2013商志考研英语笔记

A：Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend＄12to＄50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlyStoppedshowingup.bitinghernails=scratchone’shead不知所措，束手无策；whenitcomesto名词，主谓。。。。a用法：引出文章topicb翻译为：当提到。。。时当谈及。。。时Writing：whenitcomesto题目，opinionsvary。Manytendtoclaimthat。Others，however，maycontendthatclaim主张，认为some——somepeopleHoldmany——manypeopleArguefew——Contendthose——注：日本人——Thosewhoarefromjapan，（写作：简单问题复杂化。）省略“people”Thosewhoarefromaverageuniversities。。。Topuniversitymay/might主语+tendto+谓语。。。。。。。。。。seemtoB、Thisisanexplosivesituation（危急关头，可怕局面）foranyindustry（行业）,particularlyadecliningone.Slowing/Falling/Declining/Fading*slowing减速的*falling日以下跌的，逐渐下跌的Acceleration加速fallingcommunicationcostsSlowdown减速fallingtransportationcosts/spending/budgetGrowingindustrialcompetitivenessofemergingeconomies*declining衰退的，走下坡路的Adecliningindustryglobaleconomicdecline例：北师大nowisonthedeclinewhile东北师大isnowontheriseIndustry行业Energy-intensiveindustryAutoindustryOne作代词仿：Thisisanexplosivesituationforanycountry，particularlyforadevelopingone。补充：risinggrowingincreasingsoaring*risingcosts支出，费用risingconcern关注writing：幸运的是，今天人们越来越关注这种现象。Risingconcern，fortunately，hasbeengiventodaytosuchanupsettingphenomenon。*Growingattention=Risingconcern关注GrowingcompetitivenessofemergingcountriesGrowingthreatofXXX*Anincreasingnumberof=moreandmore*soaring：激增的SoaringhomepricesSoaringhealthcosts/spending/budgethealthcare医疗卫生Cbitinghernails不知所措，束手无策*haveaZZZ=noisilydozeoff瞌睡，入睡*putpentopaper=write*Whileeventhemodestlyeducatedsoughtanelevatedtonewhentheyputpentopaperbeforethe1960s,eventhemostwellregardedwritingsincethenhassoughttocapturespokenEnglishonthepage.*While，。（对立对比）While中国XXX，japanXXX。Writing：whilesomeseemtoclaimthat，othersmightarguethattheeducatedthepoorlyeducated受教育程度不高的人themodestlyeducated受教育程度中等，一般的thehighlyeducated受教育高的，不是高等教育Seek——soughtseekto旨在做。。。想要做。。。，目的是。。。anelevatedtone有高度的语言mothertoneelevatornativetone母语themostwellregardedwriting被认为最好的capture抓住，俘虏引申义：抓来就用WritingspokenFormaloralElevatedinformalAcademicTheauthorthinksthepresentrushtoputcomputersintheclassroomis.［A］far-reaching［B］dubiouslyoriented［C］self-contradictory［D］radicallyreformatoryInthepast—atpresent—atthefuturerush狂热，热goldrush淘金热TherushtogoabroadTherushtolearnEnglish*Putcomputersintheclassroom：多媒体教学far-reaching意义深远当提到这减速的经济时，某人还没有不知所措。not。。。（just）yet：尚未，还没有。。。。。。Whenitcomestotheslowingeconomy,EllenSperoisn'tbitinghernailsjustyet.Butthe47-year-oldmanicuristisn'tcutting,fillingorpolishingasmanynailsasshe'dliketo,either.Mostofherclientsspend＄12to＄50weekly,butlastmonthtwolongtimecustomerssuddenlystoppedshowingup.*1超纲词的推理Manicurist，根据上下文推理。a：看超纲词所在句子这个句子中往往有提示the47-year-oldmanicurist=she(EllenSpero)b：看这个超纲词所在段的段落主题句（topic）*2并列结构Cutv剪orFilev锉磨andPolishv上油,or,,andNotasmanyas/notsomanyas浙大hasasmanyasstudentas厦大浙大doesn’thaveasmanystudentas厦大***3多变化：a标点多变化，b用词多变化c句式多变化ClientCustomerShopper顾客，客户BuyerPatronpatronage：光临thepatronageofthoseundertheageof18patronize：光顾，回顾注：三大类十四种句型：基本句型：主谓。。。。。。。。。。。升级高级句型：三大类十四小种A：主语。。插入。。。谓语。。。。。4种情况：a从句b过去分词短语——edwhichis现在分词短语——ingwho不定式短语——to。。。（主语）形容词短语——adj介词短语——prepc情态动词seemtotendtocould/mayd双逗号结构主语，，谓语。。。。。双破折号结构B：主谓。。。。。。。。。。。。。。补充a从句B过去分词短语——ed删去whichis/are现在分词短语——ingwho不定式短语——to。。。（主语）形容词短语——adj介词短语——prep变异主谓。。。。。。。。。。。。。。，补充A从句B过去分词短语——ed删去whichis/are现在分词短语——ingwho不定式短语——to。。。（主语）形容词短语——adj介词短语——prepC独立主格结构D同位语C：引导，主谓。。。。。。。。。。。。。a从句b过去分词短语——ed删去whichis/are现在分词短语——ingwho不定式短语——to。。。（主语）形容词短语——adj介词短语——prepc独立主格结构d副词：therefore，主谓。。。。。。。。。。。。。indeed，主谓。。。。。。。。。。。。。unfortunately，主谓。。。。。。。。。。。。。*2showup露面，出现ThenegativefeelingsgeneratedduringthedaytendtoshowupindreamsearlyatnightNegative消极的，否定的Positive积极地Thenegativefeelings主语showup谓语主语。。。—edtendto谓语generate=produce产生，生产*3三大逻辑关系之对立对比关系，but，While，Blame指着；责备；归咎于。。。。。。Owe。。。。Ato。。。。。。BA的原因是BAttribute、、、、、to、、、、、、、、、、、Sheowesthisaccidenttohernegligence（疏忽）Sheblamethisaccidentbecausesheneglects。Ericssonandhiscolleaguesbelievethathighachieversowetheirsuccessmostlytonurture.XXX和XXX认为成就高的人主要原因是后天培养。highachievers：those（who）havehighachievementsowe结果to原因nurture培养，栽培vnutrition营养n（牛吹神）nutriment营养品主要的：mainly/mostly/chiefly/primarilyAccordingtotheauthor,thedepartmentstoresofthe19thcenturyoweditsemergencetothecultureofconsumptiondepartmentstores百货商店emergencen出现emergev出现emergingcountries新兴国家emergingeconomies新兴国家的经济***引号Reading：引号中的内容不用读；但是，当段首句出现引号时，必读。Writing：必须用上！！例：“，”argues（notes）Dr.LiJi，a47-year-oldsociologyprofessoratFudanUniversity.SoSperoisdownscaling,shoppingatmiddle-browDillard'sdepartmentstorenearhersuburbanClevelandhome,insteadofNeimanMarcus.主谓。。。。。。。。。。。，—ing。。。。。。。。—ing。。。。。。。。。。，主谓。。。。。。。。当一个主语做了两个或更多的动作时，其中一个动作作谓语动词，而另一个动作用—ing形式。例：她早早起床冲忙去了机场。Shegotupearlythismorningandwenttotheairport。Gettingupearlythismorning，shewenttotheairporthurriedlyShegotupearlythismorning，goingtotheairporthurriedly。Hearingallegationsofcrueltytoanimalsinresearchsettings,manyareperplexedthatanyonewoulddeliberatel