扩散边界层对沉积物盐分释放的阻滞影响

高增文1,郑西来2,赵全升1(1.,266071;2.,266100):,,Fick,,,,35cm,;,,,,,,:;;;:X142:A:10016791(2010)02025506:20090331:(40872150;40772151);(ZR2009EQ001):(1974-),,,,,Emai:lgaozengwen@163com,,[14],,,ThibodeauxBoyle,[1];PortieljeLijklemaVeluwe,1~2[5],,,,[69],,[1014][1517](,),,()[18],,111(1),,,043,1,039g/L,21220103ADVANCESINWATERSCIENCEVol21,No2Mar.,2010;,350g/L,,1Table1Weightofdifferentdiametergrainsinpercentofthewholesediments/mm21~205~1025~050075~0250075/%099045126951883392007(2):200cm50cm80cmPVC,4,210cm190cm110cm0cm(1)DDS30712(121)PVC,1Fig1Schemeofexperimentatflume121步骤(1)PVC,21cm,32h,,(2)PVC,48cm(3)24hDDS307;,5mL2mL,,,,,35m/s122扩散通量计算方法(1)(2)(1)F1=m/(At)(1)m;A;t[7]F2=D0(Cb-Ct)/Z(2)D0,;CtCb;ZPoissonPapaud25,5(Na+Ca2+Cl-SO2-4HCO-3)[19],(S)D=002S+1421(10-6cm2/s),Lerman[20]125(3),F3=-DsCxx=0(3);Cxx=0;Ds,Ds[21]256212213Fig3Saltconcentrationvariationwithtimeinbordersofdiffusiveboundarylayer,360h,2,;,(75cm)(35cm),,,35cmKhlRevsbech,[22],2Fig2Saltprofileinoverlyingwaterandinterstitialwaterofsediments,[10,13,23],,,,,,KhlRevsbech(01mmmm)[22],;,[11],,,223,,330h;,330hFick,336~360hFick,(1)(2),2,60%,Fick2572,:,,2Table2ParametersofcomputedsaltfluxesFickm/g136D0/(10-6cm2s-1)896Ds/(10-6cm2s-1)582A/cm210000Cb-Ct/(gL-1)581C/x(gL-1cm-1)-512t/h24Z/cm350043F1/(10-8gcm-2s-1)158F2/(10-8gcm-2s-1)149F3/(10-8gcm-2s-1)12823360h,(3)2,,,;(75cm)(35cm),,19%,PortieljeLijklema(1~2)[5],,[1011];(,),,,,Boudreau,,,[24],3(1),35cm,,(2)(3),,,(4),,:[1]THIBODEAUXLJ,BOYLEJDBedformgeneratedconvectivetransportinbottomsediment[J]Nature,1987,325:341343[2],,,[J]:D,2003,33(8):760768(FANChengxin,ZHANGLu,QINBoqiang,etalEstimationondynamicreleaseofphosphorusfromwindinducedsuspendedparticulatematterinLakeTaihu[J]ScienceinChina:SeriesD,2003,33(8):760768(inChinese))[3],,[J],2004,15(6):775780(ZHU25821Guangwe,iQINBoqiang,GAOGuangVerticaldistributionoftheconcentrationsofphosphorusandsuspendedsolidinTaihulakeaffectedbywindinducedwave[J]AdvancesinWaterScience,2004,15(6):775780(inChinese))[4],,,[J],2007,18(5):668673(GAOYongxia,SUNXiaojing,ZHANGZhanping,etalSimulatedstudyonconcentrationchangeofdifferentformphosphorusinshallowlakescausedbywindwavedisturbance[J]AdvancesinWaterScience,2007,18(5):668673(inChinese))[5]PORTIELJER,LIJKLEMALEstimationofsedimentwaterexchangeofsolutesinLakeVeluwe,theNetherlands[J]WaterResearch,1999,33(1):279285[6]SANTSCHIPH,BOWERP,NYFFELERUP,etalEstimatesoftheresistancetochemicaltransportposedbythedeepseaboundarylayer[J]LimnologyandOceanography,1983,28(5):899912[7]HALLPOJ,ANDERSONLG,RUTGERSVANDERLOEFFMM,etalOxygenuptakekineticsinthebenthicboundarylayer[J]LimnologyandOceanography,1989,34(4):734746[8]DADEWB,HOGGAJ,BOUDREAUBPPhysicsofflowabovethesedimentwaterinterface[C]//BOUDREAUBP,JRGENSENBBThebenthicboundarylayerNewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,2001,443[9],,[J],1996,11(2):191197(WUFengchang,WANGuojiang,CAIYurongBiogeochemicalprocessesatthesedimentwaterinterface[J]AdvancesinEarthScience,1996,11(2):191197(inChinese))[10]JRGENSENBB,REVSBECHNPDiffusiveboundarylayersandtheoxygenuptakeofsedimentsanddetritus[J]LimnologyandOceanography,1985,30(1):111122[11]ARCHERD,EMERSONS,SMITHCRDirectmeasurementofthediffusivesublayeratthedeepseafloorusingoxygenmicroelectrodes[J]Nature,1989,340:623626[12]GUNDERSENJK,JRGENSENBBMicrostructureofdiffusiveboundarylayersandtheoxygenuptakeoftheseafloor[J]Nature,1990,345:604607[13]STEINBERGERN,HONDZOMDiffusionalmasstransferatsedimentwaterinterface[J]JournalofEnvironmentalEngineering,1999,125(2):192200[14]RYH,HUETTELM,JRGENSENBBTransmissionofoxygenconcentrationfluctuationsthroughthediffusiveboundarylayeroverlyingaquaticsediments[J]LimnologyandOceanography,2004,49(3):686692[15]RIBERHH,WETZELRGBoundarylayerandinternaldiffusioneffectsonphosphorusfluxesinlakeperiphyton[J]LimnologyandOceanography,1987,32(6):11811194[16]HOUSEWA,DENISONFH,SMITHJT,etalAninvestigationoftheeffectsofwatervelocityoninorganicphosphorusinfluxtoasediment[J]EnvironmentalPollution,1995,89(3):263271[17]HOUSEWA,DENISONFHExchangeofinorganicphosphatebetweenriverwatersandbedsediments[J]EnvironmentalScienceandTechnology,2002,36:42954301[18],,[J],2006,17(2):170175(GAOZengwen,ZHENGXila,iWUJunwenExperimentalstudiesonsaltexchangebetweenfreshwaterandsedimentsinapolderreservoir[J]AdvancesinWaterScience,2006,17(2):170175(inChinese))[19]POISSONA,PAPAUDADiffusioncoefficientsofmajorionsinseawater[J]MarineChemistry,1983,13:265280[20]LERMANAGeochemicalprocesses:waterandsedimentenvironments[M]NewYork:JohnWiley&Sons,1979:73120[21],,,[J],2008,23(1):276279(GAOZengwen,ZHENGXila,iXUQinxuan,etalEstimationofbulkdiffusioncoefficientsinnearshoresandysedimentsbyresistivitymethod[J]ProgressinGeophysics,2008,23(1):276279(inChinese))[22]KHLM,REVSBECHNPBiogeochemicalmicrosensorsforboundarylayerstudies[C]//BOUDREAUBP,JRGENSENBBThebenthicboundarylayerNewYork:OxfordUniversityPress,2001:180210[23]JRGENSENBB,DESMARAISDJThediffusiveboundarylayerofsediments:Oxygenmicrogradientsoveramicrobialmat[J]LimnologyandOceanography,1990,35(6):13431355[24]BOUDREAUBPSolutetransportabovethesedimentwaterinterface[C]//BOUDREAUBP,JRG