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题目660MW超临界直接空冷燃煤电厂性能分析学院名称机械与储运工程学院专业名称热能与动力工程学生姓名学号指导教师赵洪滨教授起止时间:2015年3月1日至2016年6月19日单位代码:11414学号:2012011050摘要-I-摘要火力发电是我国主要的供电模式,我国是一个富煤的国家,丰富的煤资源决定了火力发电以燃煤为主的格局。但常规燃煤电站存在着较多的问题,如能源利用率低、能耗高等问题。因此深入了解火电系统的能耗分布规律,准确量化热能利用过程中能量损失大小,对火电系统的节能降耗与优化运行具有重要意义。本文以660MW燃煤机组为研究对象,利用能量分析法和热力学第二定律中的熵增理论进行分析,通过建立整个热力系统的工作流程图和性能计算模型,并结合相关数据处理及可靠性分析方法,获得了不同工况下火电系统热力性能的变化规律与经济指标数值范围。通过分析可知,汽轮机中压缸效率最高,效率约为97%,高压缸和低压缸效率随着负荷的增加而增加。锅炉效率约为93%,其随着负荷的增大而增大。发电煤耗在高负荷下约为292.67g·kW-1·h-1,机组热效率在高负荷下为41%左右。通过火电系统的整体热力性能计算及可靠性分析,为火电机组热力系统的高效运行与节能优化提供了一定的指导依据。关键词:火力发电;节能降耗;熵增理论;可靠性分析;热力性能摘要-II-PerformanceAnalysisof660MWSupercriticalDirectAirCooledPowerPlantABSTRACTThermalpowergenerationisthemainpowersupplymodeinChina,thereisprolificcoalinchina,abundantcoalresourcesdeterminethepatternofthermalpowergenerationwithcoalbased.Buttherearemanyproblemsinconventionalcoal-firedpowerstation.Suchaslowenergyutilization,highenergyconsumptionandsoon.So,deeplyunderstandtheenergyconsumptiondistributionofthermalpowersystemandaccuratequantificationenergylossduringheatenergyutilization,whichhasimportantsignificanceforsavingenergyandreducingconsumptionandoptimizingoperationofthermalpowersystem.Thispapertakesthe660MWcoalfiredunitastheresearchobject,itwasanalyzedbyusingthemethodofenergyanalysisandthesecondlawofthermodynamicsinthetheoryofentropy,theworkingflowchartandperformancecalculationmodelofthewholethermodynamicsystemareestablished,andthen,combinedwithrelevantdataprocessingandreliabilityanalysismethod,fromthat,weobtainedthevariationlawofthethermalperformanceofthermalpowersystemunderdifferentworkingconditionsandthenumericalrangeofeconomicindex.Throughanalysis,turbinecylinderefficiencyisthehighest,theefficiencyisabout97%,theefficiencyofhighpressurecylinderandlowpressurecylinderincreaseswiththeincreaseofload.Boilerefficiencyisabout93%,itincreaseswiththeincreaseofload.Thecoalconsumptionofpowergenerationunderhighloadisabout292.67g·kW-1·h-1,unitthermalefficiencyunderhighloadisabout41%,throughcalculationandreliabilityanalysisofthermalperformanceofthermalpowersystem,Itprovidessomeguidancefortheefficientoperationandenergysavingoptimizationofthethermalsystemofthethermalpowerplant.KeyWords:ThermalPower;EnergyConsumption;EntropyTheory;ReliabilityAnalysis;ThermalPerformance目录-III-目录摘要...........................................................................................................................IABSTRACT....................................................................................................................II引言...........................................................................................................................1第1章绪论...........................................................................................................21.1课题研究背景、目的和意义..........................................................................21.2空冷系统概述..................................................................................................31.2.1概念.......................................................................................................31.2.2直接空冷系统简介...............................................................................31.2.3直接空冷凝汽器结构简介...................................................................41.2.4传统水冷系统简介...............................................................................61.2.5直接空冷机组系统与传统水冷机组系统对比...................................61.3直接空冷机组国内外发展现状......................................................................81.3.1国外空冷技术发展概况.......................................................................81.3.2我国直接空冷机组的发展历程...........................................................91.4本文研究的主要内容....................................................................................10第2章超临界燃煤电厂系统模型建立.....................................................................122.1电站热力系统流程........................................................................................122.2建立数学模型................................................................................................132.2.1汽轮机系统性能计算模型.................................................................132.2.2锅炉系统性能计算模型.....................................................................192.2.3电站热力系统性能指标计算模型.....................................................272.3本章小结........................................................................................................29第3章数据处理与可靠性分析.................................................................................303.1基于最小二乘法的输入数据预处理............................................................303.1.1上下限修正.........................................................................................313.1.2最小二乘法线性拟合.........................................................................323.2基于熵增理论的中间过程参数修正............................................................363.3火电系统热力计算书对输出数据可靠性的验证........................................393.4本章小结............................................................................................
本文标题:中国石油大学(北京)热能与动力工程专业-毕业论文
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