海洋天然气水合物的形成机理探讨

::2004207205;:20042082141:(:50176051),(:KGCX22SW2309,KGCX2SW2304)1:(19652),,,,,.1,1,2,1(1.,510640;2.,100039):,:,,,,,,;,,,,:;;;:TE122.1+1:A:167221926(2004)0520524207(),MnH2O(M,n),4:ÉÊH()[1]É,()(N2CO2H2S)Ê,,H,ÊHÉÉ[2],01500m[3,4]11.1,2070Bernard[5](R=C1ö(C2+C3))D13CR1000,D13C-90-55;R100,D13C-55;1Kvenvolden,R155200410NATURALGASGEOSCIENCEVol.15No.5Oct.20041(Kvenvolden,1994)(%)()-ODP11299-79-55Kvenvolden,Kastner(1990)ODP11299-65.0-59.6Kvenvolden,Kastner(1990)Eel99-69.1-57.6Brooks(1991)99-63.3,-61.8Ginsburg(1990)DSDP9699-73.7-70.1Pflaum(1986)DSDP9699-71.3Pflaum(1986)Garden99-70.4Brooks(1986)Green99-69.2,-66.5Brooks(1986)Green62,74,78-44.6,-56.5,-43.2Brooks(1986)97-48.2Brooks(1986)5996-44.8-55.7Ginsburg(1992),DSDP8499-71.4-39.5Kvenvolden,McDonald(1985)Jeffrey(1984)DSDP8499-43.6-36.1Kvenvolden(1984)DSDP8499-46.2-40.7Brooks(1985)DSDP1199-80-70Claypool(1973)99-93.8-65.4Kvenvolden,Barnard(1983b)DSDP7699-68.0Galimov,Kvenvolden(1983)ODP16499-65.9-69.7Matsumoto(2000)Mallik99-39.6-48.7Uchida(1999)99-68-70Waseda(2000)D13C:(),,CO2[3](1.0%),WasedaMallik[6],,,,CO2,,,[7],,,,,[8,9],,,,,1990,[10],,[11]2090,[12]525No.5:90,BSR[1315],,[1621],,,(,),,1.2,(1)CO2[22]:CO2+4H2CH4+2H2O()CH3COOH+4H2CH4+CO2(),CO2H2,,R1000,D13C-90-55É[22],99%[3],[9,23](2)120,,,R100,D13C-55,ÊH[24,25]Mallik(3),,(4)19,,(),,,,,,,,,,,,Horita[26]:2:99%,,:,,CO2;,;,625Vol.154:();;;()[27],,,10-8cm3ög,[28],,,,,,,Egeberg[29],,,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,(),,,?,,,,211,,11(,),,(),,,,,,,,,,BSR,BSR,,725No.5:,,,,,,,,Kvenvolden[30],2121,,22,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(3)3,,,,,,,3,BSR[1315],,,10005000m,,,,,825Vol.15,,,,,,,,,:[1]KonstantinA,UchidinKA,RipmeesterJA.Acomplexclathratehydratestructureshowingbimodalguesthydration[J].Nature,1999,397:4202423.[2]RipmeesterJA,TseJS,RateliffeCI,etal.Anewclathratehydratestructure[J].Nature,1987,325:1352136.[3]KvenvoldenKA.Areviewofgeochemistryofmethaneinnaturegashydrate[J].OrganicGeochemistry,1995,23(11ö12):99721008.[4]LashofDA,AhujaDR.Relativecontributionsofgreenh2ousegasemissionstoglobalwarming[J].Nature,1990,344:5292531.[5]BernardB,BrooksJM,SackettWM.Ageochemicalmodelforcharacterizationofhydrocarbongassourceinmarinesediments[A].Proceding9thAnnualoffShoreTechnologyConference[C].Houston:OffshoreTechnologyConference,1977.4352438.[6]WasedaA,UchidaT.Originofmethaneinnaturalgashyd2ratesfromtheMackenzieDeltaandNaikaiTrough[A].ProceedingsoftheFourthInternationalConferenceonGasHydrates[C].Hiyoshi,2002.1692174.