数字心率计的设计

摘要I摘要本设计采用以AT89S51单片机为核心的低成本、高精度、微型化数字显示心率计的硬件电路和软件设计方法。整个电路采用模块化设计，由主程序、预置子程序、信号采集子程序、信号放大处理子程序、显示子程序等模块组成。本设计采用了红外对管传感器和光电转换原理进一步实现对心率的检测。心率计通过感知手指内的微弱波动来接收信号，可以避免人工听诊器所带来不必要的麻烦。心率传感器采样脉搏信号，采用AT89S51单片机作为控制器，心率传感器输出方波传入单片机，单片机每接收一个脉冲波形，数码管就计数一次。心率次数超限时用蜂鸣器报警。三极管加大功率，驱动器件工作。各探头的信号经单片机综合分析处理，实现心率测量的各种功能。在此基础上设计了系统的总体方案，最后通过硬件和软件实现了各个功能模块。关键词：心率；传感器；滤波器；放大器；显示电路；报警电路AbstractIIAbstractTherapiddevelopmentofsocietytoday,people'smaterialandculturallifehasbeengreatlyimproved,butatthesametime,avarietyofdiseasesthreateningpeople'slife;andtheheartattackisdifficulttopreventthesuddenfataldisease,sohealthisalsomoreandmoreattentionbypeople.Thisdesignistosolvetheproblemthatcanbemeasuredbyheartrate,heartdiseasepreventionofheartdiseaseinthedigitalheartratemeter.Heartrateisanimportantphysiologicalparameterofhumanbody,inmodernmedicine,heartrateforbloodcirculationandcardiacfunctioninfieldresearchhasimportantsignificance.Heartratemeterisusedtomeasurethehumanheartrateinmedicaldevices,highaccuracyratemeterresearchanddevelopmentofmedicalinstrumentisalwaysanimportanttopicinthefieldof.Thisdesignaimstohavethecircuitandhardwareknowledge,designasimpleheartratemeter.Inthedesignofthepulsefrequencyandheartrate,heartratecanbeusedtomeasurethepulsemeasurementisobtained,thereforethedesignofhumanbodypulseasthemeasuringobject.Keywords：Heartrate;sensor;filter;amplifier;adisplaycircuit;alarmcircuit目录III目录摘要.....................................................................................................................................IAbstract..............................................................................................................................II第1章绪论....................................................................................................................11.1课题背景、目的及意义...................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状及存在问题...........................................................................11.3课题的主要问题和研究方法...........................................................................21.3.1设计要求....................................................................................................21.3.2设计内容....................................................................................................2第2章数字心率计总体方案设计................................................................................32.1数字心率计方案设计思路...............................................................................32.2心率计的结构组成和框图...............................................................................32.2.1心率计的结构组成....................................................................................32.2.2心率计的结构框图....................................................................................42.3本章小结...........................................................................................................4第3章心率计的硬件设计............................................................................................53.1AT89S51单片机.............................................................................................53.1.1AT89S51单片机简介..............................................................................53.1.2AT89S51单片机的特点........................................................................53.1.3AT89S51的结构......................................................................................63.1.4工作原理..................................................................................................83.2传感器...............................................................................................................83.2.1传感器的选择与论证................................................................................83.2.2红外线传感器..........................................................................................103.3复位电路.........................................................................................................103.3.1单片机复位电路......................................................................................103.3.2按键电路..................................................................................................113.3.3振荡电路..................................................................................................113.4显示报警模块.................................................................................................123.4.1显示模块的选择与论证..........................................................................123.4.2显示电路..................................................................................................123.4.3报警电路..................................................................................................153.5信号采集电路.................................................................................................16目录IV3.6信号放大电路.................................................................................................173.7信号比较电路.................................................................................................173.8LM358P放大器...........