语法填空解题技巧

1语法填空解题归纳掌握句子的基本结构首先，我们必须熟练掌握简单句的基本句型结构：(1)主语+谓语（+宾语+宾补）(2)主语+系动词+表语其次，我们要充分了解充当各个句子成分的典型词类：(1)充当主语或宾语的典型词类是名词或代词。此外，还有动名词、不定式短语等。(2)充当谓语的一定是动词。(3)充当补语或表语的典型词类是形容词。(4)在名词前作定语的典型词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。(5)作状语的典型词类是副词。没有提示词：通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。一个空格只能填一个单词。有提示词：通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级、词类转换等。一个空格可以填多个单词没有提示词一、填冠词(a/an/the)名词/名词短语前没有限定词1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled[40]____goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas[35]___shy,nervousperfectionist.Ayoungman，whiletravelingthroughadesert，cameacrossaspringofclearwater._____waterwassweet.二、填代词(it，one，that，another,other,none,I,we,his等人称)作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，反身代词等1.Heaskedhisteacher，“Sir，thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike____?”2.Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp______ricecropgrowupquickly.3.Raiseyourlegandlet____stayintheairforseconds.三、填介词in,on,at,with,as(作为),before,after,by,from,through,to,for等•注意搭配问题•与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等•与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.3.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_________sale.24.Hewasverytired_______________doingthisforawholeday…四、连词或从句引导词(1)连接两个功能对等的单词,短语或句子时，用and,but,or,---(2)if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,when等构成含状语从句的复合句.(3)用who,which,that,when,where,why等构成含定语从句的复合句。（有时往往不给任何提示的空就是填连词或关系词的，但也须结合句子结构来分析。）(4)用that,if/whether(ornot是否)，wh-等构成含名词性从句的复合句。1.Hewasverytiredfrom/afterdoingthisforawholeday,____hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.2.Oncetherelivedarichman______wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.3.Graduallyfourtreasuresaretakenintoconsiderationwhenpeoplejudge________apersoniselegantornot.有提示词一、提示词动词(1)句中没有谓语，或已有谓语，但所填词与他是并列关系，填的词则是谓语动词。时态语态考虑要瞻前顾后.1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.2.Hisfearoffailure________(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.3.Thecountrylifehewasusedto___________(change)greatlysincetheopeningpolicy.4.ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,_______(close)mybookandwalkedaway.(2)若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就考虑用非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式，还是用不定式形式。（todo/tobedoneVing作主语、宾语、宾补；定语或状语，表主动、进行Ved作定语或状语，表被动，完成Todo作主语、宾语、宾补；定语或状语，表主动，将来；表目的1.________(follow)bymanyfans，thesingerwalkedoutofthehall.2.________(follow)thefamoussinger，thecrazyfanswalkedoutofthehall.3.Theworkers__________(build)thebridgecamefromalloverthecountry.34.Thenovels________(write)byMoYanarepopular，attractingmoreandmorereaders.5.________(take)exerciseisofgreatbenefittous.6.________(catch)thefirstbus,hegotupearly.EX.1_________(host)theOlympicsGamesisalsoagreatresponsibility.2.Weallwanttohavetheproblem____________(solve)inapeacefulway.3.Hecan’tsayaword,____________(point)atthenoticeonthewallangrily.4.Thegame__________(design)forchildrentodeveloptheirinterestinmathsispopularwiththekids.5._____(see)thebigsnake,thelittlegirlwasfrightened.6.________(ask)whyhestolethebook,hekeptsilent.二、有提示词词性转化词类转换题要先确定在句中的成分，根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式。(1)转化为名词作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语，在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或“冠词+形容词”后，用名词形式；有时需要注意名词复数。1.Withtherapideconomic________(grow)ofourcountry,wenowareeatingalotoffoodthatishighinsugarandfat.2.…therewasalotofinformationaboutthecity’swell-knowntourist__________(attract)…3.Recognizingyourbadeatinghabitsisofgreat____________(important)incorrectingthebehavior.Ex.1.JohnSnowwasabletoannouncewith__________(certain).2.OnDecember10,theanniversaryofthe________(die)ofNobel3.Iholdthe_________(believe)thatwecanovercomethedifficulties.4.Onhis____________(arrive),hewasgivenawarmwelcome.(2)转化为形容词作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式(若名词之前，系动词之后缺词)。ThathasactuallymademebelievethatIcanmake_________(wonder)dishestoo.Wehadan_________(amaze)conversation.Heis______(help)toothers.Mr.Wangisa_______(fun)teacher.形容词的比较级和最高级•通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级;“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构1.---Theseorangesareonlyadollar.---Well,theyare__________(cheap)thanothers,buttheydon’tlookasgood.2.Shanghaiisoneofthe_______(large)citiesintheword.3.The_________(hard)youtrytostudy,themorelikely(可能的)youwillsucceed.(3)转化为副词副词修饰形容词、动词或整个句子1.______(sad)thelibraryhadmovedfromitsoriginalplaceintoanotherbuilding.42.Wallsmadeofadobe(土坯房）takeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutheat_____（slow）duringcoolnights.Ex.1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid__________(rude).2.Helookedcalm,but________(actual)hewasnervous.3.Motherhasnotyetrecoveredfromtheseriousillness,butherhealthisimproving___________(gradual)daybyday.(四）有可能是词类不用变，主要是考察具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-等，在词根后加-less等1.Hehasstrongdeterminationandisunwilling(willing)togiveuptheopportunity.2.Onemaindisadvantage(advantage)ofthisareaisthatthepublictransportisnotconvenient.Ex.1I_________(like)peoplewhotalkloudlyinpublicplaces.Ithinkitsveryimpolite.2Itis_______(fair)thathegetsverylittleinrewardforhishardwork.3Yo