学位英语试题

1PartIReadingComprehension(30%)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。Passage1QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna(天线).Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear,scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth,addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose(葡萄糖)metabolism(代谢)(asignofbrainactivity)increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna,”saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH,whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.(76)Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals。Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation(电磁辐射)fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity,butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures。”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearly1980s,withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide。Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers,butalargestudybutheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow’steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism,theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason。(77)Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting,buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance,ifany,ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown,theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation,”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden,wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects。”Theywrote。1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Cellphoneuseisdangerous。B.Cellphoneusecausescancer。C.Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield。D.Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow。2.DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______。A.herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone2B.shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrainC.shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivityD.humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation3.Accordingtothepassage,cellphoneswerelaunched_______。A.inthelate1970sB.between1980and1985B.inthelate1980sD.intheearly1990s4.Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph?A.Brainactivity。B.Herresearchfindings。C.Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer。D.Herresearchprogress。5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.CellPhoneRadiation:IsItHarmful?B.CellPhoneRadiati0n:IsItUseful?C.CellPhoneRadiation:IsItHealthy?D.CellPhoneRadiation:IsItWeak?Passage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.(78)Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew:We’vebeendrivingwhilelisteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthe1930s.butthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers,whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM(及时通讯)conversations,watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce。Butwhat’stheimpactofthismediaconsumption?Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn,reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother?Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions,buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions。(79)Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday’sfast-pacedworkplaced,Manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend。Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework,playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV,aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun。Onthepositiveside,multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodernchildhoodcentersaround3visual(视觉的)ratherthanprintmedia,theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages。Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted(任务过量的)schedulesdrivesmuchoftheirmultitasking。Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatortoteachkidsthatit’svaluable,evenessential,tooccasionallyslowdown,unplugsandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen。6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Howismultitaskingdefine(定义)intheinformationage?B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout?C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife?D.What’stheimpactofmultitaskingonyo