汽车制造业模块化供应关系及协调机制研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文汽车制造业模块化供应关系及协调机制研究姓名：钱镇申请学位级别：硕士专业：企业管理指导教师：吴迪20070124123ARESEARCHONTHEMODULARIZATIONSUPPLYRELATIONSHIPANDCOLLABORATIONMECHANISMINAUTOMOBILEINDUSTRYABSTRACTThemodularizationoutsourcingisoneofthemostimportantprospectsintheautomobileindustry.Howtosuccessfullydealwiththechallengesofthemodularizationsupplyrelationship-buildingisavitalissuetotheautomobileOEMsandsuppliers.Otherwise,therelationshipcan’tbebuiltsmoothly.TheBlack-BoxEffects(BBEs)whichcausedbythemodularizationoutsourcingisthekeyissuetotheOEM,whiletheriskofmodularizationspecific-investments(MSIs)isthemainonetothesupplier.Firstly,thearticleestablishesandanalysesthegeneralgamemodelofthemodularizationrelationship-buildingbetweentheOEMsandsuppliers.Thesolutionsofthecollaborationmechanismtopromotetherelationship-buildingaredrawn:theBBEsshouldbecutdowntotheOEM,theMSIsriskshouldbeloweredtothesupplier,thecertainamountcompensationfromtheOEMshouldbepaidtothesupplier,whilethepunishmentmethodstoavoidthesupplier’sopportunismbehaviorintherelationshipbuildingprocessshouldn’tbeimplementedimmediately.4Secondly,theBBEswhichappearintheprocessofthemodularizationsupplyrelationship-buildingarestudiedindetail.TotheviewpointthatthemodularizationoutsourcingprocessbringstheBBEs,thedifferentsolutionshavebeenapprovedtothedifferentBBEsindifferentmodularizationoutsourcingpathstothefewtypicalmodules.Finally,thedifficultiesofthesupplierinrelationship-buildingwhichcalledinvestmentproblemsarestudiedaccordingtothethreestageofthemodularizationoutsourcing.Onthegroundofthestudyoftheinvestmentproblemsoftypicalpathsandthestudyoftheeffectivenessofthefeasiblemethodstotheinvestmentproblems-solving,differentmethods-profileshavebeenapprovedtothetypicalpathsofthefewdifferenttypicalmodules.Theresultsoftheresearcharequalitativeandwillgenerallydirectthespecificpracticeofthemodularizationoutsourcingrelationship-buildinginreallife,andstillitcanbethereferencetothemodularizationoutsourcingrelationship-buildinginotherindustries.KEYWORDS:Modularization,AutomobileIndustry,SupplyRelationship,CollaborationMechanism,Black-BoxEffects,Specific-InvestmentsRisk.11.1Wintel1964IBM19972000[1][2],(Modularity),[3][4]PCCPU2[5][6]TJISJustInSequence[7]199511Focus19971998SMART[8][5]IMVP(TheInternationalMotorVehicleProgramatMIT)2002200320052006[5]3[9][10][11][12][13][7][14]1.212345641.3,52.12.1.11964IBM360[1][3]1997[1],(Modularity),2000IBM360360IBMIBMIBMWintelPCIT[2][1]199062-1[15]2-1[16]Fig.2-1TheProductArchitecture[16][3]IBM360//Pathfinder19907Wintel[17][18][19](Operationstrategy),,,[20][21][22][13][23][3]2.1.2BaldwinClark6SplitSubstitutionExcludeAugmentInversionPorting[2]1BaldwinClark[2][3]82BaldwinClark[2]3[2][24]1BaldwinClarkComponentSharingComponentSwappingModularityCut-to-FitModularityMixModularityBusModularitySectionalModularity[25][26]2[27]3SanchezMahoney1996SchillingSteensma(2001)[22]9()[28](2003),,,[29][22][30]Sturgeon(2002):,,(HorizontalIntegration)[31]2003,,(ValueConstellation),,,[32](BusinessEcosystem)[33]2.220206310[8][6][34]2.2.112-2[35][36]2-2[36]Fig.2-2TheArchitectureofSupplyChainModel[36][37]20902JISJustInSequence112-32-4[8][7][6][38][8]p41p512-3[39]Fig.2-3TheModularizationProductionProcessoftheAutomobile[39]2-4[8]Fig.2-4TheModularizationProgressoftheAutomobile’sModules[8]A.Focus121000m225m25%1/346003000B.10%20021519902000201012C.C3002.2.21A.[7][8][34][42]B.[7][27]C.[34][42]D.[42]E.[40]F.[42]2A.13[38][2]B.PCIBMPC[41]PC1100F-1501000[8]PCPPCBit[5]PCC./[7][8]D.[8]E.[8]142.2.31[5][38]VDA201020%50%2[44][45][46]3[43]2010600251800[8]4[8]GE5[5]10IBM2.315,3.116[47]3.23-1[48][49]3-1Fig.3-1TheStrategyProfilesoftheModularizationSupplyRelationship-buildingbetweentheOEMsandSuppliers(0)UpUsVpVs17LpLsZpZsBFRp:Rs:3-2Up-Vp-Rp-BUs-Vs-Rs+B-Vp-Zp-Vs-Rs-Zs-Lp+F-Ls-F-Zp-Zs,3-2Fig.3-2ThePayoffMatrixoftheModularizationSupplyRelationship-buildingbetweentheOEMsandSuppliers-F+BRsRp4330Up-Vp-Rp-B,Us-Vs-Rs+B-Lp+F,-Ls-F-Vp-Zp,-Vs-Rs-Zs-Zp,-Zs183.33RpRsBFP1P2RpRsBF3.3.1RpRsBFMMii12mmii12Mm1Vp=M1Rp=M2LpM3Up=M1Vp=M1Rp=M2Lp=mVpRpUpVp19RpLpMLp=mVp=MUp=MUpMRpM2Up+Lp=M1UsLs=M2Vp+Rp=m1VsRs=m2UpLpM1MUsLsM2,M20VpRpm1mVsRs(m2)mVpRpm1VsRs(m2)3)Up+Lp=M1Zp=mVsRs=M2Up+Lp=M1VsRs=M2Zp=mBVs+Rs213.3.2RpRsBFP1P2RpRsB-F4P10P11P20P21,P1P2P1P24EpP1*P2*+P1*(1-P2)*+(1-P1)*P2*+(1-P1)*(1-P2)*EsP2*P1*+P2*(1-P1)*+(1-P2)*P1*+(1-P2)*(1-P1)*01p=∂∂PEπP2/()02s=∂∂PEπP1/()Vs+RsUs-Vs-Rs+B+Ls+F,FLsBUsRsVsP++++=13-1Lp-F-ZpUp-Rp-B+Zp,)()()(2BRpUpFLpZpFLpP−−+−−−=3-20P11Lp-F0Up-Rp-B0Lp-F-Zp03-3(3-1)VsRsUsBLsFP1RsBFP1VsRsUsLsBFVsP1UsLs22P1(3-2)LpFZpUpRpBP2RpBF3-3P2RpBUpZpUpP2ZpP24RpRsBFP1P2P1P24(3-1)(3-2)(3-3)011+++=∂∂FLsBUsRsP3-40)()(112++++−=∂∂=∂∂FLsBUsRsVsFPBP3-50)]()[()(222≥−−+−−−=∂∂=∂∂BRpUpFLpZpFLpRpPBP(3-60)]()[()(22≤−−+−−−−−=∂∂BRpUpFLpZpBRpUpFP(3-7(3-6RpP2P2RpP2RsP2RpRpRpP2(3-4)RsP1P1RsP2RsP1P23-5(3-6BP1P223P2P2BP1P23-5(3-7FP1P2P1P1P2P1P24P1P24RpRsBF3-13-1P1P2P1P2P1P2RpP2P1P2RsP1P2P1BP2P1P1P2P1FP2P1P24243.3.3Zp=M1Zs=M2Zs=MZp=MZp=m1Zs=m21RpRsB2RpRsB3254B3.4cheaptalk26[13][47]274.14.1.1[7]OEMODMDMSEMS28[50]4JITJustInTimeJISJustInSequence[7]4-17M1M74-