组合拳_农业学科与非农学科交叉渗透及共同发_省略_我国重点农业大学

:20070417:NAU改革与发展研究计划项目(项目编号RDP0601):龚怡祖(1950),男,南京农业大学公共管理学院教授,博士生导师;杨铭(1979),女,南京农业大学公共管理学院硕士研究生,,;,:,;,72()2007.7(2)VOL.7,NO.220076JournalofNanjingAgriculturalUniversity(SocialSciencesEdition)Jun.,2007组合拳:农业学科与非农学科交叉渗透及共同发展战略我国重点农业大学学科发展布局的战略管理研究,(南京农业大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210095):农业学科在农业高校发展中的战略作用,突出地表现为确保农业高校的战略优势与核心竞争力;非农学科在农业高校发展中的战略作用,突出地表现为拓宽办学领域,增强学校对社会与市场的适应性农业学科与非农业学科在吸引国家战略资源和吸引市场资源方面互有优势,两者交叉渗透同生共进,能够实现功能互补,对于农业高校突破资源约束条件,实现可持续发展,具有较高的战略价值从农业高校的战略管理需要看,农业学科具有较强的学科竞争力与政策倾斜优势,今后仍将是农业高校的中坚学科;非农学科具有较强的市场竞争力,有助于形成新的边缘优势以农业学科作为主要战略重点,同时在非农学科中选择若干学科种类作为辅助性战略重点,对于农业高校而言,不失为一种较为稳妥和有效的发展战略组合:农业高校;学科发展格局;农业学科;非农学科;战略管理:G40-055:A:16717465(2007)02008207,,,,一农业学科与非农学科在重点农业大学发展中的战略作用,(),,1.8(27),3(11),1(2),,1241,,,,82(1)标示相对优势,支撑社会美誉度2006[1],,20,A++;,A+20,(3)(9)(11)(18),,,A,2014,10202621,,,,(2)吸引战略资源,托举领先地位,863973,[2]985,211,,21110895,43006407805775[3],,NatureScience,[2],(3)招徕一流农科专家培养一流农科人才,,,,,[2],,,,:,2.,,,1241,(1)可扩大办学规模,充分利用资源,取得规模效益,,,,,,832,::199811(),,10,,,,,,,(2)可拓展办学领域,丰富办学元素,积聚边缘能量,,,,,,,,,2006,68%;,,(3)可提高学校的市场博弈与应变能力,增强发展后劲,,,,,,,,,,,,,二两类学科同生共进的战略依据:有利于实现战略功能互补1.(1)提升了专业平台,增强了学科交叉潜力,趋近于多科性大学的临界值,:,,,,,;,,,,,,,,(2)肥沃了校园文化土壤,可造就视野更加开阔素质更加全面的师生,:,,,,,,,,,2.(1)可以极大地改善和优化专业结构的市场适应性,,,84()7,,,,,,,,,,,,[4],15,,,8,,,,,,,,(2)有利于农业学科出新农科专业得到反哺,,,20,,,[5],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1210,,,,,,,,,(3)有利于农业高校提高综合实力,参与更大范围的竞争,,700,,;,852,::,,2002,,3,3,,,,,,,2006,,,,三战略管理前景:战略核心不变,但战略重点范围趋于扩大,,,,;,,,,,;,,,,,,,,(coevolution)[6];(March,1991)(exploitation)(exploration)[7],,2090,,(),,40%(1),22.8%,32.1%,30.5%,40%,,,57.9%19.3%,34.0%33.9%120054()1830.5%3152.5%4983.0%1017.0%591322.8%3357.9%4680.7%1119.3%571432.1%2334.0%3766.1%1933.9%561944.1%1227.9%3172.0%1228.0%4386()7,4,;,,,,:4,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,[8],,,,,;,,,:[1]新浪教育.2006中国大学排名[EB/OL].[2]远望.全国农林院校学科建设概览(2003)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004.[3]弘月.南京农业大学211工程建设接受国家验收[EB/OL].=3&status=1&id=30[4]岳昌君.大学生就业选择的行业因素分析[J].北京大学教育评论.2004(3):74-79.[5]JulieThompsonKle.iInterdisciplinary:History,TheoryandPractice[M].Detroit:WayneStateUniversityPress,1990.[6]Ehrlich,PR,Raven,PH.ButterfliesandPlants:AStudyinCoevolution[J].Evolution,1964(18):586-608.[7]March,JG.ExplorationandExploitationinOrganizationalLearning[J].OrganizationScience,1991,74(4):71-87.[8]托马斯弗里德曼.世界是平的:21世纪简史[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,2006.(张可辉)CrossdisciplinarydevelopmentstrategyforagriculturalandnonagriculturaldisciplinesinagriculturaluniversitiesGONGYizu,YANGming(InstituteofHigherEducation,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China)Abstract:Thestrategicroleofagriculturaldisciplinesinagriculturaluniversitiesandcollegesistoensurethestrategicsuperiorityandcorecompetenceofthem,whilethenonagriculturaldisciplinestobroadentheirprofessionalsphereandtoenhancetheircapacitytomeettheneedofsocietyandmarke.tSincetheyhavedifferentad872,::vantagesingaininggovernmentresourcesormarketresources,theycouldsupplementeachothersfunctionssymbioticallyintheuniversitiesstruggleforsurviva,landhelpagriculturaluniversitiesandcollegesbreakthroughresourcebottleneck.Fromtheperspectiveofstrategymanagemen,tagriculturaldisciplineswillstillserveasbackbonesinthefuturebecauseoftheircompetitivenessandpolicyfavoredstate,whilenonagriculturaldisciplinesmaybecomesecondarystrategicfocalpointsbecauseoftheirmarketcompetitiveness.Itwouldbeareliableandeffectivestrategyforagriculturaluniversitiesandcollegestochooseagriculturaldisciplinesastheirstrategicfocalpointsandsomeofthenonagriculturaldisciplinesastheirsecondaryfocalpoints.Keywords:agriculturaluniversitiesandcolleges,disciplinarydevelopingstructure,agriculturaldisciplines,nonagriculturaldisciplines,strategymanagement(上接第81页)RelationshipbetweenHuangHuaiRiverslandmakingandfloodinNorthJiangsuinMingandQingDynastiesLUYong,WANGSiming,GUOHua(InstituteofChineseAgriculturalCivilization,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing210095,China)Abstract:IntheMingandQingDynasties,theHuangheRiverengulfedtheHuaiheRiveratNorthJiangsuandflowedtothesea,andthelandwasthuscreatedneartheestuary.Thelandhadamountedtobe10,000km2andtheestuarypushedtowardstheseaby90kmby1855whentheHuangheRivershiftednorthward.TheHuangheRiverslandmakinghadcloseconnectionwithcalamityinNorthJiangsuarea,whicharemanifestedinthreefacts:heighteningtheprobabilityofburstingoftheriversandlakesandresultinginthefrequentflooddisasters,causingthefrequenttidalcalamitiesininshoreareas,anderodingthefarmsoilseriouslyextendingsalinelandandreducingthefertility,andforcingthesystemofcroptochange.Keywords:MingandQingdynasties,Huangheriver,makeland,northJiangsuarea,calamity88()7