语法复习第23课时形容词副词用法

1语法复习第2课时形容词、副词备课人年月日教学目标：学习形容词、副词的用法教学重点：作用与位置教学过程及方法：Step1：Oralwork:Self-introductionStep2.Revision:Reviewtherulesofpronunciation.(开音节和闭音节中元音字母的发音规则)注音标：lanegathertidetightstopgogoatJunebrushfetchmeworldsisterfarmwarmdarefairmerehirecuretermStep3：Presentation:一、什么是形容词、副词形容词就是放在名词前面解释名词的形状、容貌等特征的词，一般可翻译成“……的”。如：bluesky(蓝色的天空)、beautifulpicture(美丽的图画)、highbuilding(高的楼)、bigroom(大的屋子)、smallbox(小的盒子)。副词修饰动词解释动词的发生状况，还可修饰形容词或其他副词，帮助说明形容词、副词的程度。一般可翻译成“……地”。如：happy(高兴的)—veryhappy(非常高兴的)low（低的）—toolow（太低的）thin（瘦的）—ratherthin（相当瘦的）nice(好的)—quitenice(十分好的)angry(生气的)—soangry(如此生气的)二、形容词的作用与位置。1.作定语，修饰名词或代词。(1)一般来说，形容词放在所修饰的名词或代词之前，但修饰不定代词时，形容词要后置。例如：Idon’tliketheredskirt.Iwantablueone.Thereisnothingwrongwithyourears.Isthereanythingimportantintoday’snewspaper?Ihavesomethingnewtotellyou.(2)形容词短语修饰名词时，要后置。例如：Digaholelargeenoughforthetree.(3)多个形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词，顺序为：“限观形龄色国材”。（限：限定词；观：表观感的描绘性的形容词；形：表形状的形容词；龄：年龄；色：颜色；国：国籍；材：材料。）定冠词:the不定冠词:a,an限定词物主代词:my,our,his,her,their,your,its指示代词:this,that,these,those数量词：(1)序数词(first,second…only,same,next,last…)(2)基数词(one,two…many,other,several…)描绘性形容词：beautiful,good,interesting…例如：thefirstbeautifullittlewhiteChinesestonebridgeabeautifulsmallroundoldyellowFrenchwoodenreadingroom2(记顺序口诀：美小圆旧黄，法国木书房)2.作表语：大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语。(1)少数形容词只作表语，如：well（身体好）,ill,afraid,asleep,pleased，(2)有些作后置定语和表语，如：present，absent.(3)以字母a开头的形容词：afraid,alive,alone,ashamed,asleep,awake…①作表语：这类形容词的修饰语比较固定，如：Heisfast(sound)asleep.他睡得很沉。Heisfully(wide)awake.他完全没有睡意呢。all(verymuch)alone…②作后置定语：Heistheoldestmanaliveinthecity.thisyearalone仅仅今年③作补足语：keepthefishalive3.the+形容词/现在分词/过去分词，作主语和宾语，表示一类人或事物。Thelivingcarriedawaythedeadandthehealthyhelpedthewounded.4.作主语补语、宾语补语时，常与make,leave,keep,think,find,consider等动词连用。①Don’tmakeyourparentsangry.不要使父母生气。②Leavethedooropen.让门开着（别关门）。③Allthefactsprovedhimright.所有事实都证明他是对的。④Keeptheroomclean.保持房间清洁。5.作状语：形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，不表达动词的方式。如：①Atlasttheyarrivedhome,tiredandhungry.他们终于到家了，又累又饿。②Hereturnedhome,safeandsound.他返回了家，安然无恙。③Helayinbed,wideawake.他躺在床上，完全醒着。④Themanwasshot,dead.那个男人被击毙。6.注意下面的形式变化：（1）以ly结尾的形容词ly常是副词的标志，而下列以ly结尾的词是形容词：lonely,friendly,lovely,lively,silly,ugly,brotherly（兄弟般的）,manly（男子气概的）,deadly（致命的），daily(adj./adv./n),monthly(adj./adv./n),weekly(adj./adv./n),yearly(adj./adv./n),…名词+y→形容词:cloudy,rainy,stormy,snowy,windy,sunny,funny,healthy,wealthy,worthy,lucky，noisy（2）形容词+ly→副词①一般直接加ly。如：slowly,quickly,politely,bravely,completely,entirely,fortunately,peacefully,carefully,carelessly,immediately,widely…②辅音字母+y结尾→ily.