华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程土石方爆破管理制度

华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程土石方爆破监理工作内容及管理制度昆明先行监理有限责任公司华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程项目监理部2009年11月1编写：年月日审核：年月日批准：年月日2目录1、工程概况及专业施工特点···················································································11.1工程概况····································································································11.2专业施工特点······························································································12、监理依据········································································································23、爆破监理流程图及管理系统图·············································································23.1爆破监理流程图····························································································23.2管理系统图·····························································································34、各爆破区段的划分及项目监理部爆破区段责任人员配置·············································34.1.2项目监理部爆破区段责任人员配置表·····························································64.2广西建工联合建设有限公司爆破施工区段划分及人员安排：···································64.2.2项目监理部爆破区段责任人员配置表·································································95、监理工作方法和程序·························································································95.1事前控制····································································································95.2事中控制···································································································105.3事后控制···································································································106、爆破安全监理内容···························································································117、通讯联络·······································································································128、爆破警戒和信号······························································································128.1爆破警戒···································································································128.2信号·········································································································129、爆后检查·······································································································139.1爆后检查等待时间·······················································································1310、爆后检查内容································································································1311、盲炮处理······································································································1312、爆炸物品的管理处罚·······················································································14华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程土石方爆破监理工作内容及管理制度11、工程概况及专业施工特点1.1工程概况马鞍山风电场位于大理白族自治州洱源县，工程土石方爆破的具体范围包括：进场公路改造、场内施工主线公路、场内施工支线公路；风机平台及基础。其中南区进场公路改造2.52公里，主线公路7.72公里，支线公路4.01公里，风机基础12个；北区主线公路5.71公里，支线公路7.7公里，风机基础21个。总工程量约110万立方，根据地勘报告，场地上土石比为3：7，爆破工程量较大。由于施工区域及影响范围比较大，周边为山坡、荒地、树林、场区内施工区域须特别保护。爆破区域环境比较复杂，必须确保场区内施工人员、机械设备安全；10kV临时施工用电线路施工人员及当地农户放牧人员的安全。1.2专业施工特点爆破方案：为确保爆破施工安全和爆破质量，根据爆破地点、地质、爆破深度的不同等，爆破方法可分为：深孔爆破、分层爆破、分台阶爆破、浅孔梯段控制爆破、裸露爆破、蛇穴爆破、药壶炮爆破、预裂爆破、光面爆破、III类围岩爆破、V类围岩爆破等。分层爆破、分台阶爆破、浅孔梯段控制爆破可用于公路及基础常规爆破。光面爆破实质上是爆破光面层，要求光面炮孔同时起爆，同时起爆的时差越小，效果越好。一般要求时差小于100ms。对于石方路基开挖常用的露天边坡梯段爆破，考虑每种爆破方式方法及药量，孔深不同等原因，结合本工程项目监理部暂考虑分层爆破、分台阶爆华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程土石方爆破监理工作内容及管理制度2破、浅孔爆破及光面爆破，若出现其余非常规爆破方案在做补充。2、监理依据2.1《爆破安全规程》（GB6722～2003）；2.2《土方与爆破工程施工及验收规范》（GBJ201～83）；2.3《大理州环境保护条例》。2.4《民用爆炸物品安全管理条例》。2.5《华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程地勘报告、设计图纸》。3、爆破监理流程图及管理系统图3.1爆破监理流程图现场勘察地形地质及环境审核讨论爆破方案审核讨论爆破设计督促平整场地炮孔定位检查炮孔深度检查核定装药量连起爆网络起爆爆后检查登记记录、闭环警戒解除警戒华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程土石方爆破监理工作内容及管理制度33.2管理系统图指导关系领导关系4、各爆破区段的划分及项目监理部爆破区段责任人员配置4.1中国水利水电第十四工程局有限公司爆破施工区段划分及人员安排：4.1.1爆破区段的划分经项目监理部人员现场实际勘查并结合本工程施工图，具体分为四个区段进行爆破作业实施监控。4.1.1.1K0+000―K3+360，从目前现有情况分析，此区段内需安全警戒组疏散组起爆站爆破指挥部项目监理部华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程土石方爆破监理工作内容及管理制度4进行爆破石方面积不大，故在此区段进行爆破作业时，要求施工单位针对具体爆破点进行人员、爆破范围及通讯联络方式的明确。项目监理部在此区段派员参加，主要控制K1+920―K2+180，时实对现场进行巡视检查。4.1.1.2K3+360―K4+300，此区段内爆破石方面积较大，在形成基本的毛石路面后，基本为全区段石方爆破，故此区段将是本工程重点控制区域之一。为了使本区段爆破施工安全在可控、受控的条件下实施，项目监理部要求施工单位分别在4#、5#及7#渣场下坡侧约500米处设置手摇警报器及流动巡视人员各3―4名，在相互可视的情况下对本区段内的人员及车辆疏散到安全区域。项目监理人员将跟踪检查，发现安全隐患及时要求停工整改。经现场实际勘查，本区段K3+380下坡侧约700米山坡下当地老乡正在新建砂厂，在爆破作业时估计会对其产生不利影响，故要求施工单位对其进行前期协调，要求其在爆破时间段内远离爆破区域，以免产生不必要的麻烦，并在此设置警戒点。建议施工单位分两点爆破，第一点在K3+360向大号侧方向实施爆破，此点爆破要求施工单位在K2+290设置安全警戒人员及警示牌，防止上山从事砍柴人员及放牧人员的进入；第二点在K4+300向小号侧实施爆破，此点爆破要求施工单位在升压站附近及通往升压站、蓄水池附近设置安全警戒人员及警示牌。此两点同时爆破要求施工单位必须保持统一的时间，专人负责，政令统一。在项目监理人员及业主检查合格的同时，在收到两方面具备爆破条件并确认无误后方可进行起爆。华能洱源马鞍山风电场工程土石方爆破监理工作内容及管理制度54.1.1.3K4+300―K6+660，经现场勘查，本区段爆破点具体为K5+810―K5+825，此段爆破均为石方，且距爆破点约200米处有简易民房一座及坟墓3冢（约150米处一冢、50米处2冢），爆破时将对简易民房及人员造成一定的伤害，故要求施工单位在此段爆破时协调民房户主远离爆破区，对由于爆破而有可能造成的房屋损坏采取有效措施加以保护，并在此点及K5+120处设置安全警戒点，同时对坟墓进行保护，防止爆破后产生的大块石滚动下山对其坟墓的破坏。K5+825―K5+920，此段均为孤石，且地形相对平坦，在爆破时不会产生大面积石头滚动现象，但对于爆破后产生的飞石将做为本段爆破控制的关键，故要求施工单位设置的警戒点同K5+810―K5+825爆破所设置安全警戒点相同。以上两段所设置警戒点基本一致，同时要求在K6+230设置警戒点一处。K6+146―K6+660，此段路面从现场实际地质情况分析，除少量的孤石外，其大部分均在形成基本毛石路面后，均为石方爆破，故此段爆破也将作为本工程安全控制的重点，所以，要求施工单位必须设置专门的爆破组织机构，其下设一名专职安全员和多名兼职安全员，由其统一指挥管理。爆破前由专职安全员（安全警戒组）统一指挥，各兼职安全员(疏散组)对各自所管爆破影响区域范围内的人员、牲口进行清场，确认撤离到安全地带后用对讲机与专职安全员联系，最后由专职安全员统一指挥放炮。4.