练习题-吴国超

一、经喷药处理过得玉米种群随机抽取9个果穗，其穗重分别为308，305，311，298，315，300，321，294，320g。（1）求其平均数、标准差、中位数、极差、标准误、变异系数，以及95%的置信区间；（2）已知此玉米单交种群的平均穗重为300g，问喷药与否的果穗重差异是否显著？(1)StatisticsOne-SampleTestTestValue=0tdfSig.(2-tailed)MeanDifference95%ConfidenceIntervaloftheDifferenceLowerUpperVAR0000296.0738.000308.00000300.6072315.3928(2)One-SampleTestTestValue=300tdfSig.(2-tailed)MeanDifference95%ConfidenceIntervaloftheDifferenceLowerUpperÌå¸ß2.4958.0378.000.6115.39t=2.495,p=0.0370.05,拒绝原假设，认为喷药与否差异显著。二、为比较两种方法对乳酸饮料中脂肪含量测定结果是否不同，某人随机抽取了10份乳酸饮料制品，分别用脂肪酸水解法和哥特里-罗紫法测定其结果见下表。问两钟方法测定结果是否不同？NValid9Missing1Mean308.0000Std.ErrorofMean3.20590Median308.0000Mode294.00(a)Std.Deviation9.61769Variance92.500Range27.00Sum2772.00%1226.3%100xsCV表1.两种方法对乳酸饮料中脂肪含量测定结果（%）编号12345678910哥特里-罗紫法0.8400.5910.6740.6320.6870.9780.7500.7301.2000.870脂肪酸水解法0.5800.5090.5000.3160.3370.5170.4540.5120.9970.506One-SampleKolmogorov-SmirnovTest哥特里-罗紫法脂肪酸水解法N1010NormalParameters(a,b)Mean.79520.52280Std.Deviation.184362.185981MostExtremeDifferencesAbsolute.197.312Positive.197.312Negative-.134-.156Kolmogorov-SmirnovZ.622.988Asymp.Sig.(2-tailed).833.283aTestdistributionisNormal.bCalculatedfromdata.PairedSamplesStatisticsMeanNStd.DeviationStd.ErrorMeanPair1VAR00001.7952010.184362.058300VAR00002.5228010.185981.058812PairedSamplesCorrelationsNCorrelationSig.Pair1VAR00001&VAR0000210.828.003PairedSamplesTest.272400.108681.034368.194654.3501467.9269.000哥特里罗紫法-脂肪酸水解法Pair1MeanStd.DeviationStd.ErrorMeanLowerUpper95%ConfidenceIntervaloftheDifferencePairedDifferencestdfSig.(2-tailed)正态性检验，2组方法测定结果的P值分别为0.833，0.283，均服从正态分布。相关性检验，p=0.0030.05，故两种仪器测定结果相关。配对样本T检验，p=0.0000.05，拒绝原假设，表明这2种方法测定的结果差异显著.三、在有小麦丛矮病的麦田里，调查了13株病株和11株健株的植株高度，分析健株高度是否高于病株。其调查数据如下：健株：26.0,32.4,37.3,37.3,43.2,47.3,51.8,55.8,57.8,64.0,65.3病株：16.7,19.8,19.8,23.3,23.4,25.0,36.0,37.3,41.4,41.7,45.7,48.2,57.8One-SampleKolmogorov-SmirnovTest健株病株N1113NormalParameters(a,b)Mean47.10933.546Std.Deviation13.029813.0437MostExtremeDifferencesAbsolute.138.205Positive.138.205Negative-.111-.113Kolmogorov-SmirnovZ.457.740Asymp.Sig.(2-tailed).985.643aTestdistributionisNormal.bCalculatedfromdata.GroupStatistics1147.109113.029773.928621333.546213.043683.61767组别1.002.00平均含量NMeanStd.DeviationStd.ErrorMeanIndependentSamplesTest.038.8472.53922.01913.562945.341062.4862624.639612.54021.354.01913.562945.340562.4678424.65804EqualvariancesassumedEqualvariancesnotassumed平均含量FSig.Levene'sTestforEqualityofVariancestdfSig.