初中数学知识点全总结(完美打印版)

-1-.1.(1))0pq,p(pq.0.0-a+a(2):2.3(1)00(2)0a+b=0ab.4.(1)00(2))0a(a)0a(0)0a(aa)0a(a)0a(aa5.12003456-0-0.-2-6.10a0aa1ab=1abab=-1ab.7.1230.81a+b=b+a2a+b+c=a+b+c.9a-b=a+-b.10123.111ab=ba2abc=abc3ab+c=ab+ac.120a.1312n:(-a)n=-an(a-b)n=-(b-a)n,n:(-a)n=an(a-b)n=(b-a)n.14121510a310na.16..17..18....-3-.1.2.3.41.2.3.4.-4-11.2ax+b=0xaba0.3,,,,,,,,,,1,,.41:,,,,-----.2:,,,,.111=22=23=24=+=-5=2101=-%1006C=2RS=R2C=2(a+b)S=abC=4aS=a2S=(R2-r2),V=abcV=a3V=R2hV=31R2h.-5-...1.2.3.4.n(n-1)/2-6-1.2.3.4.5.1526256.7.8.9.101211.-7-12.12313.123,,,,.:,,,.:,,,1.aba,b2.3.xy4.PPxyxya,bP5.-8-1.2.3.4.5.6.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.18012nn-221803601nn-3n-22n23)-n(n-9-1.1ax+by=c(a0,b0)2.3.4.5.6.7.,,,.:,.:-10-1.2.3.4.15.6.7.123-11-1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.-12-1.23.1SAS2ASA3SSS4AAS5HL4.5.().-13-)()()32,21()32,21()()3,2,1()3,2,1,0(1.2.123453.4.5.6.607.60608.309-14-321000.0kbbb321000.0kbbb1.xax2=axaa00a0,a2.xax2=axa3.04.005.a-a00)0,0(0,0babababaabba.1.x,yy=kx+b(k0),yx(x,y),b=0,yx2.y=kxk0(0,0)3.y=kxk0k0y=kx,yx(1)(2)(3)(1)(3)(2)-15-k0y=kx,yxy=kx+b:k0,yx;k0,yx4.1.:nmnmaaa(m,n)2..mnnmaa)((m,n)).(),()(,nanaannn3.1:,2:34:22))((bababa5:2222)(bababa6.:,,,nmnmaaa(a0,mn,mn).:0,a0.001,)0(10aa,1100,(-2.50=1),00.0-p(p),p,ppaa1(a0,p),0-1,0-3;a0,a-p;a0,a-p,41(-2)2-,81)2(3.-16-7::.8.,.1.2.3.(1),,;(2);(3),;(4),;(5).-17-1.A/BABBB0(fraction)AB2.03.(14.:0A/B=A*C/B*CA/B=AC/BCA,B,CC5.:,.,.6.1.:,.a/cb/c=ab/c2.:,,,.a/bc/d=adcb/bd3.:,,.a/b*c/d=ac/bd4.:(1).,.a/bc/d=ad/bc(2).:a/bc/d=a/b*d/c7.:.8.:(,);;(,,,).-18-.1.yxkkk0xy=k1kxyxky12.y=xy=-x3.:k0yxk0yx4.|k|.-19-ACBD1.abca2b2=c2a,b,ca2b2=c22.3.1.2.3.1.2.3.4.4.5.6.-20-7.AC=BD8.1.2.3.9.10.11.1.2.3.12.S=1/23abab13.14.15.1.2.16.17.18.19.20.1.:2.(median)-21-3.mode4.(range)5.-22-aa0a,0=01.2.3.1234.5.-23-.2x??ax2+bx+c=0a0ax2+bx+c=0a0ax2abxbc1x+m2=nn021(x+p)2=qq0x=-pqq0,13ax2+bx+c=0a0abcax2+bx+c=0b2-4ac0?abcx=242bbaca().-24-1.2.036031801804.-25-1.2.3.4.5.6.7.POPPOPOPOrPOPOrPOPOr8.3,9.5RrRrPPR+rP=R+rR-rPR+rP=R-rPR-r10.11.12312.13.9014.1.C=2r=d2.S=r^2;3.l=nr/18015.S=R^2-r^25.S=rl-26-.1.xyy=ax^2+bx+c(aabc)yx2.y=ax2+bx+c(a0)2()yaxhk224()24bacbyaxaa12()()yaxxxx3.2bxa24(,)24bacbaay0c4.a0yxyxa0yxyx5.1234x5y6.yxO-27-12()yaxhkh,k2xy7.x1,x2122xxx8.a,b,c1a2ba9.y=ax2+bx+cxx1,x2ax2+bx+c=0a0y=ax2+bx+cy=0ax2+bx+c=024bac0x24bac=0x24bac0x-28-.1.2.:1.(),2.,3.,,4.,3.:1.2.4.:1.(2.3.-29-1.RtABC(1)AAsinAA(2)AAcosAA(3)AAtanAAA(4)AAcotaAA2.asinacosatanacota30123233345222211603212333-30-