浅析公文写作的语言艺术

本科学生毕业论文2014年4月23日论文题目：浅析公文写作的语言艺术学院：文学院年级：2010专业：汉语言文学姓名：张帅学号：20102078指导教师：朱星瑶I摘要很长时间以来,人们普遍地认为公文都是平易浅显的大白话,而且都是格式化的“官样文章”,用不着在遣词造句和表达技巧上花工夫。公文写作者也往往专注于贯彻精神和体现意图。斟酌提法、举措是否妥当；在乎数字、指标是否正确。而较少考虑语言文字运用的是否生动得体，并且很少对文句进行推敲和锤炼。基于这样的原因，本文提出了公文语言，简洁是艺术，准确是特点的观点。通过对“文学修养对公文语言特点的影响”、“简洁的艺术”、“公文中修辞的使用”三个方面来进行论证，较详细的讨论了文学修养、古汉语、模糊语言、修辞等在公文写作中的运用及作用，意在寻找与探究公文写作的语言艺术，揭示隐藏在公文神圣规范表面之下的，那种作为写作而存在的精神，探究符合属于公文写作规律的语言之美。关键词公文;写作;语言;艺术IIAbstractForalongtime,peoplegenerallythinkofdocumentsisacommonplainvernacular,andformattingofredtape,don'thavetospendtimeonphrasingandpresentationskills.Officialdocumentwriterstendtofocusonimplementingspiritandintention,mullingovertheideaandmeasureswhetherisinorder;CareaboutNumbers.Indexiscorrect,andlessconsiderthelanguageuseisvivid,andfewsentencesforscrutinyandtemper.Basedonthisreason,thispaperputsforwardtheofficialdocumentlanguage,conciseisart,featuresisaccuratepointofview,andbasedontheliteraryaccomplishmenttheinfluenceofthecharacteristicsoftheofficialdocumentlanguage,simpleart,theuseofrhetoricinthedocumentthreeaspectstodemonstrate,moredetaileddiscussestheliteraryaccomplishment,theancientChinese,theapplicationoffuzzylanguage,rhetoric,etcinthedocumentwritingandfunction,tofindandtoexplorethelanguageartofdocumentwriting,revealsthehiddenbeneaththesurfaceofthesacredspecificationdocument,thatasthespiritofwritingandexist,exploremeetbelongstothebeautyofthelanguagelawofdocumentwriting.KeywordsDocument;writing;language;art目录摘要............................................................................................................................................IAbstract...................................................................................................................................II前言...........................................................................................................................................1一、文学修养对公文语言特点的影响...................................................................................2（一）公文语言与文学语言的异同................................................................................2（二）文学修养对公文语言的重要性............................................................................21.决定着行文水平能力的高低...............................................................................32.影响着公文写作的效率.......................................................................................33.对公文的风格起着潜在作用...............................................................................34.有利于情感思想的传播与表达...........................................................................4二、简洁的艺术.......................................................................................................................4（一）古汉语在当今公文中的作用..............................................................................51.简约质朴，言简义丰...........................................................................................52.形象生动、说理透彻...........................................................................................53.常用句式、惯用词语...........................................................................................6（二）模糊语言的使用..................................................................................................71.公文中模糊语言使用的原因...............................................................................72.模糊语言在公文中的作用...................................................................................8三、公文中修辞的使用...........................................................................................................9（一）消极修辞的使用..................................................................................................91.使用词语上的消极修辞.......................................................................................92.句式选择上的消极修辞.....................................................................................103.安排结构上的“消极修辞”.............................................................................11（二）积极修辞的使用................................................................................................121.“引用”的运用.................................................................................................122.“排比”的运用.................................................................................................123.“对比”的运用.................................................................................................12结论.........................................................................................................................................14参考文献.................................................................................................................................15致谢.........................................................................................................................................16浅析公文写作的语言艺术1前言公文是国家机关、企事业单位和人民团体处理公务的文件,具有鲜明的政策性、指令性和法规性。其一文一事关涉政之得失,民之忧乐;一言一辞影响社会治乱、事业成败。一般来讲,公文的语言科学性强,讲究逻辑,带有一定的法定性和惯用性,用语必须是肯定、庄重、准确、简洁,从而才能正确地体现方针政策,准确地体现领导意图,以便于指导工作,解决问题。总而言之，公文语言，简洁是艺术，准确是特点。本文的行文的着眼之处不是具体的某一种公文种类，而是整体的公文写作所呈现出来的现象和问题，探究公文写作的语言艺术。浅析