Unit-1--Encyclopedia.

1Unit1Encyclopedia.inventor发明家1.Hewantstobeafamousinventorinthefuture.将来他想成为一名著名的发明家。2.BenjaminFranklinwasnotonlyaninventorbutalsoafamouswriter.本杰明·富兰克林不仅是一位发明家还是一位著名作家。【总结】inventor是名词,意为“发明家”,如例1和例2。【拓展】invent是inventor的动词形式,意为“发明”。例如:Doyouknowwhoinventedthecomputerfirst?你知道谁第一个发明了电脑吗?invention是名词,意为“发明”。例如:Ithinkthecameraisoneofthemostusefulinventions.我认为相机是最有用的发明之一。born出生1.Hewasborninapoorfamily.他出生于一个贫困的家庭。2.Whenshewasborn,itwasrainingheavily.当她出生时,外面下着大雨。【总结】beborn意为“出生,如例1和例2。【拓展】birth是born的名词形式,意为“出生”。例如：Shegavebirthtoababyboy.她生了一名男婴。ability才能;能力1.Mikehastheabilitytocommunicatewithothers.马克有与人沟通的才能。2.It’shardtomeasurehisabilitywhenwehaven’tseenhisworks.没有见过他的作品,很难估计他的能力。【总结】ability意为“才能，能力”,如例1和例2。【拓展】able是ability的形容词,意为“能够;能”。例如:Sheisabletospeakthreeforeignlanguages.她能够说三门外语。include包括;包含1.Infact,thepriceincludesthetax.实际上,该价格含税。2.You’dbetterincludesomefunnystoriesinyourspeech.最好在你的演讲中含有一些有趣的故事。【总结】include是动词,意为“包括，包含”,如例1和例2。win获胜;赢1.Iamveryhappythatourteamwonthematch.我很高兴我们队赢得了比赛。22.Ifyouwin,youwillgetachancetotravelabroad.如果你获胜,你将会获得去国外旅游的机会。【总结】win是动词,意为“获胜，赢”,如例1和例2。【拓展】winner是win的名词形式,意为“胜利者,优胜者”。例如:Hewasthewinnerintherunningrace.他是跑步比赛的冠军。Structureanalysis[长难句解析]1.Hispaintingsareveryfamous,andone,TheMonaLisa,isperhapsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld.他的画非常有名,而且其中的《蒙娜丽莎》或许是世界上最有名的一幅画作了。【解析】and连接两个并列的句子。TheMonaLisa是one的同位语。themostfamouspainting意为“最著名的画作”,含有形容词最高级的短语作表语。2.Nobodyknowswhy.没有人知道这是为什么。【解析】why引导了一个宾语从句,为了避免重复,省略了“theyallsuddenlydiedout”。补全整个句子则为“Nobodyknowswhytheyallsuddenlydiedout”。Structureimitation[句式仿写]1.DinosaurslivedonEarthmorethan60millionyearsbeforehumanbeings.恐龙先于人类6千万年生活在地球上。【解析】morethan,意为“多于”。例如:Therearemorethantwentypassengersonthebus.在公共汽车上有20多名乘客。2.Somedinosaurswereassmallaschickens.一些恐龙像小鸡一样小。【解析】as…as,意为“和……一样”。例如:Mydressisasbeautifulasyours.我的裙子和你的裙子一样漂亮。1.bebornin生于……2.inthecountryside在乡村;在农村3.learntodosth学会做……4humanbeing人5.dieout灭绝;消失6.learnabout了解7.inthecenterof...在……的中心38.remembertodo…记得要做……9.usedtodosth过去常常做……10.befamousfor以……出名11.findout了解(到),弄清12.goforawalk去散步13.breakopen破开,破裂14.climbout爬出来15.bigattractions大的景点16.takepicturesof给……拍照17.indryweather在干燥的气候中18.beimportanttosb.对某人重要19.atypeof一种20.climbup向上爬,攀登21.learn…from…向……学习……I.根据句意及图片提示写单词,补全句子。1.---Whatareyoudoing,Lucy?---Iamwatchingadocumentary—Walkingwith_________.2.Canyougivebackmy__________?Ineedtouseitnow.43.Peopleincitiesliketogotothe_________foratripbecausetheylikethecleanairthere.4.Theenvironment(环境)needs____________protection.5.Doyouwanttobecomea(n)__________?PleasewatchCCTV10.II.