高考长难句分析

1解析高考英语阅读中的长难句学习目标：1.回忆三种基本句子类型（简单句，复合句，并列句）2.长难句的类型及分析方法3.长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练Step1;判断下面句子的类型。(1)Wetookpityonthepeopleinthedisaster-hitareainYushuandmanystudentsraisedmoneyforthem.(2)Havingsufferedanumberofhealthproblems,formerOlympicPresidentSamaranchdiedonApril21inBarcelona.(3)TheInternetisanexcitingtoolthatnotonlyputsvastinformationatyourfingertipsbutexpandsoptions.Step2:结构分析法明晰句子结构，把握句子的基本框架。A.判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；B.找出句子的主干成分(主语和谓语)，分清句子附属成分，理解句子大意。C.层层分析，层层剥离1),带有较多成分的简单句----去枝叶,留主干。画出句子主干SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,tohelpreduceunemploymentpressures.2).含有多个从句的复合句----找从属连词，分析从句，理解句意。Whereasawoman’sclosestfemalefriendmightbethefirsttotellhertoleaveafailingmarriage，itwasn’tunusualtohearamansaythathedidn’tknowthathisfriend’smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenightaskingifhecouldsleeponthesofa.2句子中的连词都有什么？他们分别引导什么从句？句子的意思是__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.含有插入语的句子----忽略插入成分，直奔句子主题。这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中插入一些或长或短的成分或句子，比如同位语（从句）、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义，造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。有时有逗号或破折号分开，Thelackofrightmale(男性的)rolemodelsinmanyoftheirlives—athomeandparticularlyintheschoolenvironment(环境)—meansthattheirpeersaretheonlypeopletheyhavetojudgethemselvesagainst.(2008辽宁卷C篇)Sciencehasbecomesoimportantinthemodernworld,withitsproceduressohighlystandardizedandsowidelyaccepted,thatitisincludedamongmodernsocialinstitutions.翻译上面两个句子。4.成分省略----把握大意,找出上文对应信息,补充省略成分Themagazineismale-targetingbecauseyoungguysgenerallywon’tpickupamagazinethatappearstobedirectedatfemales,whereasgirlsusuallywill.句子末尾will后省略了什么？5.倒装句----确定主语,调整语序,把握大意.Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.句子的主语是_____________________,这句话的意思是_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________3长难句之小试牛刀篇,画出句子的主干，并试着口头翻译。1.Iwasdiscussingthisproblemrecentlywithacolleaguewhohadbeenbeatinghisheadagainstthewallformonthstryingtogetastoryaboutamysterious“darkforce”incosmology(宇宙学)pasteditorsatNewYorker.2.MobilephoneSIMcardswhichareputinthecollars(项圈)ofelephantsautomaticallysendatextmessagewhentheygettooclosetofarms,allowingwildlifeworkerstodrivethemoffratherthanshootthem.Step3高考考场篇：1.(2017年全国1卷完形填空)LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermyloveforASL.（美式手语）句意：____________________________________________________分析：此句为__________，little为_________，当否定词位于________时，句子要使用__________倒装。9.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解B篇)ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.（同位语从句、让步状语从句）句意：__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________分析：本句的主干是_______________________________________。其中，grewoutof...later为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词_____________；后面的althoughtherewas...liveTV为__________引导的_________从句，解释说明___________的内容。此外，同位语从句中还包含了一个__________引导的让步状语从句。12.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读理解D篇)Backin1983,twoscientists,JackSchultzandIanBaldwin,reportedthatyoungmapletreesgettingbittenbyinsectssendoutaparticularsmellthatneighboringplantscanget.(宾语从句、非谓语动词、定语从句)句意：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4分析：本句中that引导____________从句，作reported的宾语，从句中包含一个__________引导的定语从句，修饰先行词smell。gettingbittenbyinsects为________________作后置定语，修饰mapletrees。13.(2017年全国Ⅱ卷阅读七选五)Ifsomeoneknocksandit’snotanimportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou’rebusysotheycangetthehint(暗示）thatwhenthedoorisclosed,you’renottobedisturbed.句意为：________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________分析：本句为____________引导条件状语从句。在主句中，you’rebusy是know的宾语从句；___________引导结果状语从句，在结果状语从句中包含一个that引导________________，解释说明_________的内容。同时同位语从句又包含了一个__________引导时间状语从句，因此句子的主句为__________________________________14.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解B篇)Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated.（定语从句）句意：_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________分析：本句中which引导____________________，修饰先行词___________；此外，定语从句中又包含一个where引导的___________________。15.(2017年全国Ⅲ卷阅读理解D篇)TheIntelligentTransportteamatNewcastleUniversityhaveturnedanelectriccarintoamobilelaboratorynamed“DriveLAB”inordertounderstandthechallengesfacedbyolderdriversandtodiscoverwherethekeystresspointsare.句意：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________此句为__________句，句子的主干是_________________________________________________