[Eng]名校考博英语词汇内部资料

1考博英语词汇（1）第一部分词汇记忆策略1．全脑活化人类左右脑分析比较：左脑：意识、低速、一般阅读、知识、知觉、知性、逻辑右脑：无意识、超高速、速读、创造力、视觉、听觉、触觉、嗅觉、味觉、图像、色彩、直觉右脑具备左脑没有的特殊机能：1．超高速大量记忆机制2．图像化机能3．超高速演算机能4．共振共鸣机能2．举例说明：1326231828301521112419221314253．词汇记忆策略：联想法、串联法、构词法、近义词、近形词、易混淆词、加减词、固定搭配euthanasia,chrysanthemumflower----rose,lily,tulip,peony,carnation,camellia,azalea,narcissus,chrysanthemum,forget-me-not,poinsettia,…receive---deceive---conceive(-ceive=take;con-=共同)tumble---stumble（tumble…into/through跌倒；stumble…over/on脚下拌到东西而跌倒）stationary---stationery（文具，如笔pen,铅笔pencil中含有e,故见到e就想起是文具。）genius---genuine(含有us的是天才，因为我们是天才啊！另一个就是“真正的”),form---deform确（形状；变形）attachto第二部分实例练习1．联想法carnation,narcissus,coroner,chandelier,hippocampus,assassinate,antarctic,armour，abalone,flounder,cult,beau2．串联法network:Internet---cyberspace---email---e-commerce---website---on-line---homepage---browse---retrieve---logon…3．构词法-age（状态、特性、行为）page/rage,advantage/disadvantage,message/massage,courage/encourage,voltage/mileage,village/cottage,luggage/carriage,garagecoverage,cabbage,shortage,leakage,breakage,passage,postage,bondage（bond结束、约束、债券；bondage就含有“束缚、奴役”的意思）,damage,garbage（garb衣服）,manage,spillage,usage,storage,savage,sausage(sauce),dosage2language,image,heritage,engage-wardinward,outward,forward,backward,toward,upward,downward,seaward,skyward,---coward,reward,award,a-(构成作表语用的形容词；构成动词。。。)apart,aloud,around,away,afar,aboard,acrossalike,acute,alive,asleep,awareamaze,amend,amuse,arise,ascribe,avail,await,awake,award,abound,abridge,amountaffirm,acclaim,accompany,account,arrange,array,arrest,arrow4．近义词Merchants煤商BlameforIncomeThievesDealers买进卖出商人CondemnforWagesBurglarsBusinessmen（广义）商人AccuseofSalaryRobbersTradesmen（英）店主CriticizeforPayBanditsScene特别的景象，如泰山的日出AnnounceBuyersSyntheticScenery一国一地的自然风光PublishShoppersFalseViews特别的景象AdvertiseCustomersImitationNature强调大自然的感召力，不着重具体的自然景象InformClientsCounterfeitArtificialUrgent紧急SubstituteParticularHasty草率SelectionPeculiarMortalInstant立刻PreferenceSpecialFatalPrompt快速；及时AlternativeUnusualDeadlyContend竞争；斗争FraudPreliminaryImaginativeCompete比赛；竞争DeceivePrimaryImaginableStruggle斗争CheatElementaryImaginedConflict斗争DupeFundamentalImaginaryHinderDeclinePerplexReproachPrecludeDenyPuzzleScoldDetainRejectConfuseComplimentRetardRefuseReprimandHamperProtractReliableFatiguedEmpty3PostponeConfidentTiredBlankCancelFaithfulExhaustedVacantDelayDependentBoredBareAdjourn5．近形词fictionfractionfrictionfunctiontumblestumblescramblehumbletrembleresumeconsumeassumepresumeresumptionconsumptionassumptionpresumptionborecoreporesoresimplifymodifyverifyrectifyjustifytestifyrectifyverifytranscriptionsubscriptionprescriptiondescriptionattributecontributedistributetributeattitudealtitudeaptitudedescriptiveprescriptiveinterferenceinterruptioninterventioninteractiontransactiontransmissiontransformationtransitioncontactintactpossibilityvalidityreliabilitysecurityconceivableperceivableariseriseraisearouserespectfulrespectablerespectedrespectivedetainattainretaincertaincontainroomdoomboomloomintenseintentionalintensiveintendingintendedassureensureinsurereassuresometimessometimesometimesometimeshatchcatch4patchmatchbarerarecaredarefareharebanishvanishdiminishadmonishdurabilityflexibilityversatilityhostilitycooperatecoordinatecorrelatecorrespondobservereserveconservepreservedeservepriorsuperiorinferiorseniorjuniorsparrowswallowhollowsorrownarrowpillowboldcoldfoldgoldholdmoldsoldtoldmigrantimmigrantimmigrateimmigrationemigrantemigrateemigrationedgehedgewedgepledgededucereduceproduceinduceseduceprecludeexcludeincludeformdeforminformtransformconformcontemptattemptpromptexceptacceptconceptperceptreceivedeceiveconceiveperceiveachievebelievegrieverelieve自测题：1.不看讲义，试一试你的记忆力。利用联想法，你能记住多少刚才所学的词：1．____________________2.__________________3._________________4._____________________5.__________________6._________________7._____________________8.__________________9._________________10.____________________11._________________12.________________2.列出以下单词的近义词：1.income2.mortal3.urgent4.synthetic5.deceive6.retard7.empty8.confuse9.buyer10.contend3.列出以下单词的近形词：1.tumble2.description3.justify4.attain5.attribute6.prior汉英对照近义词Merchants煤商Dealers买进卖出商人Businessmen（广义）商人Tradesmen（英）店主Scene特别的景象，如泰山的日出Scenery一国一地的自然风光Views特别的景象Nature强调大自然的感召力，不着重具体的自然景象Urgent紧急Hasty草率Instant立刻Prompt快速；及时Contend搏斗；争夺(competeagainstsb.inordertogainsth.)Compete比赛；竞争(trytobemoresuccessfulthananotherpersonororganizationinbusiness)competewithsb.forsth./competeforoffice（争夺公职）/againstStruggle斗争(tryhardtoachievesth.)struggleagainstdifficulties/struggleforfreedomConflict斗争（两种观点、信仰不能同时存在，不能都正确。）aconflictofopinion（分歧）;Thetwoaccountsofwhathadhappenedconflictedwitheachother.（关于发生的事情，两个报道截然不同。）Hinder:makeitdifficultforsb.todosth.Orforsth.todevelopHighinvestrateswillhindereconomicgrowth.Preclude:(formal)preventsth.ormakesth.impossibleAgealonewillnotprecludehimfromstandingasacandidate.Detain:(officially)preventsb.fromleavingsomeplace（拘留；扣押）Delaysb.whowantstoleave,bytalkingtothem,askingthemtodosth.（耽搁；留住）Hewasdetainedbyaflattireonhiswayhome.Thepolicedetainedthema