中小学万圣节英文介绍

万圣节OriginCostumesTraditionsofHalloweenPhrasesandexpressionSymbolsofHalloweenComparisonOctober31stisHalloweenHalloweenisoneoftheworld’soldestholidays,celebratedinseveralcountriesaroundtheworldincludingtheUSA,Canada,England,Ireland,Scotland,Mexico,LatinAmerica,andSpain.万圣节是世界上最古老的节日之一，在10月31日这天，有许多国家，如：美国,加拿大,英格兰,爱尔兰,苏格兰,墨西哥,拉丁美洲,西班牙等，都会庆祝万圣节的来临。OriginofHalloween万圣节起源Jack-o-lanternsPeoplehavebeenmakingJack-o-lanternsonHalloweenforcenturies.ThepracticeoriginatedfromanIrishmythaboutamanknownas“StingyJack.”StingyJackonedayinvitedtheDeviltohaveadrinkwithhim.Notwantingtopayforthedrink,hetrickedtheDevilintoturninghimselfintoacoin,andthenputtheDevilintohispocketnexttoacrossthatpreventedtheDevilfromchangingbackintohisoriginalform.JackfreedtheDevilaftertheDevilpromisednottobotherJackor,shouldhedie,claimhissoul.Jack-o-lanterns万圣节刻杰克南瓜灯的习俗已经有几世纪的历史了。为什么要取名为杰克呢？在爱尔兰人的传说中有个有名的小气杰克。有一天小气杰克请魔鬼喝酒，喝完后，小气杰克却小气地不想付钱，所以他就骗魔鬼，要魔鬼把自己变成一枚硬币，魔鬼变成硬币后，小气杰克迅速地把硬币放在口袋里，和十字架放在一起，以防魔鬼变回原形。之后，魔鬼对小气杰克发誓，他绝对不会对小气杰克报仇，也保证杰克死了也不会让他下地狱。这时，小气杰克才让魔鬼变回原形。Eventually,whenJackdiddie,GodwouldnottakehimintoHeaven,andtheDevil,whohadpromisednottoclaimJack’ssoul,couldnottakehimintoHell.Thus,theDevilsentJack’sspiritintothenightwithonlyaburningcandletolighthisway.JackputthecandleintoacarvedturnipandhasbeenroamingtheEartheversince.TheIrishbegantorefertothisghostlyfigureas“JackoftheLantern,”andthensimplyas“Jack-o-lantern.”到小气杰克死掉后，上帝不允许他进入天堂，而魔鬼曾答应过他不会让他下地狱，所以杰克死后哪都去不了。因此，魔鬼就让他的灵魂漂泊在黑夜里，只留给他一根燃烧的蜡烛来指引他．从此以后，杰克就把蜡烛放在挖空刻好的萝卜里，并且一直留在人间吓人。爱尔兰人一开始称之为杰克的南瓜灯笼(JackoftheLantern)，后来简称为杰克南瓜灯(Jack-o-lantern)。TraditionsofHalloween许多关于Halloween的习俗，包括变装打扮，不给糖就捣蛋的游戏，打彩罐的游戏，刻南瓜灯笼等习俗，都可以追溯到凯特尔人Samhain节。ManyofthetraditionsassociatedwithHalloweencanbetracedbacktotheancientfestivalsofSamhain,suchascostuming,trick-or-treating,pinata,pumpkincarving.万圣节的传统习俗WhatdochildrendoonHalloween?•Theytrickortreat.•Theywearcostumes.•Theycarvepumpkinlanterns.•Theywatchscarymovies.•Theyvisithauntedhouses.ActivitiesandgamesofHalloween万圣节的活动和游戏•TheywatchscarymoviesTheywearcostumes.Theyplaytrick-o’-treatAndonHalloweennightwe'ddressupinMomorDad'soldshoesandclothes,putonamask,andbereadytogooutside.Thelittlekids(childrenyoungerthanwewere)hadtogowiththeirmothers,butweolderoneswenttogethertoneighbors'houses,ringingtheirdoorbellandyelling,Trickortreat!meaning,“Giveusatreat(somethingtoeat)orwe'llplayatrickonyou!ThepeopleinsideweresupposedtocometothedoorandcommentonourcostumesTheyplaypinata.SymbolsofHalloweenModerndayHalloweencelebrationsusemanysymbolstohelpmaketheholidaymoreinteresting.Doyouknowwhattheyare？