2017陕西中考主谓一致专项

中考英语二轮复习资料1中考主谓一致专项【主谓一致命题】1、主谓一致的语法一致原则2、主谓一致的意义一致原则3、主谓一致的就近一致原则4、主谓一致的附加原则一、语法形式一致的原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。“单则单，复则复”，指主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。但须注意下列几种情况：1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Tostartsmokingquiteeasy,buttogiveitupneedscourage.ReadingEnglishnewspapersagoodwayofimprovingyouEnglish.Whatyouneedmosttohaveagoodsleep.[注]由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用形式。2、由and或both...and来连接并列主语时，谓语用复数。Swimmingandwalkinggoodexercises.BothJohnandAnn（have）gotpen-friends.。[注]1）并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。Theteacherandwriterabsentatthemeeting.Theteacherandthewriterbusynow.。2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no,each,every或manya，morethanone修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirl（have）therighttoreceiveeducation.Manyastudenthavingpracticeinthatfactory.许多学生正在那家工厂实习。Morethanonestudentinterestedinthebook.不止一个学生对这本书感兴趣。3、如果主语是单数，尽管后面跟有(together)with,aswellas,like,but,except,besides，including,nolessthan,ratherthan,asmuchas，morethan，alongwithinadditionto等介词短语，其谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数。Ateachertogetherwithsomestudents（have）climbedtothetopofthemountain.Maryaswellasherfriends(like)thispainting.4、不定代词each,either,neither和由some,any,no,every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Everyoneknowssmokingcigarettesbadforhealth.Nothingtobedone5、在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数，应与句中先行词的数一致。Itsoundslikeatrainwhich/thatgoingundermyhouse.Peoplewho(study）thethinkthattherewillbeanotherbigonesoon.6、“alotof/lotsof，plentyof，therestof，someof＋名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词（短语）保持一致。中考英语二轮复习资料2Mostofthestudentsinourclassleague.Mostofthefooddelicious.注：all单独作主语表示“人”时，谓语用复数；表示“整个事件”时，谓语用单数。Allpresent.Allwell.注：“anumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用；“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用。Alargenumberofbuildingsburntdown.Thenumberofstudentsinourschool2500.7、由“分数或百分数+of+名词（或代词）”作主语时，动词的数与名词保持一致.Twothirdsofthecountrydryordesert.Twothirdsofthepeoplepresentagainsttheplan.8、如果主语是由“akindof，apairof等+名词”构成谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：Thiskindofmendangerous.。[注]these/thosekindsof＋复数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。二、意义一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义。常见的有以下几种情况：1、表示总称意义的名词，如people,police等作主语时，只当作复数看待，谓语都用复数。Thepolicesearchingforamurdererinthatmountain.2、以集体名词army,class,enemy,family,government,group,team，等集体名词作主语时，谓语应视其情况而用不同形式：当作主语被看作一个整体时，谓语用单数，如果被看成是其中的个体成员时，谓语就用复数。Ourclassbetterthananyotherclassesatplayingbasketballinourschool.Ourfamilynotpooranymore.我们家已经不再贫困了。3、当一些有两部分构成的表示时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如glasses,trousers（裤子）,shoes，chopsticks（筷子）,scissors（剪刀）,socks.但如果这些名词前有apairof等量词修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。Myglassesnew.Apairofnewshoesinyoursuitcase.。4、当表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度、价值等数词短语作主语，根据意义一致原则，通常被看作一个整体，其谓语用单数。Twentyyearsalongtimetous.Onethousandpoundsalotofmoney.---Howmuch________theshoes?---Fivedollars_________enough．[青岛市]A．is；isBare；isC．are；areD．is；are5、某些形复意单的名词(如表示人名、地名、组织、书籍报刊等专有名词和学科名词等)作主语，谓语用单数。Physicsadifficultsubjecttolearn,Ithink.中考英语二轮复习资料3TheUnitedStatesinNorthAmerica.Newsistravellingfastnowadays.6、数词作主语时，谓语用单数，但有四则运算中，谓语一般用单数。Tenaroundnumber.Threehundredandfortyplussixhundredandsixtyonethousand.三、就近一致原则，即谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定，又称为毗邻一致原则。1、当or，either...or,neither...nor,notonly...butalso...，whether...or...等连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词。EitheryouorLilytodothecleaningaftersupper.Notonlythemotherbutalsothechildrenthere.NotonlyJimbutalsohissister______afewcitiessincetheycametoChina．[临沂市]A．willvisitB.hasvisitedC．havevisitedD．visited2、在倒装句中如一个句子由there或here引起，而主语又不止一个，谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语保持一致。Thereadesk，atableandthreechairsintheroom.习题()1.(2016·黔东南)Climbinghills_____goodforourhealth.A.areB.isC.wasD.were()2.(2016·咸宁)—Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?—Itogetherwithmyclassmates____goingtoclimbMountQian.A.isB.amC.areD.Were()3.(2016·达州)—Icalledyouat5:00yesterdayafternoon，butnooneanswered.—Sorry，Iwithmyparents______atthattime.A.wasshoppingB.wereshoppingC.areshoppingD.wentshopping()4.(2016·孝感)Anumberofvolunteers____fromfarawaycities.A.isB.areC.iscomeD.arccome()5.(2016·白银)Thezookeeperisworriedbecausethenumberofvisitors________smallerandsmaller.A.becomeB.arebecomingC.isbecomingD.havebecome()6.(2016·广东)—Doyouneedmoretimetocompletethetask?—Yes.Anothertendays______enough.A.isB.wasC.areD.were()7.(2016·宜宾)Look!Thepolice_____thefoodontothebankoftheriver.A.amcarryingB.iscarryingC.arecarryingD.arecarried()8.(2013·广安)—Maths______myfavoritesubject.Whataboutyou?—Physics_______.Ithinkit’sveryinteresting.A.is;isB.are;areC.are;is中考英语二轮复习资料4()9.(2016·佛山)Thankstotheorganization，somemoney______giventothepoorchildren.A.wasB.wereC.are()10.(2016·自贡)—Howsooncanyoufinishthisjob?—Twodays____enoughformetofinishthework.Ineedaweek.A.isn’tB.aren’tC.is()11.(2016·广安)—NeitherTonynorI____interestedinplayingWeibo.—Youareout.A.amB.isC.are()12.(2016·白银)There______greatchangesinsuchkindofPDAs(掌上电脑)inthelastfewyears.A.hasbeenB.havebeenC.hashadD.havehad()13.(2016·济宁)Acrossfrommyhome，_______ashopwhichsellsthingsfromforeigncountries.A.itisB.ithasC.thereisD.thatis()14.(2016·重庆)There______lotsofsheepandpigsonmyuncle’sfarmnow.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are()15.(2016·安顺)NeithermysisternorI______beentoAmericabefore.A.haveeverB.haveneverC.haseverD.hasnever()16.(2016·黄石)—SorrySir，I’vemadesomanymistakesinthispaper.—It’sOK._____.Thi