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theworldasiseeit爱因斯坦我的世界观Howstrangeisthelotofusmortals!Eachofusishereforabriefsojourn;forwhatpurposeheknowsnot,thoughhesometimesthinkshesensesit.Butwithoutdeeperreflectiononeknowsfromdailylifethatoneexistsforotherpeople—firstofallforthoseuponwhosesmilesandwell-beingourownhappinessiswhollydependent,andthenforthemany,unknowntous,towhosedestiniesweareboundbythetiesofsympathy.AhundredtimeseverydayIremindmyselfthatmyinnerandouterlifearebasedonthelaborsofothermen,livinganddead,andthatImustexertmyselfinordertogiveinthesamemeasureasIhavereceivedandamstillreceiving.IamstronglydrawntoafrugallifeandamoftenoppressivelyawarethatIamengrossinganundueamountofthelaborofmyfellowmen.Iregardclassdistinctionsasunjustifiedand,inthelastresort,basedonforce.Ialsobelievethatasimpleandunassuminglifeisgoodforeverybody,physicallyandmentally.我们这些肉体凡胎是多么奇怪啊!每个人来到这个世上都只作短暂停留,究竟为了什么目的却无从知晓,虽然有时觉得自己好像有所感悟。但是,无需深入思考,仅从日常生活就可明白,人是为他人而存在的——首先是为这样一些人:他们的欢笑、健康和福祉与我们的幸福息息相关;其次是为那些为数众多的陌生人,因为同情他们,使得我们与他们的命运联系在了一起。每一天,我都上百次地提醒自己,我的精神和物质生活都是建立在他人(包括生者和死者)的劳动基础上,对于我已经得到和正在得到的一切,我必须尽力给以相同程度的回报。我深深向往一种俭朴的生活,由于经常意识到自己占用了同胞太多的劳动而心有不安。我认为阶级区分是不正当的,其最终的达成方式常常诉诸暴力。我还认为,无论是在身体上还是心理上,过一种简单而不铺张浪费的生活对每个人都有好处。Idonotatallbelieveinhumanfreedominthephilosophicalsense.Everybodyactsnotonlyunderexternalcompulsionbutalsoinaccordancewithinnernecessity.Schopenhauer’ssaying,“Amancandowhathewants,butnotwantwhathewants,”hasbeenaveryrealinspirationtomesincemyyouth;ithasbeenacontinualconsolationinthefaceoflife’shardships,myownandothers’,andanunfailingwellspringoftolerance.Thisrealizationmercifullymitigatestheeasilyparalyzingsenseofresponsibilityandpreventsusfromtakingourselvesandotherpeoplealltooseriously;itisconducivetoaviewoflifewhich,inparticular,giveshumoritsdue.我完全不相信哲学意义上的人的自由。每个人的行为不仅受外在力量的约束,还要与内在需求协调一致。叔本华说:“人可以任意而为,却不能心想事成。”这句话从我年轻时起就一直深深地启发着我。在面对生活的艰辛时——无论是我自己还是他人的艰辛,这句话总能不断地给我安慰,成为永不枯竭的忍耐的源泉。这一认识能够仁慈地缓和那份令人几欲崩溃的责任感,并防止我们太把自己或者他人当回事,还有助于形成一种尤其幽默的人生观。Toinquireafterthemeaningorobjectofone’sownexistenceorthatofallcreatureshasalwaysseemedtomeabsurdfromanobjectivepointofview.Andyeteverybodyhascertainidealswhichdeterminethedirectionofhisendeavorsandhisjudgments.InthissenseIhaveneverlookeduponeaseandhappinessasendsinthemselves—thisethicalbasisIcalltheidealofapigsty.Theidealswhichhavelightedmyway,andtimeaftertimehavegivenmenewcouragetofacelifecheerfully,havebeenKindness,Beauty,andTruth.Withoutthesenseofkinshipwithmenoflikemind,withouttheoccupationwiththeobjectiveworld,theeternallyunattainableinthefieldofartandscientificendeavors,lifewouldhaveseemedtomeempty.Thetriteobjectsofhumanefforts—possessions,outwardsuccess,luxury—havealwaysseemedtomecontemptible.