高考英语一轮复习-Unit2-English-around-the-World阅读理解全方位训练4必

2014届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit2EnglisharoundtheWorld阅读理解4第Ⅳ组AEnglishTeachingintheU.S.A.TheUnitedStatesofAmericaismainlyanEnglish-speakingcountry.ThemajorityofthepopulationspeakEnglishastheirnativelanguage.Business，education，socialactivities，etc.areconductedinEnglish.Acrossthecountry，peoplepronouncemanyEnglishwordsinseveraldifferentways，butforthemostpart，Americansspeakonecommonlanguage.ThislanguageissometimescalledAmericanEnglish.However，noteveryoneintheU.S.A.isanativespeakerofEnglish.Mostimmigrantsarespeakersofotherlanguages.TherearehundredsofcommunitiesaroundtheU.S.A.whereEnglishisnotthemostcommonlyusedlanguage.Chinese，Italian，German，Greek，Spanish，andFrenchareallspokeninvariouscommunitiesintheU.S.SpanishisthesecondmostcommonlyspokenlanguageafterEnglish.ItiswidelyspokeninNewYorkandacrossthesouthernpartofthecountry.Forspeakersofotherlanguages，learningEnglishisimportant，butteachingpeopletospeakEnglishasasecondlanguagewasgivenlittleattention.Non-Englishspeakerswereexpectedto“pickup”thelanguagebymeetingwithothersinpublic.Recently，thishaschanged.Today，mostlargepublicschoolsandcommunitycollegeshaveESL（EnglishasaSecondLanguage）programs：AmericanEnglishteachersfeelthatEnglishstudentsshouldlearnthelanguagethewaytheywilluseit.Therefore，ESLprogramsofferdifferentEnglishlessonstodifferentstudents.SomeprogramsteachstudentstocommunicateinEnglishinpublic.OtherprogramsteachthekindofEnglishpeoplewillneedfortheirjobs.AmericanESLinstructionalmethodsdonotlayemphasisongrammarortranslation，butontheimportanceofcommunication.ThegoalistogettheEnglishlearnerstolearnbyusingthelanguage.1.PeopleintheUnitedStates.A.areallnativespeakersofEnglishB.speakEnglishinvariouswaysC.allspeakAmericanEnglishD.areimmigrantsfromEnglish-speakingcountries2.Inthepastthenon-Englishimmigrants.A.didn’tknowhowtolearnEnglishB.foundthatEnglishwasnotimportantC.learnedEnglishthroughbooksD.paidspecialattentiontoteachingEnglish3.isthemostwidelyusedlanguageexceptEnglishintheU.S.A.ESLB.FrenchC.SpanishD.Chinese4.Thephrase“pickup”inthesecondparagraphmeans“”.A.trytomasterB.repeatagainandagainC.gotoschoolsometimesD.learnwithoutstudyingortakinglessons5.ESLprogramsteachthestudents.A.onlygrammaticalrulesandidiomsB.touseEnglishthroughpracticeC.differentlanguagesD.tolearnEnglishbytranslatingtheirownnativelanguagesintoEnglish【语篇解读】本文是说明文。全文说明了美国的英语教育，尤其是在移民背景下的ESL教学培训。1.B细节理解题。由第一段的Acrossthecountry，peoplepronouncemanyEnglishwordsinseveraldifferentways，butforthemostpart，Americansspeakonecommonlanguage.可知，他们说英语的方式不同。2.A推理判断题。由第二段的Non-Englishspeakerswereexpectedto“pickup”thelanguagebymeetingwithothersinpublic.可以推断出，他们还没有找到合适的学习英语的方法。3.C细节理解题。由SpanishisthesecondmostcommonlyspokenlanguageafterEnglish.我们可以得出答案。4.D词义猜测题。由后面的bymeetingwithothersinpublic我们可以知道，pickup在这里指“不经过课程学习”。5.B细节理解题。由最后一段的AmericanEnglishteachersfeelthatEnglishstudentsshouldlearnthelanguagethewaytheywilluseit.可知，他们通过实践学习英语。BToday，wecompleteourstoryabouttheinfluentialEnglishwriterWilliamShakespeare.Hewroteplaysandpoemsduringthelatefifteenthandearlysixteenthcenturies，whichremainverypopulartoday.Duringearliertimes，peoplewouldprobablyhavelearnedseveralancientRomanandGreekplays.Itwasnotunusualforwriterstoproducemorecurrentversionsoftheseworks.Forexample，inShakespeare’splayTheComedyofErrorsShakespeareborrowedcertaindetailsfromtheancientRomanwriterPlautus.ForhisplayMacbeth，ShakespearemostlikelyusedaworkonScottishhistorybyRaphaelHolinshedforinformation.Shakespearemighthaveborrowedfromotherwriters，buttheintensity(强度)ofhisimaginationandlanguagemadetheplayshisown.Whilemanyplaysbyotherwritersofhistimehavebeenforgotten，Shakespeareandhisartliveon.Shakespearewasalsoinfluencedbytheworldaroundhim.HedescribedthesightsandsoundsofLondoninhisplays.Hisworksincludeobservationsaboutpoliticalstruggles，thefearofdiseases，andthepopularlanguageofthecity’stradesmen.Shakespeare’sknowledgeoftheEnglishcountrysideisalsoclear.Hisworksincludedescriptionsofdeepforests，localflowersandtheancientpopulartraditionsofruralpeople.ItwouldbeimpossibletolistallofthewaysinwhichShakespeare’sworkshaveinfluencedtheworldculture.ButthefirstandgreatestexamplewouldbehisgreatinfluenceontheEnglishlanguage.Duringhistime，theEnglishlanguagewaschanging.Manynewwordsfromotherlanguageswerebeingadded.Shakespeareusedhissharpmindandpoeticinventivenesstocreatehundredsofnewwordsandreworkoldones.Forexample，hecreatedthenounformsof“critic”，“mountaineer”and“eyeball”.ManycommonexpressionsinEnglishcomefromhisplays，including“pompandcircumstance(装腔作势)”fromOthello，“fullcircle(绕圈子)”fromKingLear，etc.ThelistofculturalcreationsinfluencedbyShakespeareisalmostendless.Frompaintingstotelevisiontomusicanddance，Shakespearewaswellrepresented.Shakespeare’splayshavebeentranslatedintoeverymajorlanguageintheworld.Shakespearebecameawell-knownwriterduringagoldenageoftheater.Hisyearsofhardworkpaidoff.6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ManyofShakespeare’sworkswereinfluencedbyearlierwritings.B.Shakespearewashard-workingwhenhewasastudent.C.TheexperienceoflivinginLondonhelpedalotwithShakespeare’sworks.D.Shakespeareb