八年级英语数词、冠词外研社(初中起点)知识精讲

用心爱心专心初二英语数词、冠词外研社（初中起点）【本讲教育信息】一.教学内容：数词、冠词［教学内容］一.基数词（一）基数词1~12是独立的单词。例：one/two/three/four/five/six/seven/eight/nine/ten/eleven/twelve（二）13~19基本上是在3~9后加-teen构成。但13，15，18有点特殊。例：thirteen/fourteen/fifteen/sixteen/seventeen/eighteen/nineteen（三）20~90的整十位数是在3~9后加-ty构成，但20，30，40，50有点特殊。例：twenty/thirty/forty/fifty/sixty/seventy/eighty/ninety（四）“几十几”是由十位数词加连字符“-”加个位数合成。例：twenty-one/twenty-two（五）英语中无“万”的单位，但有“百”、“千”、“百万”。表达方式如下：Onehundred一百onethousand一千tenthousand一万Onehundredthousand十万onemillion一百万tenmillion一千万（六）三位数数词要在百位和十位之间加and.例：365threehundredandsixty-five（七）1000以上的数字要先把数字分段，从后向前数每三位数空1/4格，倒数第一个空格前的数位为千（thousand），第二个空格前的数位为百万（million）。例：47635848forty-sevenmillionsixhundredandthirty-fivethousandeighthundredandforty-eight.二.序数词（一）序数词除了first,second,third有各自的形式外，其余的都是基数词上加-th构成，但以-y结尾的基数词要变y为ie再加th，以-ve结尾的要变ve为f再加th。以-t结尾的直接加-h。十位以上的基数词变成序数词时，只把个位数变成序数词即可，十位不变。变化口诀：8去t，9去e，ve变f，y变ie。（二）序数词的缩写形式是由阿拉伯数字加上序数词的最后的两个字母构成。例：1st/2nd/3rd/…三.冠词是虚词，一般放在所说明的名词前面，用来说明名词所指的人或物。冠词分为定冠词the和不定冠词a,an两种。定冠词的用法用心爱心专心（一）特指某（些）人或某（些）物，或由上下文可知所指的东西非常明显，或特指的范围内的人或物。例：BeijingisthecapitalofChina.（二）用于第二次提到的人或事物的名词前。例：Isawafilmlastnight,thefilmisaboutascientist’slife.（三）用于世界上独一无二的事物前。例：Themoonmovesroundtheearth.（四）用于说话双方都知道的人或事物前。例：Pleasepassmetheball.不定冠词的用法不定冠词有a和an，表示“一”或“一个”。a用于辅音开头的词前，an用于以元音开头的词前。例：adeskaboyanappleanhour（一）第一次提到某人或某物时，用a,an起介绍作用。例：Myfatherisadriver.（二）用于可数名词前表示泛指一类人或事物。例：Astudentshouldstudyhard.（三）用来表示数量，含有“一”的意思，也可以表示单位、数量、长度、时间等，含有“每”的意思。例：Ihaveabluejacket.Hedrivesat80milesanhour.不用冠词的情况1.在球类运动名称、一日三餐、学科、棋类游戏前一般不用冠词。例：playfootballhavebreakfasthavesupperWelikeEnglishandmathematicsverymuch.2.在表示交通手段的介词短语中。例：Youcangetthereonfoot.3.在季节、日期、星期前不用冠词，但当它们后面带有修饰语时，它们前面就要加定冠词the。例：IwillvisityouinAugust.OnMondaywehavetwoChineselessons.4.节日前一般不用冠词。例：NewYear’sDayTeachers’Day用心爱心专心【模拟试题】（答题时间：30分钟）选择填空：（一）1.Haveyouseensuch________interestingfilmbefore?______filmisabout_______naughtyboynamedTom.A.an,The,anB.an,The,aC.a,The,anD.an,A,an2.________Greensarehaving________breakfastathome.A./,theB./,/C.The,/D.The,the3.Hereis_______oldbook.And__________oldbookisJack’s.A.an,theB.an,anC.the,anD.a,the4.________bookonthedeskis______usefulone.A.The,anB.A,aC.The,aD.The,/5.__________girlsittingatthedeskismyfriend.A.AB.TheC.AnD./6.Jimlikestoplay__________footballandison__________schoolteam.A./,theB./,/C.the,theD.a,a7.Myteacheroftencomesto________schoolby_________bus.A.the,theB./,aC./,theD./,/8.Thereis__________“r”intheword“short”.A.aB.anC.theD./9.Mathis_________usefulsubject.Youcan’tdropit,Ithink.A.anB.aC.theD./10.Smithis__________honestman.A.aB.theC.anD./11.