2003年全国职称英语考试卫生类(A级)真题及答案

年职称英语考试卫生类A级试题及答案第1部分：词汇选择1．Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.A.inventedB.explainedC.consideredD.accepted2.Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.A.heavyB.strongC.wildD.kind3.Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.A.makingB.takingC.expectingD.discussing4.Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing.A.wasteB.buy’shistory.A.cleanB.perfectC.brief’clock.A.beganB.continuedC.resumedD.ended11.Aredflagwasplacedthereasatokenofdanger.A.substituteB.signC.proofD.target12.Howeverbadthesituationis,themajorityisunwillingtoriskchange.A.eagerB.reluctantC.pleased第2部分：阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑(免疫缺陷)virus(HIV),oneofmankind’smostfearedviruses,asacarrierofgeneswhichcanfightcancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpertssayHIVhasanalmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody’simmune(免疫的)defenses,makingitidealforcarryingreplacementgenesintopatients’bodies,accordingtotheObserver.AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute,oneoftheworld’sleadingresearchcentersonbiologicalsciences,hascreatedaspecialnewbreedofHIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeUSFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)tobeginclinicalgenetherapy(治疗)trialsthisyear.ThefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInderVermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave”farwiderapplications”.Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmakinguseofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworldinthepasttwodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposewas“shocking”butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved.Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient’sbodyfailstoworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyears,breakthroughsingenetics(遗传学)haveledgenetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally.Unfortunately,thebody’simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthemodifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheirtaskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitablecarrier.TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrom,andthendestroy,theimmunedefensecellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractivetoscientistsasawayofsecretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients’bodies.’simmunecells.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrialssoon.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21Itisthelackofmoneythathashelduptheprogressinusingreplacementgenestocurecancer.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子ExercisingYourMemory1Agingdoesnotmeanadramaticdeclineinmemorypower,unlessyouhelpithelpbylettingyourmindgo.(lessthanoneminute;rememberingatelephonenumberwhileyoudial,forinstance),long-term(overaperiodofyears)andverylong-termmemory(overalifetime).3Short-termmemoryisn'tmastereduntilaboutage7,butafterthatyouneverloseit.Long-termmemory,however,involvesmoreeffortandskillandchangesthroughlife.It'snotuntiltheearlyteensthatmostpeopledevelopamaturelong-termmemory.4First,wemustgetinformationintoourheadsthroughlearning.Learningstrategiescangetrusty(生锈的，迟钝的)withoutconstantuse.Highschoolandcollegestudents,whoareforcedtorepeatedlyexercisetheirlong-termmemoryabilities(atleastlong-termenoughtogetthemthroughafinalexam),usuallydowellonmemorytests.Thel