桥式起重机运行机构传动设置

本科毕业设计题目桥式起重机小车行走机构设计系别工程技术系专业机械设计制造及其自动化学生姓名学号指导教师职称教授2015年04月12日摘要桥式起重机是一种工作稳定，工作效率较高的一种起重机，广泛的应用于大型厂房内的起重工作。在工厂中搬运重物，对人力不可移动的大型物体进行搬运，在工业发展中起到了重要的作用。桥式起重机大车运行机构主要包括传动装置由电机、减速器、传动轴、齿轮传动装置、车轮和轨道吊具等部分。本次设计针对了电机，减速器的选取，联轴器，轴承的选择与校核。本文通过引用多方文献，对大车运行机构进行了分析，设计计算，通过综合分析考量，利用计算机辅助设计计算最终完成设计。关键词：起重机；大车行走装置；减速器；AbstractBridgecraneisakindofstablework,acraneworkingefficiencyishigh,widelyusedinlarge-scalefactoryintheliftingwork.Inthefactorycarryingheavyloads,onhumanlargeobjectscannotmovecarry,intheindustrialdevelopmentplaysanimportantroleinthe.Thecraneoperationmechanismmainlycomprisesadrivingdevicecomposedofamotor,areducer,atransmissionshaft,ageartransmissiondevice,thewheelandtherailaspartofthespreader.Thedesignforthemotor,reducerselection,coupling,selectionandcalibrationofthebearing.Thispaperbyquotingmanyliteratures,thecranetravelingmechanismareanalyzed,thedesigncalculation,throughcomprehensiveanalysisandconsideration,completethedesignofthefinalcalculationwithcomputeraideddesign.Keywords:crane;trolleydevice;reducer;目录1绪论.........................................................................................................................................11.1概述................................................................................................................................................11.2桥式起重机的特点............................................................................................................................11.3本次设计内容....................................................................................................................................21.4主要技术参数....................................................................................................................................22小车支撑机构的设计计算.........................................................................................................32.1确定机构的传动方案.........................................................................................................................32.2选择车轮与轨道并验算起强度.........................................................................................................33小车运行驱动机构的设计计算..................................................................................................43.1运行阻力的计算.................................................................................................................................43.2选择电动机.........................................................................................................................................53.3选择减速器.........................................................................................................................................63.4起动时间验算....................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.5验算运行机构速度和实际所需功率................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.6电动机发热验算.................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.7电动机过载验算.................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.8选择制动器.........................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.9制动时间验算.....................................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.10验算起动不打滑条件.......................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.11验算制动不打滑条件.......................................................................................错误!未定义书签。3.12选择联轴器.......................................................................................................................................73.13选择缓冲器.......................................................................................................................................73.14选择锚定装置..................................................................................................................................83.15选择行程限位器...............................................................................................................................84设计总结......................................................................................................................................8参考文献.........................................................................................................................................9致谢...........................................................................................................................................1011绪论1.1概述起重机是指在一定范围内垂直提升和水平搬运重物的多动作起重机械。又称吊车。属于物料搬运机械。起重机的工作特点是做间歇性运动，即在一个工作循环中取料、运移、卸载等动作的相应机构是交替工作的。架型起重机的雏形。14世纪，西欧出现了人力和畜力驱动的转动臂架型起重机。19世纪前期，出现了桥式；起重机的重要磨损件如轴、齿轮和吊具等开始采用金属材料制造，并开始采用水力驱动。19世纪后期，蒸汽驱动的起重机逐渐取代了水力驱动的起重机。20世纪20年代开始，由于电气工业和内燃机工业迅速发展，以电动机或内燃机为动力装置的各种起重机基本形成。主要包括起升机构、运行机构、变幅机构、回转机构和金属结构等。起升机构是起重机的基本工作机构，它们大多是由吊挂系统和绞车组成，也有通过液压系统升降重物的。运行机构用以纵向水平运移重物或调整起重机的工作位置，一般是由电动机、减速器、制动器和车轮组成。变幅机构只配备在臂架型起重机上，臂架仰起时幅度减小，俯下时幅度增大，分平衡变幅和非平衡变幅两种。回转机构用以使臂架