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RobertBurns罗伯特·彭斯(1759-1796)Signature:LifeofthepoetPoetryofBurnsSelectedReadingsARed,RedRoseAuldLangSyneOutlineRobertBurnsI.LifeexperiencenationalpoetofScotlandBornintoapoorfamilyinScotlandAt6,receivedalittleschoolingHadastrongloveforScottishsongs,ballads,legendsandtheworksofScottishwritersAt13,hebegantodoapeasant’sfullday’slabourat16,hebecamethechiefbreadearnerofhisfamilyAt25,hisfatherdiedAt27,hiscollectionofpoems“PoemsChieflyintheScottishDialect”苏格兰方言之歌wasprinted.settleddownonafarmandmarriedhislover,JeanArmourHecouldneverearnenoughmoneytosupporthisfamily.Helivedingreatpovertyallhislife.Hediedfromrheumatic(风湿)heartdiseasein1796(37).Hewasapoeticgenius.HehadanaptitudeforScottishfolksongs.BurnswasnurturedbytheScottishculturaltradition.ThemajorityofhispoemswerewrittenintheScottishdialect.Heisknownasthe“NationalPoetofScotland”.罗伯特·彭斯(1759-1796),苏格兰伟大的民族诗人。生于苏格兰的农民家庭。十一二岁时便和父亲一样干重活,维持家庭生活。母亲是个民歌手,这使他在很小的时候就能熟悉苏格兰民歌的旋律,为以后的创作打下了坚实的基础。1786年,因为和少女琪恩私下恋爱,触犯了教会和女方家庭。教会要制裁他,女方家庭则声称要将他投进监狱,这一切都是因为他的贫穷。诗人本准备前往牙买加,但已没有钱买船票。诗人迫不得已,在一个朋友的建议下,将自己的诗集《主要用苏格兰方言写的诗集》寄给了出版社。没想到这部诗集使诗人一跃成名,很快成了当时文化界的红人。诗人向往法国大革命,曾自费购买小炮运往法国。1792年,诗人因为发表革命言行被上级传讯,1795年,诗人加入反抗英法联军的农民志愿军。1789年,诗人获得一份税务官的职位,每天都要骑马巡行二百多里,同时还要务农。这些使得诗人劳累过度,心脏受损。37岁那年,年轻的诗人离开了人世。Burns’CottageinAlloway,ScotlandBurns’statuesStatueinAustraliaStatueinDumfries,ScotlandBurns’ReputationHeisregardedasapioneeroftheRomanticmovementandafterhisdeathbecameagreatsourceofinspirationtothefoundersofbothliberalismandsocialism.AculturaliconinScotlandandamongtheScottishDiasporaaroundtheworld,celebrationofhislifeandworkbecamealmostanationalcharismaticcultduringthe19thand20thcenturies,andhisinfluencehaslongbeenstrongonScottishliterature.Burns’ReputationHeiswidelyregardedasthenationalpoetofScotland,andiscelebratedworldwide.HeisthebestknownofthepoetswhohavewrittenintheScotslanguage,althoughmuchofhiswritingisalsoinEnglishandalightScotsdialect,accessibletoanaudiencebeyondScotland.CelebrationofBurnsBurnsSupper彭斯晚宴(2010年是RobertBurns诞辰250周年纪念日)OnJan.25,asBurnsnightHavehaggis(羊肚包杂碎),traditionalScottishfoodPlaypipesPoetryreading邮票PoetryofBurnsThepoemsofBurnsarewrittenintheScottishdialectonavarietyofsubjects.1)Politicalpoems2)Satiricalpoems3)LyricsMainly,3kindsExamplesARed,RedRose一朵红红的玫瑰ARedRedRose啊,我爱人像红红的玫瑰,它在六月里初开;啊,我爱人像一支乐曲,美妙地演奏起来。你是那么美,漂亮的姑娘,我爱你那么深切;我爱你下去,亲爱的,一直到四海枯竭。一直到四海枯竭,亲爱的,到太阳把岩石烧裂;我要爱你下去,亲爱的,只要是生命不绝。再见吧--我惟一的爱人,我和你小别片刻;我要回来的,亲爱的,即使是万里相隔。