云南枇杷炭疽病菌生物学特性研究

:1001-4829(2010)04-1380-03:2009-12-07:[XJ1Y0803];;[ZD200803]:(1976-),,,,,孔琼1,2,袁盛勇3,叶海燕1,刘振华2,王虹霞1,王德琴1,王云月2(1.,661100;2.,650201;3.,661100):本实验从碳氮源pH值光周期及湿度对枇杷炭疽菌生长的影响进行研究结果表明,该菌菌落生长的最佳碳源是麦芽糖,氮源是蛋白胨;促进产孢量增加的最佳碳源是麦芽糖,氮源是尿素在pH值为3~10内,菌丝均能生长和产孢,菌丝扩展最适pH值为6,产孢量最大和分生孢子萌发率最高的pH值为5全光照处理有利于菌落扩展和产孢量的增加,但抑制了分生孢子的萌发分生孢子在饱和湿度中萌发率较高,相对湿度低于81%时不能萌发,且致死温度为5010min:生物学特性;炭疽病;枇杷:S667.3:ABiologicalCharacteristicsofPathogenofColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenz.onLoquatinYunnanKONGQiong1,2,YUANShengyong3,YEHaiyan1,LIUZhenhua2,WANGHongxia1,WANGDeqin1,WANGYunyue2(1.DepartmentofBiology,HongheUniversity,YunnanMengzi661100,China;2.CollegeofPlantProtection,YunnanAgriculturalUniversity,YunnanKunming650201,China;3.DepartmentofAgronomy,HongheUniversity,YunnanMengzi661100,China)Abstract:Theeffectsofcarbonandnitrogensource,pHvalue,photoperiod,humidityonthecolonygrowth,sporulationandconidialgerminationofColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenz.werestudied.Theresultsshowed,forthecolonygrowth,theoptimumcarbonsourcewasmaltose,theoptimumnitrogensourcewaspeptone;Aboutsporulationquantity,theoptimumcarbonsourcewasmaltose,andtheoptimumnitrogensourcewasurea.ItgrewbetweenpH3-10,andoptimumpHvaluewas6forcolonygrowth,pHvalueofthelargestquantityinsporulationandthehighestofgerminationratewas5.Illuminationwaspropitioustothecolonygrowthandsporulation,butitinhibitedtheconidialgerminationofthefung.iThegerminationrateofconidiawashigherinsaturatedhumiditythanothers,itcouldnotgerminatewhentherelativehumiditybelow81%.Thelethaltemperatureofconidiawas50for10min.Keywords:Biologicalcharacteristics;ColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenz;loquat,[1],(ColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenz.),,,[2~4],,,,,111,[5],,[6],PDA7d12,5,;55mm,281380西南农业学报SouthwestChinaJournalofAgriculturalSciences2010234Vol23No41Table1TheeffectsofcarbonandnitrogensourceoncolonygrowthofColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenz.Carbonsource(mm)Colonydiameter(108/mL)SporeyieldNitrogensource(mm)Colonydiameter(108/mL)Sporeyield52.74!1.01Aa1.35!0.07Aa56.04!2.46Aa1.21!0.01Cb50.79!1.99ABa0.53!0.04Cb31.95!1.93Cc1.72!0.09Aa42.16!1.19Cc1.08!0.05Ba31.15!1.66Cc0.95!0.03Dbc46.68!1.67BCab0.50!0.09Cb43.01!0.57Bb1.51!0.10Ba46.50!1.08BCab1.03!0.08Ba41.26!2.01Bb0.71!0.03EcdCK(C)--CK(N)-0.56!0.06Ed:Duncan,P0.05;P0.01,,7;0.05%8010mL,,,,513[5],9(50%60%75%81%86%90%93%98%100%),2824h,14pHPDA,HClNaOHpH3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,8.0,9.0,10,,5mm,28,7,5HClNaOHpH3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0,7.0,8.0,9.0,10,pH,,2824h155mmPDA283(12L/12D),24h,7d162mL,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,5510min,2824h,2211,5,,,;,,,(P0.01);,4(P0.05)22(1)81%,,,,100%,73.79%23pH,pH3~10,(2)pH5~10,pH6,68.79!1.28mm,(P0.01);pH4~7,pH5,pH4,6,7,;pH5,24PDA,12h3(3),1Fig.1Influenceofrelativehumidityonrateofconidialgermination13814:2pHTable2TheresultsofpHoncolonygrowth,quantityandgerminationofsporespHpHValue(mm)Colonydiameter(108/mL)Sporeyield(%)Sporegerminationrate344.42!2.63Dc0.83!0.03Dd25.35!1.40Ede446.81!1.19CDbc1.85!0.09Bb42.09!1.16Bb551.26!4.08BCDbc2.24!0.10Aa48.52!0.43Aa668.79!1.28Aa1.89!0.07Bb39.22!1.27Bb755.53!4.27BCbc1.41!0.03Cc38.89!1.06Bb851.08!5.07BCDbc1.27!0.06Cc34.16!0.90Cc959.87!1.44ABab0.84!0.03Dd29.37!0.90Dd1054.78!2.93BCbc0.74!0.04Dd24.23!1.03Ee3Table3TheimpactofphotoperiodongrowthofColletotrichumgloeosporioidesPenz.Treatment(mm)Colonydiameter(108/mL)Sporeyield(%)Sporegerminationrate35.39!0.95Cc0.87!0.06Cb55.47!1.29Aa12L/12D52.13!0.99Bb1.15!0.11Bab52.8!1.15ABa63.04!0.68Aa1.52!0.04Aa49.16!1.95Ba,63.04!0.68mm,2(P0.01),(1.52!0.04)108/mL,2;,(P0.05)25454647484910min10.74%8.9%6.9%3.89%2.00%,5010min0,503,;;pH3~10,,;100%,[7],4~6,[8]:[1].[M].:,1990.144-147.[2].[M].:,2000.85.[3]DoddJC,EstradaAB,JegerMJ.EpidemiologyofColletotrichumgloeosporioidesinthetropics[M].In:BaileyJA,JegerMJ,eds.Colletotrichum:Biology,PathologyandContro.lWallingford,UK:CABInternational,1992.308-325.[4]JeffriesP,DoddJC,JegerMJ,eta.lThebiologyandcontrolofColletotrichumspeciesontropicalfruitcrops[J].PlantPathology,1990,39:343-366.[5].[M].:,1998.153-154.[6].[M].:,2001.[7],,,.[J].,2006,43(6):472-476.[8],,,.[J].,2004,21(3):34-35.(责任编辑王家银)1382西南农业学报23