152)624132(51166)1230194(379179)813171(23125)964147(8119)19861990252117(40166)618160(52119)666110(9130)1243188(274130)813172(78141)924111(19134)19911995344147(37114)636106(217193)636177(94150)1521128(82137)824135(36175)920130(47162)19962002447132(24193)688130(216164)610181(39191)1519165(273179)795127(53179)954145(27174):S,SS1980,1000mgPkg;S1980,1980S,S,151980S550600mgPkg,;1980,S,,SS2S,S,,,,32:S,,,[26]:Ci=(Ci-C)PSx(1),Cii,Cii,C,SxIi=(Ci-Cmin)P(Cmax-Cmin),CmaxCminS,S,1(2)S:I=1n6nn=1In+M(2),I,In,n,MS2S(2)S19661970,S,,19761980,S,19962002;S19661970,S,1975S,S,;19761980,SS,,,,,SSSSSO2,S(SO2)((NH4)2SO4CaSO4)[27]S(SO2)[28],S119412002(A)19562002(B)SFIGURE1Chrono2sequencesindexofSintheringsformedduring19412000ofP.massonianafromDinghushanMountain(A)andformedduring1956222002fromXiqiaoshanMountain(B)2SFIGURE2Comparisonsofthechrono2sequencesindexofSinthesameperiodfromDinghushanandXiqiaoshanMountains[29]S,SSO42-SSO2,SO2TSP[30],S[31]S,S[4,6,30]4301998SO2,,,,,3[32]19801997,1020153t3645198t,718%;()1980187154t1997622198t,713%SO2,59119%[33],,Pb2080,S,SO2[34]17,22,SO2,NOx,(),,SO2,SO25197t,SO212193t[35],(2),19982000,SO291781010810149t,SO2319231323119t[34],,S,21995TABLE2ComparisonsoftheamountofindustrialfuelconsumptionandofatmosphericemissionbetweenFoshanandZhaoqingcitiesin1995PtPtPtSO2NOx3161402321841012851043177971377177113101972112,S,SS[32](3)319802002FIGURE3AmountofenergyconsumptioninGuangdongProvinceduring1980222002:t,kWh,S(P.tabulaeformis)S(441442017mgPkg)[4]S(241531685mgPkg)[6](P.taiwanensis)S(01431315mgPkg)[36],(P.taeda)S(921527010mgPkg)[27],3S,19761980,S,,:19411970,;19711985;19862002,S20,SS,SS[1]LEPPNW.Thepotentialoftree2ringanalysisformonitoringheavymetalpollutionpatterns[J