根据要求写出相应的单词。6.birth(动词)_______________7.intelligent(名词)_______________8.sudden(副词)_______________9.inventor(复数)_______________10.able(名词)_______________III.根据句意及首字母提示写单词,完成句子。11.N________hereknowstheanswertothequestion,soweshouldgotoaskothers.12.Myroomisnotbig.H________,itisverycomfortable.13.Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano,andshee________doeswellinsinging.14.Myworkdoesn’ti_________makingcoffeefortheboss.Itshouldbeyours.15.Newtonwasafamouss_________intheworld.5IV.用括号里词的适当形式填空,完成句子。16.Johnusedto________(eat)fish,butnowhedoesn’t.17.Helovesplayingtheviolinverymuchandhewantstobea__________(music)inthefuture.18.Amongsomany_________(invent),Ilikephonesmost.19.Allofusshouldlearn__________(think)independently(独立地).20.Pleaseremember__________(bring)yourhomeworktomorrow.V.从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空,补全句子。learnabout,forexample,dieout,humanbeing,inthecountryside21.MrGreenusedtolikelivingincities,butnowhelikesthelife_________________.22.Ifyouwantto______________dinosaurs,youmayreadthisbook.23.Ithink_______________areclevererthananimals.24.Ifwedon’tprotectChineseriverdolphins,theywill________.25.Wecanhelptheoldpeopleinmanyways.__________,wecanhelpthemcleantheirhouses.II.从方框中的七个选项中选出五个合适的句子补全对话。A.Howdidyoudothat?B.Therearedifferentkindsofencyclopaedias.C.Soundsinteresting!D.IthinkIwonjustbecauseIliketoreaddifferentbooksinmydailylife.E.Whydidyoudothat?F.Soyoumustbeveryhard-working.G.Ithinkyou’reright.Dick:Hi,Doris.Yougotfirstprizeintheknowledgecompetition.(4)_____Doris:Infact,Ididn’tthinkIwouldgotthetopgrade.(5)______Dick:Well,whatkindofbooksdoyouliketoread?Doris:Encyclopaedias.(6)_____Youcanfindeverythingthatyouareinterestedin.Thenyoucangetmuchknowledgefromthem.Dick:(7)_______Doris:Yeah,itisreallyinteresting.Butitalsotookmemuchtime.Dick:(8)_______Doris:Yeah.IoftenwrotedownsomeusefulthingswhenIwasreading.语法运用Grammarinuse一、some和any的用法1.some和any意为“一些”,作为限定词,修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。一般情况下,some常用于肯定句,6any常用于否定句和疑问句。例如:Ihavesomegoodnewstotellyou.---Isthereanyorangejuiceinthebottle?---No,thereisn’tanyorangejuiceinthebottle.2.当表示请求、建议,或期望得到对方肯定回答时,some也可用于疑问句。例如:Wouldyoulikesometea?MayIhavesomebread?3.当肯定句中含有否定意义词hardly,never,seldom等时,需用any。例如:Ineversayanywordstohim.Heseldomhasanychanceofvisitinghisteacher.二、somebody,anybody,nobody,etc.somebody(someone),anybody(anyone),nobody(noone),something,anything,nothing等都属于不定代词。1.some和any的用法规则同样适用于somebody,anybody,something,anything等不定代词。somebody和something一般用于肯定句,anybody和anything一般用于否定句和疑问句。当表示请求、建议,或期望得到对方的肯定回答时,somebody和something