380638--应链管理与服务管理讲义--fuweiti

供應鏈管理與服務管理企業管理實務供應鏈管理與服務管理前言Case1:Uniload(速食式)製造模式Case2:聯強Discussion前言IT的演進何謂供應鏈管理供應鏈管理五大要素Balance,optimizeCustomerservicesInventoryEfficiencyOptimizingCollaborationRe-engineeringIntegrationAutomation•Supplychainintegration•Leveragee-Commerce•asakeycompetitiveweapon•Rapidreconfigurationandintegration•IntegratedERP•Externalintegration(EDI,etc)•MRPII•InitialERPdevelopments•Systemsintegration•MRP•Optimizationofindividualfunctions1970’s1980’s1990’s2000DataSource:SAP•MaterialRequirementsPlanning(MRP)comealongway.InformationTechnologyEvolutionManufacturingMaterialFlowForecastShippingShopFloorSystemCustomerOrderInventoryManagementReceivingPurchasingOrderItemMasterBOMMaterialPlanningMPSMRPFlowChartandMRPLogicBOMMPSInventoryStatusRecordInterdepartmentalDemandOrdersFirm/ForecastsAggregateProductPlanMRPLogicMRPInputsMRPOutputsMRPPlannedOrderforPurchasingItemsPlannedOrderforManufacturingItems.PR/POAdjustment.InventoryAnalysis1.Explosion2.Netting3.OffsettingMRP的架構MRP主生產排程MPS*生產什麼WHAT*何時生產WHEN*生產多少HOWMUCH用料表BOM庫存資料計劃採購訂單PQ*用什麼料*用多少*生產什麼*何時生產*生產多少*買什麼*何時買*買多少*有什麼*有多少計劃製造訂單MOInventoryStatusRecord•現有庫存量•在途訂單(OpenPR/PO)•材料主檔(ItemMaster)MRPLogic產品X裝配製造之MPS(MasterProductionSchedule)計畫期123456預定需求量100300200200300預定生產量100200200200200200預計庫存量1002001001001000MPS(MasterProductionSchedule)•主生產排程BOM(BillOfMaterials)=ProductStructureTree•材料清單Explosion(展開)XAPBNQPDZCPLevel1Level2Level3Level4(1)(1)(2)(1)(1)(1)(2)(1)(2)(3)Z:1P:5Q:2D:?MRPLogicNetting1,200100?300200MRPLogic+-+=總需求可用存貨數計算淨需求毛需求預留存貨存貨數預計到貨數淨需求OffsettingMRPLogic請購單發出貨到倉庫全部採購前置時間計作採作發訂運時收檢倉畫業購業出單輸間貨驗儲供應廠商備料及生產採購前置時間的組成因素何謂供應鏈管理1.從原料開始到成品最終消費者的過程中,供應商和使用者這些公司連結的程序.2.指公司內部和外部可以生產產品和提供服務給客戶的價值鏈(ValueChain).而供應鏈管理(SupplyChainManagement)的定義則為:供應鏈中各項活動的計畫`組織與控制(Theplanning,Organizing,andcontrollingofsupplychainactivities)Source:APICSE-SupplyChainManufacturersDistributorsandResellersComponentSuppliersDirectConsumersLogisticsprovidersRetailerBankEnterprisePortal供應鏈電子化模式B計畫A/D計畫C計畫E計畫供應鏈模型MaterialFlowInformationFlowStrategicBusinessUnitRelationshipManagementCustomersRetailersDistributionCentersManufacturers1stTierSuppliers1stTierSuppliers2ndTierSuppliers2ndTierSuppliers2ndTierSuppliers資料來源:SupplyChainCouncil供應鏈管理五大要素供應鏈管理五大要素PLANDemand/SupplyPlanningandManagement.SOURCESourcingStocked,Build-to-Order,andBuild-to-ConfigurationProduct.MAKEBuild-to-Order,Build-to-Stock,andBuild-to-ConfigurationExecution.DELIVERYOrder,Warehouse,TransportationandInstallationManagementforStocked,Build-toOrderandBuild-to-Configuration.RETURNReturnofRawMaterials(toSupplier)andReceiptofReturnsofProducts(fromCustomer),includingDefectiveProducts,MROProducts,andexcessProducts.Case1:Uniload製造模式TheTrendofPCIndustryWhat’sUniloadStructureofCustomizationDelayDifferentiationBenefitsofUniload製造模式演進原廠委託製造OEM(OriginalEquipmentManufacturing)原廠委託設計製造ODM(OriginalDesignManufacturing)自有品牌製造OBM(OwnBrandManufacturing)專業代工製造CEM(ContractElectronicManufacturing)全球運籌管理GLM(GlobalLogisticsManufacturing)TheTrendofPCIndustry-1TheTrendofPCIndustry-2生產模式:計劃生產BuildToPlan(Stock)接單生產BuildToOrder接單組裝BuildToConfiguration(CustomizationManufacturing)＊交貨由7天-5天-2天(955-982)生產的型態1.存貨式生產(Build-to-Stock)2.訂單式生產(Build-to-Order)3.訂單式裝配(Build-to-Configuration)*標準化產品*以成品階為主生產排程*以訂單設計生產*以主要原料作預測*以半成品作為主生產排程*成品依照客戶訂單裝配組合問題:從交期和存貨的角度考慮應選擇何種生產型態?成品原料成品原料半成品成品WhatisUniloadUnilaodisainnovativeSKDshippingsystem,whichcansaveyourmoneyonimportduty,inventorycostandimprovecustomersatisfaction.‧Just-In-Time.AdvanceInformationSystem.VendorManagementInventory.DelayedDifferentiationConceptofUniloadBuildtoStock–TheguessinggameRetailerTier2SupplierTier1SupplierManufacturer100%PushBuildtoOrder–1ststeptonextgenerationLowerInventoryLevelsATP/CTPPullPush100%pullbasedsolution–Whereweneedtobe...ATP/CTP100%PullBasedLowerInventoryLevelsAcrosstheValueChainVMI由供應商管理庫存以掌握銷售資料。藉由VMI，供應商可以更有效的計劃，更快速的反應市場變化，更能滿足消費者需求。傳統通路用訂單補貨，VMI則由供應商主動補貨。上下游成員必須建立資訊系統，密切溝通，並維持良好關係。推動VMI可能會遭遇到什麼問題？‧Basedplatform:Housing+MainBoard.Optionitems:CPU,Memory,HDD,CD-ROMDVD-ROM,S/W……StructureofCustomization-1StructureofCustomization-2FinishedGoodHSFReadyforCustomerSPSFDDDIMMCPUMotherboardSlotBoardAdd-onCardS/WHDDCDROMKeyboardMouseManualDisketteSupplierDellDelayDifferentiationDelayDifferentiation-存貨投資問題:依照貴公司的生產型態及策略，存貨投資應擺在那一階，有多少最適合?~~~~~~原料半成品製成品~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~客戶BenefitsofUniloadImproveInventoryTurnAroundEnjoyImportDutyReduction&ShippingCostFlexibilityforProductsAssemblyMinimizeInventoryRiskShortenOrderLeadtimeCase2:聯強國際3PL解決方案公司簡介營運方向的確立基礎建設的建立定義-3PLMurphy&Poist(2000)“Arelationshipbetweenashipperandthirdpartywhich,hasmorecustomizedofferings,encompassesabroadernumberofservicefunctionsandischaracterizedbyalonger-termmoremutuallybeneficialrelationship.”林正章“實務上第三者專業物流公司常被理解為提供運輸`倉儲以及貼標籤與重新包裝等簡易流通加工的業者..然而,實質上,第三者物流公司亦應是企業推動供應鏈管理`諮商`規劃以及執行的重要夥伴.“專業物流公司之定位營業預測製造研究開發資材物流生產計劃製造行銷及銷售業務及倉庫結合銷售物流顧客服務庫存管理運費支付結果報告專業物流公司負責之部分公司簡介-11974年-神通電腦成立，為台灣第一家本土電腦公司1988年-聯強國際成立，資本額新台幣2億元，由苗豐強任董事長、杜書伍任總經理。MIS運作達到即時性的要求。MIS運作達到即時性的要求。1989年-創立LEMEL品牌。1990年-確立拓展資訊、通訊通路業務，潛心研究通路結構，決定採取「開放式通路」經營，首創銷售、