客观地说,探求自己或者其他所有生命存在的意义或者目标,我一直都认为是荒唐之举。然而,每个人多少都有自己的理想,决定着他的奋斗目标和他对事情的看法。从这个意义上说,我从来都不会把安逸和幸福看作终极目标——我将这种伦理道德的基础称之为“猪圈理想”。一直以来,是对真、善、美的追求照亮了我的道路,一次又一次给我以新的勇气,让我愉快地面对生活。如果没有对志同道合者的那种亲近感,如果没有对客观世界——那个艺术和科学研究永远也无法穷极的世界——的孜孜以求,生命对我来说就是一场空。那些向来为世人竞相追求的目标——财产、奢华和外在的成功——我对此不屑一顾。Mypassionatesenseofsocialjusticeandsocialresponsibilityhasalwayscontrastedoddlywithmypronouncedlackofneedfordirectcontactwithotherhumanbeingsandhumancommunities.Iamtrulya“lonetraveler”andhaveneverbelongedtomycountry,myhome,myfriend,orevenmyimmediatefamily,withmywholeheart;inthefaceofalltheseties,Ihaveneverlostasenseofdistanceandaneedforsolitude-feelingswhichincreasewiththeyears.Onebecomessharplyaware,butwithoutregret,ofthelimitsofmutualunderstandingandconsonancewithotherpeople.Nodoubt,suchapersonlosessomeofhisinnocenceandunconcern;ontheotherhand,heislargelyindependent,oftheopinions,habits,andjudgmentsofhisfellowsandavoidsthetemptationtobuildhisinnerequilibriumuponsuchinsecurefoundations.一方面,我有着强烈的社会正义感和社会责任感,另一方面,我的内心又明显没有与他人和社会直接接触的需求,二者形成了一个奇怪的对比。我确实是一个“孤独的旅者”,我的心从未完全地属于过我的祖国、我的家庭、我的朋友,甚至我最亲近的家人。在面对所有这些羁绊时,我从来没有失去过距离感,也没有摆脱掉孤独感——这种感觉随着年岁的增长还在增加。一个人开始强烈地意识到人与人之间的相互理解与和谐一致是有限度的,但却并不为此遗憾时,此人毫无疑问已经失去了部分天真无邪、无忧无虑的童心,但另一方面,他也在很大程度上获得了独立,不再受他人观点、习惯和判断的影响,同时也能避免内心那种要将平衡建立在这种不可靠的基础之上的强烈愿望。Themostbeautifulexperiencewecanhaveisthemysterious.Itisthefundamentalemotionwhichstandsatthecradleoftrueartandtruescience.Whoeverdoesnotknowitandcannolongerwonder,nolongermarvel,isasgoodasdead,andhiseyesaredimmed.Itwastheexperienceofmystery—evenifmixedwithfear—thatengenderedreligion.Aknowledgeoftheexistenceofsomethingwecannotpenetrate,ourperceptionsoftheprofoundestreasonandthemostradiantbeauty,whichonlyintheirmostprimitiveformsareaccessibletoourminds—itisthisknowledgeandthisemotionthatconstitutetruereligiosity;inthissense,andinthisalone,Iamadeeplyreligiousman.IcannotconceiveofaGodwhorewardsandpunisheshiscreatures,orhasawillofthekindthatweexperienceinourselves.NeithercanInorwouldIwanttoconceiveofanindividualthatsurviveshisphysicaldeath;letfeeblesouls,fromfearorabsurdegoism,cherishsuchthoughts.Iamsatisfiedwiththemysteryoftheeternityoflifeandwiththeawarenessandaglimpseofthemarvelousstructureoftheexistingworld,togetherwiththedevotedstrivingtocomprehendaportion,beiteversotiny,oftheReasonthatmanifestsitselfinnature.人类所能享有的最美妙的体验就是神秘感,这是真正的科学与艺术的根源中最基础的情感。无论是谁,如果没有感受过它的魅力,如果不再感到好奇,不再发出惊叹
本文标题:the world as i see it(中英文对比)爱因斯坦
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