外研版八年级上M5知识点总结

M5LaoSheTeahouse知识点总结●1offerv.提议；提出Linglingofferedtotakemethere./Thelittleboyofferedtheoldmanhisseat.offer一般指主动地提出。常用短语：offersb.sth.(＝offersth.tosb.)提供某物给某人；offertodosth.主动提出做某事●2endn.(时间的)最后一段，末尾v.结束…butintheend,westayedforthreehours./Themeetingwillendat6：30.(1)end作名词，意为“终点，末尾，尽头”。Wedidn'tleaveuntiltheveryend.(2)end作不及物动词，意为“结束，终止”。Theyendedtheplaywithasong.●3Howlongdidyoustay?你们待了多久？该句中的howlong用来询问时间的长短，意为“多长时间”，它还可以用来询问物体的长度。询问时间的长短，回答常用“For＋一段时间”，在现在完成时态中还可用“Since＋时间点”回答。—HowlonghaveyoustayedinHefei?—__For__threeyears./__Since__2011.●4showv.展示；显示n.演出；表演Theplayhasthreeactsandshowsthelivesofcommonpeople.Pleaseshowmeyournewsweater.show作动词时，常见用法为showsb.sth./showsth.tosb.，意为“把某物展示给某人”。如果sb.和sth.都是代词，只能用“showsth.tosb.”结构。showsb.around意为“带某人参观……”。(2)show用作名词时，意为“展览，表演”，常用搭配为onshow，意为“在展览”。Manyancientrelicsareonshowinthemuseum.●5commonadj.普通的；一般的Theplayhasthreeactsandshowsthelivesofcommonpeople.[拓展]common还可以作名词。常见短语：havesthincommon共同；共有Hehasalotincommonwithhisfather.●6ifconj.如果；若IfyouliketheBeijingOpera,traditionalmusicormagicshows,youcanenjoythemattheteahouse.Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,we'llgototheGreatWall.if是连词，意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，可以放在主句前，也可放在主句后。如果放在主句前，从句要用逗号与主句隔开。若主句为一般将来时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。●7…andwasnamed“thePeople'sArtist”.该句中的“wasnamed”是被动语态，benamed意为“被叫作……”，也可写成becalled。其主动语态是name/callsb.sth.，意为“叫某人……”。Thatstreet__is____named/called__“HepingStreet”．We__name/call__thatboyXiaoming.●8LaoSheTeahousegivesawarmwelcometoeveryone......该句中的“giveawarmwelcometosb.”意为“热情地欢迎某人”，相当于“givesb.awarmwelcome”。WegavetheAmericanteacherawarmwelcomeattheparty.模块语法聚焦五动词不定式(一)—动词不定式作宾语可以接带“to＋动词原形”作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask,choose,agree)，期望决定学习(expect,decide,learn)，宁可假装计划(prefer,pretend,plan)，希望想要愿意(wish,hope,want,wouldlike/love)。Wedecidedtotalktosomestudentsaboutwhytheywentthere.Hepreferstoeatbreadandrice./I'dlovetovisitMexico.decide,know,learn,show,teach,tell等动词可用“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式短语”作宾语，但特殊疑问词why后面一般接从句。Couldyoupleasetellmewheretoparkmycar?(3)有些动词后既可接动词不定式，也可接v.­ing形式，有些表达的意义相同，如begin,start等，有些则不同。①stoptodosth.停下来去做某事/②stopdoingsth.停止做某事③forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/④forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事⑤remembertodosth.记得去做某事/⑥rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事⑦trytodosth.努力做某事/⑧trydoingsth.尝试做某事双宾语1.概念：在英语中，有些动词后可以接两个宾语，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语，这两个宾语称为双宾语。2.结构：及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语/及物动词＋直接宾语＋to/for＋间接宾语。3.接双宾语的动词：可以接双宾语的动词很多，常见的有give,bring,lend,pass,send,show,leave,buy,tell,teach,sell等。Canyoupassmethesalt?/MrWangteachesusEnglishthisterm.4.直接宾语提前(1)在具体表达中，我们可以把直接宾语提前，但要借助于介词to或for。Hegavemeapresent.＝Hegaveapresenttome.Myparentsboughtmeanewbike.＝Myparentsboughtanewbikeforme.(2)双宾语中接to的动词有give,show,pass,lend,take,send,teach等；双宾语中接for的动词有buy,cook,read,get,sing,make等。()1.Youareverytired.Pleasestop________arest.A.havingB.tohaveC.hasD.tohaving()2.Jackieaskedme________anything.A.nottouchB.nottouchedC.nottouchingD.nottotouch()3.Canyoushowus________abike?A．howtomendB．whattobuyC．wheretogoD．howmanytobuy()Myparentsalwaystellme________morevegetablesandfruit.A.eatB.eatingC.eatsD.toeat()5.—Youlooksotired.—Mymothermakesme________playingthepianofor2hourseveryday.A.practiceB.topracticeC.practicingD.practiced