That'snewlysprunginJune;OMyLuve'slikethemelodieThat'ssweetlyplayedintune.Asfairartthou,mybonnielass,SodeepinluveamI;AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,Tilla'theseasgangdry.Tilla'theseasgangdry,mydear,Andtherocksmeltwi'thesun;OIwilllovetheestill,mydear,Whilethesandso'lifeshallrun.Andfaretheeweel,myonlyluve,Andfaretheeweelawhile!AndIwillcomeagain,myluve,Thoughitweretenthousandmile.ARed,RedRoseOMyluve’slikeared,redrose,呵,我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰,That’snewlysprunginJune;六月里迎风初开;loveisrecentlycomeoutpp.ofspringv.开放First2linesdescribeherprettyappearance.Thebeautyofmylovecanbecomparedwitharedrose,andthesweetvoiceandshapeofmylovearelikepieceofsoftmusic.OMyluve’slikethemelodie呵,我的爱人像一支甜甜的乐曲,That’ssweetlyplay’dintune.美妙地演奏起来。melody,beautifulmusicplayedLines3&4praiseherfinedisposition温柔的性格.在各种花语里唯有玫瑰是爱情的代言词且受到爱神的保护,六月又是丰收的季节,玫瑰在六月也进入了开花的旺季,鲜红的颜色、绽放的花瓣、诱人的清香在初夏季节向人们炫耀它的婀娜多姿,以此明喻直接描绘出了恋人的大方、美丽和成熟。进而抒情者又把恋人比喻成一支悠扬的乐曲。悠扬如小桥流水,舒缓静心,所以要想弹奏出如此优美的旋律,演奏者需凝神静气,注意节奏的和谐和变化,借此明喻衬托出了抒情者恋人性格的温和。意象(image):“玫瑰”和“乐曲”给人温暖与甜美的的意象同时,诗人运用了比喻关联式通感,不仅有明喻的描写,还有感觉上的挪移。客观而言,玫瑰和乐曲是生活中常见事物;但主观而言,玫瑰和乐曲则是诗人创作这首诗歌时的所见所闻。为什么玫瑰和乐曲显得那么有生命力,因为它们的背后有诗人的深情,自己的爱人就如娇艳的玫瑰和美妙的乐曲,怎能不让人热爱。Burns’“ARed,RedRose”Asfairartthou,mybonielass.我的好姑娘,你有多么美,SodeepinluveamI;我的爱就有多么深;Asyouaresobeautiful,prettygirlgirl=as…as…Paraphrase:Youareaspretty,mydeargirl,asIdeeplyloveyou.AndIwillluvetheestill,mydear,亲爱的,我要永远地爱你,Tilla’theseasgangdry.直到大海干枯水流尽。allgodryMygracefulgirl,youareverybeautifulandIloveyouverymuch;mydear,Iwillloveyoufirmlyuntilalltheseasgodry.Thespeakerexpresseshisfierypassionforhisloveandswearstoloveherforever.alwaysdrysea诗中叠字复句的运用独具匠心,尤其在第8第9行两行Tilla'theseasgangdry的重复,实际上是意味深长的天才之笔,因为这一重复出现在全诗的正中,划分而又衔接了两个不同的境界。前8行是两人之间的爱恋,只涉及两人,情调热烈而轻快;后8行则将岩石,海洋和太阳卷了进来,爱情有了一个宇宙背景,不但空间扩大而时间也延长了;最后又回到两人,这时爱情深化了,人生的经验丰富了,于是结句Tho’itweretenthousandmile!在读者面前展开了一条千里万里的尘土和风雪旅途,但是行人不论怎样遥远,却一定要回来,会回来的。因为经过这样上天入地,爱情是经受了一切的考验了。Tilla’theseasgangdry,mydear,直到大海干枯水流尽,Andtherocksmeltwi’thesun:直到太阳把岩石化作灰尘:withStanza3:Themanpromiseseternalloveforher.Stanza2:Themanpledgestrueloveforher.Stanza3:OIwilllovetheestill,mydear,呵,亲爱的,我将会永远地爱你,Whilethesandso’lifeshallrun.只要我一息犹存。alwaysaslongasIliveTheancientEuropeansusedasandglass(orhourglass)tomeasurethetime.Whenallthesandintheglasswasgone,itwastheendofanhour.Hereitisahyperboletosaythattheman’slifeismeasuredbyasandglass.Whileheliveshe’llalwaysloveher.对爱情的永恒充满了期待,真正的爱情应具有山岩般的特质----坚定、永恒、愈久弥坚。“我会永远爱你,亲爱的,直到地老天荒”。爱情是浪漫的,但诗人更渴求“沙漏式”的相濡以沫的爱情(Sand’soflikeshallrun)。正如沙漏中的缓缓流沙造就了时间的永恒,真正的爱情应像“沙漏”中的流沙———平淡、和缓、连绵不断。Mydear,Iwillloveyoutillalltheseasgodryandtherocksmeltwiththesun.Iw
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