google的使用技巧-2013

的使用技巧南开大学医学院刘畅内容：•Google简介•使用技巧初级篇•使用技巧高级篇•上机实习Google简介•官方中文译名：谷歌•美国跨国科技企业•互联网搜索、云计算、广告技术等•斯坦福大学：拉里.佩奇谢尔盖.布卢姆“GoogleGuys”•1998年9月4日，Google以私营公司形式创立•1999年下半年，Google网站启用•2004年8月19日，纳斯达克上市•Toorganizetheworld’sinformationandmakeituniversallyaccessibleanduseful.•集成全球范围的信息，使人人皆可访问并从中收益。•Don’tbeevil.•不作恶。搜索引擎邮箱浏览器操作系统DoodleTitle:HansChristianAndersen's205thBirthday(Part1-5)DoodleDate:April02,2010Geography:Global使用技巧初级篇使用技巧高级篇••Basicsearchtechniques–Simplewordsearches(AND,OR‘|’)•peanutbutterbutterpeanut–‘+’searches•wherequickbrownfox+wherequickbrownfox–‘-’searches•quickbrownfoxquick–brownfox–Phrasesearches(‘.’)•“thequickbrownfox”–‘~’searches•~eggplant–‘*’searches•ChristopherColumbusdiscovered*–‘..’searches•SonyTV£300..£500–Mixedsearches•macintosh“microsoftoffice”–热门搜索––•Thebasicformatis:operator:search_term•Thereisnospacebetweentheopertor,thecolonandthesearchterm.site:findwebpagesonaspecificwebsite•ThisadvancedoperatorinstructsGoogletorestrictasearchtoaspecificwebsiteordomain.Whenusingthisoperator,anadditionsearchargumentisrequired.•Example:site:harvard.edutuition•Thisquerywillreturnresultsfromharvard.eduthatincludethetermtuitionanywhereonthepage.filetype:searchonlywithinfilesofaspecifictype.•ThisoperatorinstructsGoogletosearchonlywithinthetextofaparticulartypeoffile.Thisoperatorrequiresanadditionalsearchargument.•Example:filetype:txtendometriosis•Googlecansearchwithinthefollowingfiletypes:–AdobePortableDocumentFormat(pdf)/AdobePostScript(ps)/Lotus1-2-3(wk1,wk2,wk3,wk4,wk5,wki,wks,wku/LotusWordPro(lwp)/MacWrite(mw)/MicrosoftExcel(xls/MicrosoftPowerPoint(ppt)/MicrosoftWord(doc)/MicrosoftWorks(wks,wps,wdb)/MicrosoftWrite(wri/RichTextFormat(rtf)/Text(ans,txt)link:searchwithinlinks•ThisadvancedoperatorinstructsGoogletosearchwithinhyperlinksforasearchterm.Thisoperatorrequiresnoothersearcharguments.•Example:link:•ThisqueryquerywoulddisplaywebpagesthatlinktoApple.com’smainpage.Thisspecialoperatorissomewhatlimitedinthatthelinkmustappearexactlyasenteredinthesearchquery.Theabovequerywouldnotfindpagesthatlinkto:displayGoogle’scachedversionofapage•ThisoperatordisplaystheversionofawebpageasitappearedwhenGooglecrawledthesite.Thisoperatorrequiresnoothersearcharguments.•Example:cache:johnny.ihackstuff.comcache:•Notethatbothofthesequeriesreturnthesameresult.However,thatsometimesqueriesformedlikethesemayreturndifferentresults,withoneresultbeingthedreaded“cachepagenotfound”error.intitle:searchwithinthetitleofadocument•ThisoperatorinstructsGoogletosearchforatermwithinthetitleofadocument.Mostwebbrowsersdisplaythetitleofadocumentonthetoptitlebarofthebrowserwindow.Thisoperatorrequiresnoothersearcharguments.•Example:intitle:gandalfallintitle:gandalfsilmarillion•Thisqueryfindsboththewords‘gandalf’and‘silmarillion’inthetitleofapage.inurl:searchwithintheURLofapage•ThisoperatorinstructsGoogletosearchonlywithintheURL,orwebaddressofadocument.Thisoperatorrequiresnoothersearcharguments.•Example:inurl:amidalaallinurl:amidalagallery•Thisquerywoulddisplaypageswiththeword‘amidala’insidethewebaddress.Onereturnedresult,‘’•Thewordcanappearanywherewithinthewebaddress,includingthenameofthesiteorthenameofafile.AboutGoogle’sURLsyntax=en&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&q=sardine•First,noticethatthebaseURLforaGooglesearchis“”.ThequestionmarkdenotestheendoftheURLandthebeginningoftheargumentstothe“search”program.The“&”symbolseparatesarguments.TheURLpresentedtotheusermayvarydependingonmanyfactorsincludingwhetherornotthesearchwassubmittedviathetoolbar,thenativelanguageoftheuser,etc.•hl:Nativelanguageresults,inthiscase“en”orEnglish.ie:Inputencoding,theformatofincomingdata.Inthiscase“UTF-8”.oe:Outputencoding,theformatofoutgoingdata.Inthiscase“UTF-8”.q:Query.Thesearchquerysubmittedbytheuser.Inthiscase“sardine”.•MostoftheargumentsinthisURLcanbeomitted,makingtheURLmuchmoreconcise.Forexample,theaboveURLcanbeshortenedto=sardine•AdditionalsearchtermscanbeappendedtotheURLwiththeplussign.Forexample,tosearchfor“sardine”alongwith“peanut”and“butter,”considerusingthisURL:=sardine+peanut+butterSincesimplifiedGoogleURLsaresimpletoreadandportable,theyareoftenusedasawaytorepresentaGooglesearch.•Google(andmanyotherweb-basedprograms)mustrepresentspecialcharacterslikequotationmarksinaURLwithahexadecimalnumberprecededbyapercent(%)signinordertofollowthehttpURLstandard.Forexample,asearchfor“thequickbrownfox”(payingspecialattentiontothequotationmarks)isrepresentedas=%22the+quick+brown+fox%22Inthisexample,adoublequoteisdisplayedas“%22”andspacesarereplacedbyplus(+)signs.Googledoesnotexcludeoverlycommonwordsfromphrasesearches.Overlycommonwordsareautomaticallyincludedwhenenclosedindouble-quotes.上机实习：•申请一个google/gmai