西藏八角莲叶斑病鉴定及其生物学特性研究

2010,36(2):83-86PlantProtection:2009-04-22:2009-06-04*Tel:[phone];Email:[e-mail]张格杰,何建清*,岳海梅(,860000)从西藏农牧学院药材基地的西藏八角莲(DysosmasayuensisYing)发病叶片上分离得到病原菌,对病原菌进行形态特征观察致病性测定及其生物学特性研究结果表明,八角莲叶斑病为八角莲上一种新病害,其病原菌为壳针孢属(Septoriasp.)真菌该菌能利用多种碳源和氮源,其中以山梨醇为最适碳源,蛋白胨为最适氮源,在无碳源和氮源条件下,菌丝生长不良,长势较差;菌丝生长最适温度为20~30;最适pH为7~9;不同光照条件对菌丝生长无显著影响本试验明确了引起西藏八角莲叶斑病的病原,为该病的深入研究和防治提供了依据西藏八角莲;叶斑病;病原鉴定;生物学特性:S435.67:ADOI:10.3969/j.issn.0529-1542.2010.02.017IdentificationofthepathogenoftheleafspotofDysosmasayuensisanditsbiologicalcharacteristicsZhangGejie,HeJianqing,YueHaimei(CollegeofAgricultureandAnimalHusbandry,TibetUniversity,Linzhi860000,China)AbstractThemorphology,pathogenicandbiologicalcharacteristicsofthepathogenisolatedfromtheleavesofDysosmasayuensisYingwerestudiedinTibet.Theresultsshowedthatitwasanewpathogen,belongingtoSeptoriasp.Thepathogencouldusemanykindsofcarbonandnitrogennutrientsources,inwhichsorbitolandpeptonewerethebestformycelialgrowth.Myceliacouldnotgrewwellwithoutcarbonandnitrogensources.TheoptimumrearingtemperatureandpHvalueformyceliawere20-30andpH7-9.Therewerenosignificantdifferencesbetweendifferentconditionsofillumination.Thesedataprovidedthebasisforintensiveresearchandcontrolofthedisease.KeywordsDysosmasayuensisYing;leafspot;pathogenidentification;biologicalcharacteristics(DysosmasayuensisYing),,,,[1][11],,,.[J].,2008(12):70-72.[12],.[J].,1995,22(4):331-336.[13]HackettDS,GatehouseAG.DiapauseinHeliothisarmigera(Hbner)andH.fletcheri(Hardwick)(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)intheSudanGezira[J].BulletinofEntomologicalResearch,1982,2:409-422.[14]YataO,ShimaH,SaigusaT,etal.PhotoperiodicresponseoffourJapanesespeciesofthegenusPieris(Lepidoptera:Pieridae)[J].Kontyu,1979,7(2):185-190.[15]TaniS.ThegrowthresponsetotemperatureandphotoperiodicInductionofpupaldiapauseintheintroducedbutterfly,SericinusmontelaGrey(Lepidoptera:Papilionidae)[J].EnvironmentScienceResearch,1994,7:35-40.[16]WangXP,YangQS,ZhouXM,etal.EffectofPhotoperiodassociatedwithdiapauseinductionontheaccumulationofmetabolitesinSericinusmontelus(Lepidoptera:Papilionidae)[J].AppliedEntomologyandZoology,2007,42(3):419-424.2010,,,,[2-7],,,,,2007-200811.1(4-10),100,,1.220074-1020084-10,,,1.31.3.1自然发病组织上病菌观察,,,1.3.2分离培养,0.5cm2,70%5s,0.1%1min,3,PDA,25,,PDA1.4,4mm,,3,20,48h,2d1.51.5.1不同碳源对菌丝生长速率的影响(Czapek),,1.5.2不同氮源对菌丝生长速率的影响,,1.5.3温度对菌丝生长的影响PDA,510152025303540,5d,31.5.4pH对菌丝生长的影响,pH23456789101112,25,5d,31.5.5光照条件对菌丝生长的影响PDA,12h,28,5d22.14,72007,,90%,187,7-8,20d,2.2,(1ab),,,(1a)2~6mm,(1c)2.3,2d,,4d,,84362:,6d,,2.4,,,,,,(1d),,,,,,,,,45~65m,40~55m;,,,2.8~4.5m,,,(1e);,,,,,,(19~35)m!(1~1.5)m(1f),[8],,,,(Septoriasp.)12.52.5.1不同碳源氮源对病菌菌丝生长速率的影响1,,,,9.3mm/d,,,6.8mm/d2,,,,,,10mm/d;,,6mm/d,,2.5.2温度对病原菌菌丝生长的影响,10~35,20~301035(2)8520101/mmd-10.050.01/mmd-10.050.019.3aA10.0aACK9.0aACK8.8bB8.8aA8.5bcBC7.9bB8.0cdBC7.5bBC7.7dCD7.4bcBCD7.1eD7.3bcBCD6.9eD7.0cdCD5.7fE6.8dD4.1gF2//mmd-10.050.01307.1aA206.7abA256.1abAB154.6bcABC101.2cdBC350.3cdBC400dC50dC2.5.3pH对菌丝生长的影响pH2~12,pH212pH7~9,,pH2.5.4光照条件对菌丝生长的影响3,,3,,(Septoriasp.),,,,;,,,,,;20~30,10~35;pH7~9;,,,[1],,.[M].:,1989:153.[2].[J].,2000,24(6):748-753.[3],.[J].,1994,12(3):217-219.[4],.3[J].,1994,12(2):111-115.[5],.[J].,1994,12(1):44-48.[6],.[J].,1992,10(4):385-386.[7],.[J].,2001,21(4):561-566.[8].[M].:,2004:289-291.86