现代人用许多东西来庆祝万圣节，让这个节日变得更有趣。你知道有哪些东西吗？万圣节的象征蝙蝠是其中一项，因为蝙蝠只住在坟墓，洞穴和废弃的教堂或建筑物中，又因为蝙蝠常令人联想到女巫或吸血鬼，因此他们被视为邪恶的象征。在传说中，女巫和吸血鬼可以化身成蝙蝠，又因为吸血蝙蝠是唯一一种饮血维生的哺乳类动物，因此蝙蝠常让人联想到死亡或邪恶的仪式。BATSBecausebatsonlyflyatnightandliveintombs,caves,andabandonedchurchesandbuildings,theyarebelievedtobeomensofevil.Theyarecommonlyassociatedwithwitchesandvampires.Itissuperstitionthatwitchesandvampirescantaketheformofabat.Sincethevampirebatistheonlymammalthatfeedsonblood,theyareoftenlinkedtodeathandoccultrituals.Spiders&WebsWhilemanyculturesfeelthatthespiderandwebrepresenttheweavingoflife,inreferencetoHalloween,theyrepresentdark,spookyplacesandhauntedhouseslongforgotten.很多文化都视蜘蛛和蜘蛛网为编织生命的象征，但在万圣节，他们却象征着黑暗，恐怖的地方或长久被遗忘的鬼屋。WITCHES女巫因为会算命又会下好咒语和坏咒语，人们相信女巫们的能力在10月31日这天会最强，所以让很多人很害怕她们。几世纪以来，女巫的形象改变许多，以前人们认为，女巫都是绿皮肤，长的很老，脸上布满皱纹。现在则很多人认为女巫的能力可以是邪恶或具有智慧的。Witcheswerethoughttobetellersoffortuneandtocastspells,bothgoodandbad.ThisfrightenedmanybecauseitwasbelievedthatthesepowerswerethestrongestonHalloweennight.Theimageofawitchhaschangedgreatlyoverthecenturies.Oncethoughttobeold,wrinkled,greenskinnedhags,manypeopleassociatewitchcrafttoeitherevilorasbeingwise.Broomsticks女巫和扫把形影不离已有几世纪之久，通常女巫会骑着扫把在夜晚飞行，而她们的同伴黑猫会坐在扫把的另一端陪着她们飞行．会什么女巫会和扫把形影不离呢？因为在万圣节那天，通常会下着雨，而女巫们需要用扫把扫掉地上的大水坑，或地上的积水以便行走。Witchesandbroomsticksgohandinhand.Theyhavebeenassociatedforcenturies.Often,witchesaredepictedridingthemacrossthenightskywithablackcatononeend.ItisbelievedthatbecauseHalloweenoccurredduringtherainyseason,womenusedtheirbroomstickstovaultoverlargepuddlesandtosweepwateroutoftheirpathswhilewalking.Thus,thetwobecameassociated.Ghosts&SkeletonsGhostsareuniversalsymbolsforthedeparted.Skeletonsandbonesaresymbolsofdeathandshortnessoflife.SinceHalloween’soriginslieasthefestivalofthedead,itseemsonlyfittingthatghostsandskeletonswouldbeused.鬼魂是公认的死亡象征﹔骷髅象征死亡和短暂的生命。既然万圣节一开始就是一个鬼节，当然鬼魂和骷髅就理所当然成了万圣节必见的东西。owl[aʊl]blackcatmaskmoonOWLSSuperstitionssuggestthatowlsatethesoulsofthedyingbyswoopingtoEarth.Owlsscreechesandtheirglassystareareanomenofdeathanddisaster.Theowlisrarelyseenduringthedayandisassociatedwithnightbehaviors.传说中，猫头鹰会从天空俯冲下来吃掉人的灵魂。猫头鹰的叫声和眼神让人联想到死亡和灾难。再者，猫头鹰很少在白天出现，也都让人不得不认为他们是属于黑暗和恐怖。BLACKCATSCats,forcenturies,havebeenconsideredtobespiritualanimalsthathavetheabilitytosensegoodandbadspirits.Westernsuperstitionsdetailthatblackcatsareabletorepresentspiritsorincarnatedhumans,therebylinkingthemtowitchcraft.Blackisalsothecolormostcommonlyassociatedwithevil.从几世纪前，人们就认为猫是一种有灵性的动物，它们能感应到好或坏的灵魂。