---Whatcoloris_________orange?---It’s_________orange.A.ananB.an,theC.an,/D./,an12.Wecan’tsee_________sunat________night.A.a,/B.a,theC.the,/D.the,the13._________angryboyattheschoolgateisLiPing,mybestfriend.A.TheB.AC.AnD./14._________BrownsaregoingtotheparkthisSunday.A.AB.AnC./D.The15.We’llgiveourEnglishteacheracardfor_________houseinit.A.anB.aC.theD./16.Lookat______picture!There’s________houseinit.A.a,/B.the,theC.a,theD.the,a17.Onemorninghefound________handbag.Therewas_______“s”onthecornerof______handbag.A.a,an,theB.a,a,theC.a,a,aD.the,an,a18.Let’sgooutfor________walk.A.anB.aC.theD./19.Thiskindof_________bikeismadeinTianjin.用心爱心专心A.anB.aC.theD./20.Ihave________dog._________dogisverylovely.A.a,AB.the,TheC.a,TheD.the,A（二）1.Morethantwo_______yearsago,peopleknewlittleabouttheuniverse.A.thousandsB.thousandsofC.thousandofD.thousand2.Nearlynine_________treeshavebeenplantedalongthelakesince1998.A.hundredB.hundredofC.hundredsD.hundredsof3.________dollarsisalotofmoney.A.SixthousandB.SixthousandsofC.SixthousandsD.Sixthousandof4.Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousandsixhundredandtwenty-six?.A.85662B.85626C.58662D.586265.Itisover_________yearssinceourPartywasfoundedin1921.A.seventyB.ninetyC.eightyD.eightieth6.Thereareusually________daysinayear.A.threehundredsixty-fiveB.threehundredandsixty-fiveC.threehundredsixtyfiveD.threehundredsandsixty-five7.Ilike____bestinthisbook.A.LessonOneB.LessonFirstC.thelessononeD.firstlesson8.Whattimeisit?It’s__________.A.forty-fivepastfourB.fourpastforty-fiveC.forty-fivefourD.fifteentosix9.Septemberis___________monthoftheyear.A.nineB.ninthC.aninthD.theninth10.Ittakesme________tofinishmyhomeworkeveryday.A.ahalfandtwohourB.twohourandahalfC.twoandahalfhourD.twoandahalfhours11.Tomhascollectedabout_______Chinesestamps.A.twohundredforty-sixB.twohundredandforty-sixC.twohundredfortysixD.twohundredsandforty-six12.Howfarisitfromyourhometoyouroffice?_________walk.A.TwentyminutesB.Twentyminutes’C.Twentyminute’sD.Twenty-minutes13.Therearetwentyboysinourclass.________arefromAmerica.A.TwotheyB.ThesecondC.TwoofthemD.Thetwoofthem14.Mr.Smithhasa____son.A.tenyearsoldB.tenyearold用心爱心专心C.ten-years-oldD.ten-year-old15.BeforehewenttoAmerica,Mr.Lihadlearned__________Englishwords.A.hundredsofB.hundredofC.threehundredsD.threehundredsof16.Lucywrotea__________lettertohermother.A.sixhundredwordsB.six-hundredwordsC.six-hundred-wordD.six-hundred-words17.ManypeopleintheworldspeakEnglishas______language.A.