ANSI-ISA-75.11.01-1985(R2002) Inherent Flow Charac

InherentFlowCharacteristicandRangeabilityofControlValvesReaffirmed19November2002ANSI/ISA–75.11.01–1985(R2002)FormerlyISA–75.11–1985(R1997)AMERICANNATIONALSTANDARDISATheInstrumentation,Systems,andAutomationSociety–TMANSI/ISA–75.11.01–1985(R2002)FormerlyANSI/ISA–75.11–1985(R1997)InherentFlowCharacteristicandRangeabilityofControlValvesISBN:1-55617-826-3Copyright©2002byISA—TheInstrumentation,Systems,andAutomationSociety.Allrightsreserved.Notforresale.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans(electronicmechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise),withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofthePublisher.ISA67AlexanderDriveP.O.Box12277ResearchTrianglePark,NorthCarolina27709-3-ANSI/ISA–75.11.01–1985(R2002)PrefaceThispreface,aswellasallfootnotesandannexes,isincludedforinformationpurposesandisnotpartofANSI/ISA-75.11.01-1985(R2002).ThisdocumenthasbeenpreparedaspartoftheserviceofISATheInstrumentation,Systems,andAutomationSocietytowardagoalofuniformityinthefieldofinstrumentation.Tobeofrealvalue,thisdocumentshouldnotbestaticbutshouldbesubjecttoperiodicreview.Towardthisend,theSocietywelcomesallcommentsandcriticismsandasksthattheybeaddressedtotheSecretary,StandardsandPracticesBoard;ISA;67AlexanderDrive;P.O.Box12277;ResearchTrianglePark,NC27709;Telephone[phone];Fax[phone];E-mail:[e-mail]cesDepartmentisawareofthegrowingneedforattentiontothemetricsystemofunitsingeneral,andtheInternationalSystemofUnits(SI)inparticular,inthepreparationofinstrumentationstandards.TheDepartmentisfurtherawareofthebenefitstoUSAusersofISAstandardsofincorporatingsuitablereferencestotheSI(andthemetricsystem)intheirbusinessandprofessionaldealingswithothercountries.Towardthisend,thisDepartmentwillendeavortointroduceSI-acceptablemetricunitsinallnewandrevisedstandards,recommendedpractices,andtechnicalreportstothegreatestextentpossible.StandardforUseoftheInternationalSystemofUnits(SI):TheModernMetricSystem,publishedbytheAmericanSocietyforTesting&MaterialsasIEEE/ASTMSI10-97,andfuturerevisions,willbethereferenceguidefordefinitions,symbols,abbreviations,andconversionfactors.ItisthepolicyofISAtoencourageandwelcometheparticipationofallconcernedindividualsandinterestsinthedevelopmentofISAstandards,recommendedpractices,andtechnicalreports.ParticipationintheISAstandards-makingprocessbyanindividualinnowayconstitutesendorsementbytheemployerofthatindividual,ofISA,orofanyofthestandards,recommendedpractices,andtechnicalreportsthatISAdevelops.CAUTION—ISAADHERESTOTHEPOLICYOFTHEAMERICANNATIONALSTANDARDSINSTITUTEWITHREGARDTOPATENTS.IFISAISINFORMEDOFANEXISTINGPATENTTHATISREQUIREDFORUSEOFTHEDOCUMENT,ITWILLREQUIRETHEOWNEROFTHEPATENTTOEITHERGRANTAROYALTY-FREELICENSEFORUSEOFTHEPATENTBYUSERSCOMPLYINGWITHTHEDOCUMENTORALICENSEONREASONABLETERMSANDCONDITIONSTHATAREFREEFROMUNFAIRDISCRIMINATION.EVENIFISAISUNAWAREOFANYPATENTCOVERINGTHISDOCUMENT,THEUSERISCAUTIONEDTHATIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEDOCUMENTMAYREQUIREUSEOFTECHNIQUES,PROCESSES,ORMATERIALSCOVEREDBYPATENTRIGHTS.ISATAKESNOPOSITIONONTHEEXISTENCEORVALIDITYOFANYPATENTRIGHTSTHATMAYBEINVOLVEDINIMPLEMENTINGTHEDOCUMENT.ISAISNOTRESPONSIBLEFORIDENTIFYINGALLPATENTSTHATMAYREQUIREALICENSEBEFOREIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEDOCUMENTORFORINVESTIGATINGTHEVALIDITYORSCOPEOFANYPATENTSBROUGHTTOITSATTENTION.THEUSERSHOULDCAREFULLYINVESTIGATERELEVANTPATENTSBEFOREUSINGTHEDOCUMENTFORTHEUSER’SINTENDEDAPPLICATION.HOWEVER,ISAASKSTHATANYONEREVIEWINGTHISDOCUMENTWHOISAWAREOFANYPATENTSTHATMAYIMPACTIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEDOCUMENTNOTIFYTHEISASTANDARDSANDPRACTICESDEPARTMENTOFTHEPATENTANDITSOWNER.ADDITIONALLY,THEUSEOFTHISDOCUMENTMAYINVOLVEHAZARDOUSMATERIALS,OPERATIONSOREQUIPMENT.THEDOCUMENTCANNOTANTICIPATEALLPOSSIBLEAPPLICATIONSORADDRESSALLPOSSIBLESAFETYISSUESASSOCIATEDWITHUSEINANSI/ISA–75.11.01–1985(R2002)-4-HAZARDOUSCONDITIONS.THEUSEROFTHISDOCUMENTMUSTEXERCISESOUNDPROFESSIONALJUDGMENTCONCERNINGITSUSEANDAPPLICABILITYUNDERTHEUSER’SPARTICULARCIRCUMSTANCES.THEUSERMUSTALSOCONSIDERTHEAPPLICABILITYOFANYGOVERNMENTALREGULATORYLIMITATIONSANDESTABLISHEDSAFETYANDHEALTHPRACTICESBEFOREIMPLEMENTINGTHISDOCUMENT.THEUSEROFTHISDOCUMENTSHOULDBEAWARETHATTHISDOCUMENTMAYBEIMPACTEDBYELECTRONICSECURITYISSUES.THECOMMITTEEHASNOTYETADDRESSEDTHEPOTENTIALISSUESINTHISVERSION.ThefollowingindividualsservedasmembersofISASubcommitteeSP75.11,whichpreparedthe1985standard:NAMECOMPANYH.Baumann,ChairmanH.D.BaumannAssociates,Ltd.M.Hellman,SecretaryCashco,Inc.J.ArantE.I.duPontdeNemoursandCompany,Inc.H.BogerMasoneilanDivision,McGraw-EdisonCompanyP.BuckleyE.I.duPontdeNemoursandCompany,Inc.J.BureshRetiredC.CrawfordUnionCarbideCompanyG.Keith(AlternateMember)MasoneilanDivision,McGraw-EdisonCompanyR.PfeifferUnionCarbideCompanyF.ShinskeyTheFoxboroCompanyJ.SimonsenValtek,Inc.G.StilesRetiredR.TerhuneExxonCompany,U.S.A.S.WeinerMonsantoCompanyP.SchafbuchFisherControlsInternational,Inc.ThefollowingindividualsservedasmembersofISASubcommitteeSP75.11andreaffirmedthestandardin2002:NAMECOMPANYH.Baumann,ChairHBServi