基于约束条件的运输模式选择研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文基于约束条件的运输模式选择研究姓名：张荻申请学位级别：硕士专业：企业管理指导教师：季建华20080101ILingo8.0IIABSTRACTIIIRESEARCHONTHESELECTIONOFTRANSPORTATIONMODESBASEDONCONSTRAINTCONDITIONSABSTRACTTheselectionoftransportationmodesisofgreatsignificanceformanufacturingenterprisestorealizetherationalizationoftransport.Currently,thecontradictionbetweensupplyanddemandinChinacargomarketisobvious.Underthissituation,manymanufacturingenterprisesarefacingvariouschoicesoftransportationmodes,mostofwhichhavecapacityconstraints.Therefore,howtochoosethereasonabletransportationmodesanddeterminetheappropriatecargovolumebecomethekeyissuesofenterpriseslogisticsdecision.Thisdissertationconductedanin-depthstudyontheselectionoftransportationmodesbasedoncapacityconstraints.Thisdissertationdefinedthecontentoftransportationmodeatfirst,andthencomparedtheadvantages,disadvantagesandoperationfeaturesamongfourbasicmeansoftransportation.Thenitsummarizedthemainmethodsofselectingtransportationmodesandputforwardusinglinearprogrammingmethodasabasisfortheresearchontheselectionoftransportationmodes.Undertheconditionoffixedtransportationcapacity,priceandtransporttime,thisdissertationestablishedmulti-objectivedecision-makingmodelsforsingle-stagetransportationmodeselection.Thosemodelswerebasedoncapacityconstraintwithfollowingconsiderations:totalcostminimization,timeeffectandcargourgencyandthenreachedtheoptimalsolutionsbyusingsoftwareLingo8.0.Theresultsshowed:Theoptionhadcertainintervalstability.Andtheoptionforemergencycargohadmorestabilitythanthatforordinarycargo.WhethertheprioritygoodsexistornotwouldaffecttheselectionofABSTRACTIVtransportationmodes.Consideringinventorycost,thedissertationintegratedtranspirationandwarehousingandbuiltmulti-stagetransportationmodeselectionmodel.Theresultshowedthatefficienttransportationmodesweresuitforemergencygoodsandtheoccasionwhenreducinginventorieswasimportantforenterprises.Undertheconditionofuncertaintransportationcapacity,priceandtransporttime,thedissertationintroducedfuzzymathematicsmethodandusedtriangularfuzzynumbertorepresentuncertaincapacity,priceandtransporttime.Whencapacitywasuncertain,thedissertationusedrankingmethodtosolvethemodelandobtainedtheconclusion:capacitystabilitywouldimpactthetransportationmodeselection.Whenbothcapacityandpricewereuncertain,thedissertationusedambiguityresolutionmethodtosolvethemodelandtheresultsshowedpricesfluctuationhadcomparativelysmallerimpactonthetransportationmodeselection.Whencapacity,priceandtransporttimewereuncertain,thedissertationestablishedamulti-objectivefuzzylinearprogrammingmodelwithtimeandcostminimization.Thevalidityofthemodelwasprovedthroughexample.KEYWORDS:transportationmode,constraintconditions,selection,fuzzylinearprogramming200812520081252008125111.1[1]6%245090100“”“”“”1028-3035[2]21.22-12-1“”“”31.31.3.1SheffiYosef,EskandariBabak,KoutsopoulosHarisN(1988)[3]2001[4]2004——[5]4KI-CHANNAM1997()[6]NalinShinghal(2002)32[7]KjetilK.Haugen,ArildHervik(2003)()()()[8]1995MMDSTMMDST[9]2001[10]2001[11]2004——[5]2004N-SN-SU1N-SU2()U3[12]20065[13]Beier(1978)[14]Harper(1993)/[15]2000[16]20020-1——Dijkstra[17]1.3.2Harris19132080(Inventory-TransportationIntegratedOptimization)()()()[17][18][19]6—()Harris(1913)(EconomicOrderQuantity)[20]Burns(1985)EOQ[21]Hall(1985)(UPS)EOQEOQ[22]ChandraFisher(1994)()[23]SperanzaUkovich(1994)[24]ViswanahanMathur(1997)[25]Pryor(1999)12%[26]FedergruenZipkin(1984)7(Bender’sDecomposisionApproach)[27]ErnstPyke(1993)[28]ChenZhen(1998)[29]ITIO(1994)[30](2001)[31](2002)[32](2003)VMI[33](2004)/[34]1.4182()3Lingo8.04Lingo8.051-11-1Figure1-1FrameworkoftheDissertation922.11.2.3.4.105.2.22-1(73%)2-2010000200003000040000500006000019901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052-1Figure2-1TurnoverVolumeofFreightTrafficofDifferentmeansofTransportOvertheYears11(a)200514%77%9%0%(b)200515%73%12%0%2-2Figure2-2ComparesionoftheDistributionofChinaCargo2-12-11)2)100km/h3)4)5)1)2)3)1)()()2)1)2)3)4)5)6)1)2)1)2)122-11)2)20%-30%7%-20%[35]1)2)3)1)2)3)1)2)3)4)1)2)3)4)5)1)2)3)2-22-2(-)(-)(-)(-)(-)(-)1234132.32.3.1(AHP)()[36](AHP)PittsburghSaaty1977[37]2.3.214()CT()CTi()(1,2,,im=),j(1,2,,jn=),ijTjiijCijijC()min..,0ijijijijjijiCTstTTT=≥∑∑∑jTjijCiiT()()min()..;();0ijiijijijjijiiiijiCTTstTTCTfTT==≥∑∑∑()()ijiiiCTfT=i()iifTidbijjdTb≤≤∑[38]2.3.3151)Nn,nR2)TATAjATT{}(){}12,,,,,mjjmnTtttATAaajN×===∈3)()()iiabuaub≥⇒≥mTnN,(){}imnUua×={}(){}/,,,1,2,,;;jNimnNAUNnATUua∈×==×=[39]2.3.4{}()maxckkkiikPSSXωγ==−×cPkSk1,2,3,,kn=iωiikγik16X[36]2.4171833.1193.23.2.1miin3-11n1n2nm-113-1Figure3-1Single-stageTransportationModeSelectionD——()=1,2,,;=1,2,ijiSimjn——ij()1,2,1,2,ijiCi=,m;j=n——ij()1,2,1,2,ijiti=,m;j=n——ij()1,2,ixi=,m——i1.20()(1,2,,;1,2,,)ijiminSimjn==()()()()()()()111min3132.min1,2,;1,2,,3301,2,34inmijiijmiiiijiiZCxxDstxSimjnxim====−=−≤==−≥=−∑∑∑(3-1)(3-2)(3-3)(3-4)2.()()()()1112111112minmin35.min,,1,2,,01,2,,iiinmijiijnmiijmijiimiiiiiiniZCxxZtxxDstxSSSimxim========−=≤=≥=∑∑∑∑∑∑(3-5)3.k()1,2,lPl,k=lPi21()1,2,1,2,lixl=,k;i=,m()()()()111121111111121minmin36.min