如：happy--happily，easy--easily,luck--luckily,noisy--noisily,heavy--heavily,angry--angrily,busy--busily,hungry--hungrily…③以ple,ble,tle结尾，e→y,如：terrible--terribly,possible--possibly,probable—probablycomfortable--comfortably,horrible--horribly,simple--simply,gentle--gently…④特殊：true--truly,full--fully,whole--wholly,shy--shyly，dry--drily/dryly,（3）下列形容词的副词有两个，但是含义有别。（其中一个与形容词同形且含义相近，而另一个有ly但含义比较抽象）形容词：wide（宽的）；high（高的）；deep（深的）；close（近的）副词：wide（宽阔）high（高高地）deep（深地）close（近地）widely（广泛地）highly（高度地,很）deeply（深深地）closely（密切地，仔细地）三、副词的作用与位置1.副词在句中主要用作状语，修饰形容词、副词、动词和介词，有时还可修饰整个句子，3还可以作表语、定语和宾语补足语。①MrLispeaksEnglishverywell.（作状语，修饰动词）②AbrahamLincolnwasaverywisepresident.（作状语，修饰形容词）③Happilyforhim,hisstepmotherwaskindtohim.（作状语，修饰全句）④Thesecretisout.(作表语)⑤Letthedogout.（作宾补）⑥Thepeopletheretreatedmewarmly.（作后置定语）2.副词在句中的位置比较灵活，可以放在句首、句中或句末。also,both,all,always,really…在be后，行为动词前；方式副词，如：quickly,easily,rapidly,在行为动词后或宾语后或句首；程度副词(very，quite，rather，fairly，pretty)一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面,但enough作副词用时，通常放在被修饰词的后面。例如：①Weareallhappytohearthenews.②Thetrainisrunningrapidly.③Youhavedoneprettywell.你做得很好。④Itisaratherdifficultjob.⑤Hedidn’tworkhardenough.⑥Youalwaysstudyveryhardherethisterm.频度副词程度方式地点时间3.辨析：so,very,too,fairly,quite,pretty等不修饰比较级，只修饰原级。rather修饰原级或比较级，还可以与too连用.quite可修饰极限形容词(没有程度而言，没有比较等级)，如：correct，right,wrong,possible,impossible,perfect,excellent,favorite.注意在下面短语中的位置和搭配：①quiteanicehorse②afairly/verynicelady（fairly多修饰褒义词）③aratherbadboy=ratherabadboy（rather多修饰贬义词）④ratherworse;rathertoodifficult;⑤toolargeabox;sointerestingabook;asdifficultaproblemasthatone⑥Howgoodaboy!=Whatagoodboy!⑦somanybooks;somuchfood;sofewfriends;solittlewater少的suchlittlebirds小的;suchagoodboy;suchbeautifulflowers;suchbadweatherStep4.Homework.1.Readthematerials.2.Dothefollowingexercises.后记：巩固练习1.It’s______adifficultquestion,soit’s_____impossibleformetoanswerit.A.too,quiteB.rather,quiteC.so,fairlyD.very,rather2.Theyare_____littleanimalsthatyoucanputtheminyourhand.What’smore,theycanfly_____intheair.A.so,highB.very,highlyC.how,highlyD.such,high3.Stand_______tomeandwatchme_______.A.close;closeB.closely;closelyC.closely;closeD.close;closely4.Ijustcan’tbelievethat______littlebirdscaneatup______manyinsectsaday.A.so;soB.such;suchC.so;suchD.such;so45.Heoftenworks_____intothenight,whichmovesus_______.A.deep;deepB.deeply;deeplyC.deep;deeplyD.deeply;deep6.I’vegot_____worktodoona_____coldday.A.muchtoo；muchtooB.toomuch；toomuchC.toomuch；muchtooD.muchtoo；toomuch7.Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainbecauseitwasraining______.A.badlyB.hardlyC.