虚拟语气(精华版)

IfIwereaboyI'dputmyselffirstandmaketherulesasIgoIfI_________aswan,I'dbegone.IfI_________atrain,I'dbelate.AndifI_________agoodman,I'dtalkwithyou.MoreoftenthanIdo.IfI_________tosleep,I_________dream.IfI_________afraid,I_________hide.IfIgoinsane,pleasedon'tputyourwiresinmybrain.werewerewerewerewerecouldcould1.Isheaswan?2.Isheatrain?虚拟语气CAROLINE表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。什么是虚拟语气？一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气三、状语从句中的虚拟语气四、几种特殊的虚拟语气从句当中的虚拟语气：真实条件句：Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.Ifhecomes,pleaseletmeknow.Ifyoufeelhungry,youshouldeatsomething.主将从现主祈从现主情从现真实条件句：句型条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will+动词原形祈使句情态动词一般现在时例句:Iftheywerehere,theywouldhelpyou.非真实条件句：时态从句主句表示现在过去时(be---were)should+动词原形would+动词原形could+动词原形might+动词原形一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气1.和现在的事实相反Exercise：IfI————（be）astallasYaoMing,I——————（play）basketball.werewouldplayExercise：IfI_______(sell)amatchtoday,I————（go）homenow.soldcouldgoIfhehadcomeyesterday,Ishould/wouldhavetoldhimaboutit.非真实条件句：时态从句主句表示过去had+过去分词should+have+过去分词would+have+过去分词could+have+过去分词might+have+过去分词2.和过去的事实相反Exercise:IfI__________(take)youradvice,I_________________(notmake)suchamistake.hadtakenwouldnothavemade例句:Ifyousucceededoneday,everythingwouldbeallright.shouldsucceed，weretosucceed非真实条件句：时态从句主句表示将来should+动词原形would+动词原形could+动词原形might+动词原形3.和将来的事实相反1)wereto+动词原形2)should+动词原形3)动词过去式如果上帝再给我一次机会，我会对那个女孩说：“我爱你。”Ifthegodshouldgive/gave/weretogivemeanotherchance,Iwouldtellthegirl,Iloveyou.Exercise:Ifthere_________(be)aheavysnownextSunday，we___________(go)skating.werewouldgo解题步骤：1.判断从句类型（if条件句）2.条件句是否为非真实3.时间/已知谓语动词/语境Exercise：Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgoB1.判断从句类型（if条件句）2.条件句是否为非真实3.时间/已知谓语/语境if条件句非真实对现在虚拟Exercise：Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldprevent1.判断从句类型（if条件句）2.条件句是否为非真实3.时间/已知谓语/语境if条件句非真实对过去虚拟AExercise：IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,ask1.判断从句类型（if条件句）2.条件句是否为非真实3.时间/已知谓语/语境if条件句非真实对将来虚拟CIfyouhadtakenyourmedicineyesterday,youwouldbequiteallrightnow.错综时间虚拟语气Exercise:IfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell,you____now.A)couldn’thavesmiledB)wouldn’tbesmilingC)didn’tsmileD)won’tsmileB1.判断从句类型（if条件句）2.条件句是否为非真实3.时间/语境if条件句非真实主句对现在的虚拟虚拟语气的倒装1.Wereitnotfortheirhelp,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.2.HadIknownaboutit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.3.Shouldanyonecall,pleasetakeamessage.IfitwereIfIhadIfanyoneshouldExerciseWhatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfartherC假设的条件句包含在某些短语、上下文或其他方式中，其谓语也常用虚拟语气。Withoutwater,therewouldbenolife.没有If？含蓄虚拟语气1.Ishouldbehappytogowithyou.IshouldbehappyifIcouldgowithyou.2.Borninbettertimes,hewouldhavebeenascholar.Ifhehadborninbettertimes,he...3.Withoutair,noonecouldlive.Iftherewerenoair,noone...4.Atruefriendwouldnothavebetryedme.Ifhehadbeenatruefriend,hewould...5.Iambusy,otherwIseIwouldgowithyou.IfIwerenotbusy,Iwould...6.Anyonewhohadseenthepaintingmighthavetakenitforaphoto.Ifanyonehadseenthatpainting...7.Don'tbothertoreadallthesepapers.Itwouldtaketoolong.Ifyoureadallthesepapers,It...1.条件隐含在不定式短语中2.条件隐含在分词短语中3.条件隐含在介词短语中4.条件隐含在名词短语中5.条件隐含在某些连词中6.条件隐含在定语从句中7.条件隐含在上下文中介词短语：with,without,under,butfor连词：or,otherwise,but,butthatExercise：ButthatIsawit,I____________________(notbelieve)it.couldn'thavebelievedIfIhadnotseenitIf条件句小结真实主将从现主祈从现主情从现非真实常规虚拟混合虚拟含蓄虚拟二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.wish后面的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。1)与现在事实相反:wish+(that)+did(were)IwishIwereashealthyasyou.2)与过去事实相反:wish+(that)+haddoneIwishIhadbeentotheconcertlastnight.3)与将来事实相反:wish+would/could/might+doIwishhewouldforgiveme.2.在某些动词后的宾语从句需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式（“should”可以省略）。一个坚持insist;两个命令order,command;三条建议suggest,advise,propose;四项要求demand,request,require,ask;注意：若suggest,insist表示为“暗示、表明”和“坚持认为”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyou(should)beill.Yourpalefacesuggeststhatyouareill.（对）Iinsistedthatyou(should)bewrong.Iinsistedthatyouwerewrong.（对）Heorderedthatthestudents____________(wash)theclotheseveryweekbythemselves.Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe____________(have)anoperationatonce.(should)wash(should)haveExercise:3.wouldrather,hadrather,wouldsooner等之后的宾语从句常使用虚拟语气。例句：I'dratheryouhadseenthefilmyesterday.I'dratheryouwereherenow.We'dratheryouwentheretomorrow.过去had+done现在过去时将来过去时宾语从句虚拟小结wish现在，过去，将来强烈语气should+V（原）wouldrather...现在，过去，将来三、主语从句中的虚拟语气1.Itbe+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.2.Itbe+形容词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…形容词:important,necessary,natural,,strange,surprising…Itisnecessarythatwe(should)haveawalknow.3.Itbe+名词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…名词：apity/ashame/nowonderExercise:1.It’ssuggestedthateverybody__________________(buy)adictionary.2.It'simportantthatwe_______________(take)goodcareofthepatient.(should)buy(should)take四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气以下词（suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice,decision...）在表语从句、同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。1.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)leaveatonce.2.Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdam