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“It”的用法和“Therebe”结构It用法小结虽不是高考的热点,但这两年全国各省市试题经常出现。我们不能疏忽。下面是用法20条。并通过高考试题进行巩固:1.Itis+被强调部分+that该句型是强调句型,将被强调的放在前面,其他部分置于之后,强调的主语如果是人,可以用来替换,如果把这种句型结构划掉后,应该是一个完整无缺的句子,这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.Itwaswithgreatjoy___hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.(2004福建)A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that(D)2.Itisnotuntil+被强调的部分+that该句型译成汉语“直到……才”,可以说是的强调形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.Itwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.(2004湖北)A.notuntilmidnightdidhegoB.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgoC.notuntilmidnightthathewentD.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo(C)3.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that….该句型中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,常译为“清楚(显然、真的、肯定)”是主语从句最常见的结构。Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.4.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural…)that…该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同,that后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)should可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.5.Itissaid(reported,learned…)that…该句型中的it仍是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说(据报道,据悉……)ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.6.Itissuggested(ordered…)that…该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时,that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should+动词原形)。可以省略,常译为“据建议;有命令……”Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.7.Itisapity(ashame…)that…在该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should+动词原形),should可以省去,表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾。Itisapitythatheisill.他生病了,真遗憾!8.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that…该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气,值得注意的是:常用过去时态表示虚拟,有时也用should+动词原形,should不能省。常译为“是(正是)……的时候……”Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.9.Itisthefirst(second,…)timethat…该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气,而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态,由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时,从句用现在完成时态;如果是一般过去时,从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去;it有时用this替换,常译为“是第一(二,…)次…”。10.Itis…since…该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时,要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语,其时态是现在时和完成时,引导的从句通常是一般过去时态,而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时,从句则用过去完成时。Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.(2005北京)A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when(B)11.Itis…when…该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句,主句中的it指时间,表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候,是……”Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.12.Itbe…before…该句型主句中的it指时间,主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态,主句中的表语多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“…之后才”,“没过……就……”Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.Itwillnotbelongbeforehefinisheshisjob.13.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that…该句型中的it是形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,主句中的happen,seem等词是不及物动词。Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.(碰巧……)Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.(看来……)TheForeignMinistersaid,“___ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004北京)A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis(D)14.Ittakessb…todosth.该句型中的不定式是真正的主语,是形式主语,句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.15.Itisnogood(use)doingsth.该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语,主句中的表语可以是nogood(notanygood),nouse(notanyuse).ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.16.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语,该句型译为“不论(是否)……没关系……Itdoesn’tmatterwhethertheyareold.17.Itiskind(ofsb)todosth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语,如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。常见的有:bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolishgood(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教养的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sb.iskindtodosth.Itiskindofyoutostayso=Youarekindtosayso.18.Itisnecessary(forsb)todosth该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引出的,主句的形容词通常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有:Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape,impossible,pleasant.等。Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.19.Itlooks(seems)asif…该句型中it无意义。Asif引导一个状语从句,常译为:“看起来好像……”如果与事实不相符合,则用虚拟语气。Itlooksasifheisill.(真的病了)Itlooksasifhewasill.(事实上没有生病)Itseemedasifhewasdying.20.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”7指主句中的常用的动词:think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,take.1指的是形式宾语it.2指的是宾补的两种形式:形容词和名词3指的是真正宾语的三种形式:不定式短语,动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.XiaoLifeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.-Doyoulike____here?-Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(2004全国卷二)A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it(D)分析:it作形式宾语高考预测:1.______thattherewillbeanothergoodharvestthisautumn.A.HeissaidB.ItissaidC.ItsaysD.Itwassaid2.______shewasfreeonMondaymorning,A.ThathappenedB.ItishappenedthatC.IthappenedtoD.Ithappenedthat3.___threeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.A.ThatisB.ItisC.ThisisD.Itwas4.________isgood___youtohavetakengoodcareofyourclassmates.A.This;toB.It;forC.That;itD.It;of5.Whatalongway____________!A.itisBisitC.isthatD.Thisis6.Does______matterifIamlateforthemeetingtomorrow?A.thisB.itC.thatD.which7.________makesmesicktothin
本文标题:it 的用法和there be
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