毕业设计(论文)数控加工中心盘式刀库设计

毕业设计(论文)题目：数控加工中心盘式刀库设计中文摘要I摘要90年代以来，数控加工技术得到迅速的普及及发展，高速加工中心作为新时代数控机床的代表，已在机床领域广泛使用。自动换刀刀库的发展俨然已超越其为数控加工中心配套的角色，在其特有的技术领域中发展出符合机床高精度、高效率、高可靠度及多任务复合等概念的独特产品。刀库作为加工中心最重要的部分之一，它的发展也直接决定了加工中心的发展。本论文完成的是盘式刀库的总体设计、传动设计、结构设计以及传动部分的运动和动力设计。这种刀库在数控加工中心上应用非常广泛，其换刀过程简单，换刀时间短，定位精度高；总体结构简单、紧凑，动作准确可靠；维护方便，成本低。本刀库减速传动部分分两级减速，一级传动部分采用齿轮减速装置，二级传动部分采用蜗轮蜗杆减速装置，此种设计方案可提高输出轴的传动平稳性能，即提高刀盘的运转平稳性。本刀库满载装刀24把，采用单环排列方式排放，按就近选刀原则选刀。关键词：加工中心；刀库；数控加工英文摘要IIABSTRACTSincethe1990s,CNCmachiningtechnologymadetherapidanduniversaldevelopment,asaneweraoftherepresentativesofNCmachinetools,High-speedprocessingcenterhasbeenwidelyusedinthefieldofmachinetools.ThedevelopmentofautomaticToolChange,stoolhouseinrecentyearsseemstohavegonebeyondtheNCCenterforsupportingtheroleoftechnologyintheiruniqueareasofdevelopmenttomeetthehigh-precisionmachinetools,highefficiencyandreliability,andmorecomplextasks,suchastheconceptofuniqueproducts.Thetoolhouseasaprocessingcenteroneofthemostimportantpart,ithasadirectbearingonthedevelopmentoftheprocessingcenter'sdevelopment.Thispapercompletedtheoveralldesign,transmissiondesign,structuredesignandthetransmissionpart'smovementanddynamicdesignofthedisctoolhouse.SuchatoolhouseintheCNCMachiningCenteriswidelyused,thetoolchangeissimple,toolchangetimeisshort,high-precisionpositioning;overallstructureissimpleandcompact,Actionisaccurateandreliable;convenientmaintenanceandlowcost.Theslowdownpartinthetransmissionofthetoolhouseincludestwoparts,thefirstpartofthetransmissionisgeardecelerationdevice,thesecondtransmissionpartofthetransmissionisWormGeardecelerationdevice,suchdesigncanincreasetheoutputshaftofthetransmissionsmoothperformance,improvethesmoothfunctioningofthetoolhouse.Thetoolhousewhichcanloadwiththemaximumof24toolsusesingle-ringarrangementofemissionsandaccordingtotheprincipleofthenearesttoelectiontools.Keywords:Machiningcenters;Toolhouse;NC目录III目录1引言··································································································11.1数控加工中心概述············································································11.2数控加工中心的分类·········································································11.3加工中心的主要加工对象···································································21.4加工中心的特点···············································································31.5加工中心刀库的形式·········································································41.6换刀装置的形式···············································································52总体方案的确定·················································································72.1刀库主要参数··················································································72.2电动机的初选··················································································72.3确定传动装置的总传动比和分配传动比·················································82.4确定各轴转速、转矩和功率····························································92.5电动机的校核·············································································113刀库设计与校核···············································································133.1齿轮传动的计算············································································133.2轴的校核······················································································173.3滚动轴承的校核·············································································213.4蜗轮蜗杆的设计············································································223.5键的校核······················································································224刀具交换装置··················································································234.1换刀简介·······················································································234.2换刀过程·······················································································23结论····································································································24致谢····································································································25参考文献·····························································································26附录1···············································································································27附录2···············································································································28附录3···············································································································28毕业设计（论文）11引言1.1数控加工中心概述数字控制是20世纪中期发展起来的一种自动控制技术，是用数字化信号进行控制的一种方法[16]。采用数控技术进行控制的机床，称为数控机床[8]。加工中心（MachiningCenter,简称MC）是一种备有刀库并能自动更换刀具对工件进行多工序加工的数控机床。它是适应省力、省时和节能的时代要求而发展起来的，它综合了机械技术、电子技术、计算机软件技术、气动技术、拖动技术、现在控制理论、测量及传感技术以及通讯诊断、刀具和应用编程技术的高技术产品，将数控铣床、数控镗床、数控钻床的功能聚集在一台加工设备上，且增设有自动换刀装置和刀库，可以在一次安装工件后，数控系统控制机床按不同工序自动选择和更换刀具，自动改变机床主轴转速、进给量和刀具相对工件的运动轨迹及其他辅助功能；依次完成多面和多工序的端平面、孔系、内外倒角、环形槽及攻螺纹等加工[4]。随着电子技术的迅速发展，以及各种性能良好的传感器的出现和运用，加工中心的功能日趋完善，这些功能包括：刀具寿命的监视功能，刀具磨损和损伤的监视功能，切削状态的监视功能，切削异常的监视、报警和自动停机功能，自动检测和自我诊断功能及自适应控制功能等[1]。加工中心还与载有随行夹具的自