(2-tailed)MeanDifferenceStd.ErrorDifferenceLowerUpper95%ConfidenceIntervaloftheDifferencet-testforEqualityofMeans正态性检验，2组小麦中植株平均高度的P值分别为0.985，0.643，均服从正态分布.方差齐性检验，p=0.8470.05，故方差齐性。独立样本T检验，p=0.190.05，接受原假设，健株和病株平均高度无显著差异。四、孟德尔用豌豆的两对性状进行杂交实验，黄色圆滑种子与绿色皱缩种子的豌豆杂交后，F2代分离的情况为：黄圆315粒，黄皱101粒，绿圆108粒，绿皱32粒，共556粒，问此结果是否符合自由组合定律？表现形315312.82.3101104.3-3.3108104.33.83234.8-2.85561234TotalObservedNExpectedNResidualTestStatistics.4703.925Chi-SquareadfAsymp.Sig.表现形0cells(.0%)haveexpectedfrequencieslessthan5.Theminimumexpectedcellfrequencyis34.8.a.P=0.9250.05接收原假设，认为这两对相对性状的遗传符合孟德尔遗传规律中9:3:3:1的比例。五、某仓库调查不同品种的耐贮情况，随机抽取国光苹果200个，腐烂14个，178个红星苹果中腐烂16个，试测试这两种苹果耐贮差异是否显著？品种*效果Crosstabulation18614200184.115.9200.093.0%7.0%100.0%16216178163.914.1178.091.0%9.0%100.0%34830378348.030.0378.092.1%7.9%100.0%CountExpectedCount%within品种CountExpectedCount%within品种CountExpectedCount%within品种国光红星品种Total正常腐烂效果Total由上表可知国光正常效率为93.0%，红星正常有效率为91.0%。Chi-SquareTests.510b1.475.2741.601.5091.476.568.300.5081.476378PearsonChi-SquareContinuityCorrectionaLikelihoodRatioFisher'sExactTestLinear-by-LinearAssociationNofValidCasesValuedfAsymp.Sig.(2-sided)ExactSig.(2-sided)ExactSig.(1-sided)Computedonlyfora2x2tablea.0cells(.0%)haveexpectedcountlessthan5.Theminimumexpectedcountis14.13.b.2=0.510，P=0.4750.05，不拒绝H。可以认为两种苹果耐贮性居于相同水平。六、欲比较两种检验方法对血样中某抗体的检出率，将100份血样同时用两种方法进行检测，结果见下表，问两种方法的检测结果有无差别？表2.A、B两种检验方法对血中某抗体的检出情况A法*B法Crosstabulation46146030.030.060.076.7%23.3%100.0%4364020.020.040.010.0%90.0%100.0%505010050.050.0100.050.0%50.0%100.0%CountExpectedCount%withinA法CountExpectedCount%withinA法CountExpectedCount%withinA法+-A法Total+-B法TotalAB合计+－[phone]合计5050100Chi-SquareTests42.667b1.00040.0421.00047.4301.000.000.00042.2401.000.031c100PearsonChi-SquareContinuityCorrectionaLikelihoodRatioFisher'sExactTestLinear-by-LinearAssociationMcNemarTestNofValidCasesValuedfAsymp.Sig.(2-sided)ExactSig.(2-sided)ExactSig.(1-sided)Computedonlyfora2x2tablea.0cells(.0%)haveexpectedcountlessthan5.Theminimumexpectedcountis20.00.b.Binomialdistributionused.c.McNemar2检验的P值为0.31，表明A和B两种检测结果的阳性率间有差异。七、用A、B、C、D4种不同N、P配比的营养液浇灌种植的小麦幼苗，30天后计算平均日增重(g)，得到如下的数据，问4种营养液的效果是否相同？A营养液：31.9,24.0,31.8,35.9B营养液：24.8,25.7,26.8,25.9C营养液：22.2,23.0,26.7,24.3D营养液：27.0,30.8,29.0,24.6Descriptives日增重430.9004.98062.490322.97538.82524.035.9425.800.8206.410324.49427.10624.826.8424.0501.9672.983620.92027.18022.226.7427.8502.66521.332623.60932.09124.630.81627.1503.7709.942725.14129.15922.235.9ABCDTotalNMeanStd.DeviationStd.ErrorLowerBoundUpperBound95%ConfidenceIntervalforMeanMinimumMaximumTestofHomogeneityofVariances日增重2.015312.166LeveneSt