英文学术论文常用替换词

1.individuals,characters,folks替换people,persons.2.positive,favorable,rosy,promising,perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding,superior替换good.rosy；adj.蔷薇色的，玫瑰红色的；美好的；乐观的；涨红脸的3.dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse,ill替换bad（如果bad做表语，可以有belessimpressive替换。）Adverse；adj.不利的；相反的；敌对的（名词adverseness，副词adversely）4.anarmyof,anoceanof,aseaof,amultitudeof,ahostof,ifnotmost替换many.ifnotmost:即使不是大多数5.asliceof,quiteafew替换some.asliceof:一片，一份6.harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat,holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat替换think。harborv/n庇护；怀有7.affair,business,matter替换thing.8.shared替换common.9.reaphugefruits替换getmanybenefits.10.formypart,frommyownperspective替换inmyopinion.11.Increasing,growing替换moreandmore（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）12.littleifanything或littleornothing替换hardly.13.beneficial,rewarding替换helpful.14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser替换customer.15.overwhelmingly,exceedingly,extremely,intensely替换very.16.hardlynecessary,hardlyinevitable…替换unnecessary,avoidable.17.indispensable替换necessary.18.sthappealstosb.,sth.exertsatremendousfascinationonsb替换sb.takeinterestin/sb.beinterestedin.19.captureone'sattention替换attractone'sattention.20.facet,dimension,sphere替换aspect.21.beindicativeof,besuggestiveof,befearfulof替换indicate,suggest,fear.22.giveriseto,leadto,resultin,trigger替换cause.23.Thereareseveralreasonsbehindsth.替换…reasonsforsth.24.desire替换want.25.pourattentioninto替换payattentionto.26.bearinmindthat替换remember.27.enjoy,possess替换have（注意process是过程的意思）。28.interaction替换communication.29.frownonsth替换beagainst,disagreewithsth.30.asanexample替换forexample,forinstance.31.nextto/virtuallyimpossible替换nearly/almostimpossible.32.regarding/concerning替换about.33.crucial/paramount替换important.34.第一（inthefirstplace/thefirstandforemost）；第二（thereisonemorepoint,Ishouldtouchon,that…）；第三（thelastbutnottheleast）.35.assiduous替换hard-working.36.arduous替换difficult.37.underdeveloped/financially-challenged替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.38.demonstrate/manifest替换show.39.invariably替换always.40.perilous/hazardous替换dangerous.41.formidable替换difficult.42.quintessential替换typical（举例时常用，例如：aquintessentialexampleshouldbecitedthat=forexample;forinstance）.43.distinguished替换famous.44.feasible替换possible.45.consequently,accordingly替换so.46.通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Resultsindicate,infer,suggest,implythat……47.最常见的引述别人观点的词汇Muchoftheresearchinsexualselectioninthelasttwodecadeshasexaminedhowafemale’spreferencethatdoesnotinfluenceherimmediatereproductivesuccesscanstillevolveifitisgeneticallycorrelatedwithanothercharacterunderdirectselection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)Twohypothesesforfemalepreferenceevolution—runawaysexualselectionandgoodgenesselection—statethatpreferencesevolveindirectlybecausetheyaregeneticallycorrelatedwithmaletraitsthatareunderdirectselection;Thatis,thepreferencesthemselvesarenotunderdirectselection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state比show更加中立些。)Studiesofreceiverbiasessuggestthatsuchanalogiesmightnotbebroadlyapplicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)Burleyarguedthatthepreferenceforredbeaksisadaptivebecauseitindicatesmalehealth,andthispreferenceisthentransferredtoleg-bandcolor.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)Accordingtotheanti-monotonyhypothesis,habituationplaysanimportantroleintheevolutionofcomplexvocalizationsinsongbirds:Increasedsongcomplexityreduceshabituationofneighboringmalesandcourtingfemales.(根据…)Previousstudiesofacousticandbioluminescentinteractionshademphasizedpotentialadvantagestogroup-signalingorganization,suchasminimizingpredation,preservingspecies-specificsignalcharacters,orincreasingtheattractivenessofthegroup.(带有小小的强调)48.常见的连接词有，However,also,inaddition,consequently,afterwards,moreover,Furthermore,further,although,unlike,incontrast,Similarly,Unfortunately,alternatively,parallelresults,Inorderto,despite,Forexample,Comparedwith,otherresults,thus,therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AAadvocateditforthefirsttime.接下来可用ThenBBfurtherdemonstratedthat.再接下来，可用Afterwards,CC……如果还有，可用MorerecentstudiesbyDD……