[7]BoetiusA,RavenschlagK,SchubertCJ,etal.Microscopicidentificationofamicrobialconsortiumapparentlymediatinganaerobicmethaneoxidationabovemarinegashydrate[J].Nature,2000,407:6232626.[8],,1[J]1,1998,9(34):128.[9]GinsburgGD,SolovievVA.Methanemigrationwithinthesubmarinegashydratestabilityzoneunderdeep2waterconditions[J].Marinegeology,1997,137:49257.[10].[J].,1990,6:87.[11],.[J].,1999,14(4):24230.[12],.[J]1,1998,(2):17221.[13].[J].,1998,18(4):11218.[14],,,.[J].,2002,22(1):75281.[15],,.[J].,2001,20(2):17241.[17],,.[J]1,2002,21(3):2322239.[18],,,1[J].,2001,17(11):125.[19],,.[J].,2001,17(8):124.[20],,,.[J].,2003,18(1):1382143.[21]PaullCK,MatsumotoR.Leg164overview[A].ProcODPSciResults,164:CollegeStation[C].TX(OceanDrillingProgram),2000.3212.[22]SassenR,SweetST,MilkovAV,etal.Geologyandgeo2chemistryofgashydrates,centralGulfofMexicocontinentalslope[J].GulfCoastAssociGeolSocietiesTrans,1999,49:4622468.[23]BrooksJM,CoxBH,BryantWR,etal.AssociationofgashydratesandoilseepageintheGulfofMexico[J].OrganicaGeochemistry,1986,10:2212234.[24]GinsburgGD,SolovievVA.SubmarineGasHydrate[M].StPetersburg:VniiokeangeologiaNorma,1998.12216.[25]CollettTS.Natural-gashydratesofthePrudhoeBayandKuparukriverarea,NorthSlope,Alaska[J].AAPGBull,1993,77(5):7932812.[26]HoritaJ,BerndtME.Abiogenicmethaneformationandisotopicfractionationunderhydrothermalconditions[J].Science,1999,285:105521057.[27],,1[J].,2001,12(122):11215.[28],,,.[M].:,1999.12173.[29]EgebergPK,DickensGR.ThermodynamicandporewaterhalgenconstraintsongashydratedistributionatODPSite997(BlakeRidge)[J].ChemGeol,1999,153:53279.[30]KvenvoldenKA,KastnerM.Gashydratesoftheperuvianoutercontinentalmargin,Proc[C].ODPSciResults,1999,112:4132440.925No.5:THERESEARCHOFTHEORIGINMECHANISMOFMARINEGASHYDRATEFANShuan2shi1,LIUFeng1,2,CHENDuo2fu1(1.GuangzhouNaturalGasHydrateResearchCenterofCAS,Guangzhou510640,China;2.GraduateSchooloftheChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100039,China)Abstract:Marinegashydratesandtheirresourcedistributionswereintroducedandanalyzed.TheoriginmechanismofGasHydrateswerealsoreviewed.Furthermore,TwoformationmodesnamedStrongSeepageandFeebleSeepagesystemsofMarineGasHydrateswereproposed.Thecharacteristicofthetwomodeswerepointedoutanddiscussed.Finally,MarinegashydratesinSouthChinaSeabasedonStrongSeepagemodewereinvestigated.Keywords:Marinegashydrates;Origin;strongseepage;Feebleseepage.(523)[52]WhiticarMJ,FaberE,SchoellM.Biogenicmethaneforma2tioninmarineandfreshwaterenvironments:COreducyionvs.acetatefermentation2isotopeevidence[J].GeochimetCosmochimActa,1986,50:6932709.[53]BotzR,WehnerH,SchmittM,etal.Thermogenichydro2c