英语写作常见错误

CommonWritingMistakes•USEOFINDEFINITE/DEFINITEARTICLES•Herearesomeofthemostimportantrulestorememberwhenusingdefiniteandindefinitearticles.1.Indefinitearticlesareused(a,an)thefirsttimesomethingispresentedinasentence.2.UseindefinitearticleswithanythingthatisnotspecificallyknowntoBOTHthewriterandthereader.3.Relatedtothefirsttwo:Useadefinitearticlewhenreferringtosomethingthathasalreadybeenmentioned.4.Conversely,Useadefinitearticle(the)whenreferringtoanobjectwhichisknowntoboththewriterandthereader.5.Usenodefiniteorindefinitearticle(nothing,inotherwords)whenspeakingingeneralusingapluralwithacountablenoun,orthesingularwithauncountablenoun.•Herearefiveexamplesofthesemistakes,inorder,foreachtypelistedabove.•Iliveintheapartment,closetothesupermarket.•I'dliketogotothegoodrestaurant.•Istayedinthehotelnearthepark.Thehotelwasverynice,andaparkhadsomewonderfulpaths.•Rememberapresentationwewenttolastweek?•Theapplesaregenerallyverytastyinseason.•Herearethesentencescorrected:•Iliveinanapartment,closetoasupermarket.(NotethatIknowtheapartmentandsupermarket,butyou,thelistener/reader,donot.)•I'dliketogotoagoodrestaurant.•Istayedinahotelnearapark.Thehotelwasverynice,andtheparkhadsomewonderfulpaths.•Rememberthepresentationwewenttolastweek?•Applesaregenerallyverytastyinseason.•CAPITALIZE•Remembertheserulestohelpyouavoidthistypeofcapitalizationmistake.1.Capitalize'I'2.Capitalizenations,nationalnounsandadjectives-French,Russian,English,Italy,Canadian,etc.3.Capitalizethefirstletterofthefirstwordinanewsentenceorquestion4.DoNOTcapitalizecommonnouns,nounsareonlycapitalizediftheyarethenameofsomething5.Capitalizepropernamesofpeople,institutions,festivals,etc.•Hereisanexamplethatappliestothelasttwopoints.•Igotouniversity.(commonnoun-university)•BUT•IgototheUniversityofTexas.(nounusedaspropername)•Herearefiveexamples,inorder,foreachtypeofmistakelistedabove.•JackcomesfromIreland,buticomefromtheUS.•Idon'tspeakchinese,butIspeakalittlefrench.•wheredoyoucomefrom?•HeboughtanewBicycleforhisbirthday.•Let'svisitmariathisafternoon.•Herearethesentencescorrected:•JackcomesfromIreland,butIcomefromtheUS.•Idon'tspeakChinese,butIspeakalittleFrench.•Wheredoyoucomefrom?•Heboughtanewbicycleforhisbirthday.•Let'svisitMariathisafternoon.一．不一致（Disagreements）不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致等．Whenonehavemoney,hecandowhathewantto.Onceonehasmoney,hecandowhathewants(todo).Animportantthingforthestudenttorememberisthatwhenwritingapaper,youshouldnotplagiarize.Animportantthingforthestudenttorememberisthatwhenwritingapaper,heshouldnotplagiarize.Thosewhowishtotakelinguisticsareexpectedtosignhisnameonthissheetofpaper.Thosewhowishtotakelinguisticsareexpectedtosigntheirnamesonthissheetofpaper.Studentsshouldlearntoanalyzeandsolveproblemsindependently.Don’trelyonyourteachers’help.Studentsshouldlearntoanalyzeandsolveproblemsindependently.Theyshouldnotrelyontheirteachers’help.Shereviewedthelessontaughtlastweekandalltheexercisesassignedbytheteacherweredone.Shereviewedthelessontaughtlastweekanddidalltheexercisesassignedbytheteacher.Hewasknockeddownbyabicycle,butitwasnotserious.Hewasknockeddownbyabicycle,butwasnotbadlyhurt.Thepeasantscutthewheat,anditisdried.Thepeasantscutthewheat,andtheydryit.Herparentsthoughtshewasjustventing(泄气)herfury,soherwordswerenotpaidattentionto.Herparentsthoughtshewasjustventingherfury,sotheydidnotpayattentiontoherwords.Wethoughtshewascharming,intelligent,andaverycapableyoungwoman.Wethoughtshewascharming,intelligent,andverycapable.Itisgenerallybelievedthatone’sactionismoreimportantthanwhatonesays.Itisgenerallybelievedthatone’sactionismoreimportantthanone’swords.Theyoungmanishonestandhardworking,andisaveryreliableworker.Theyoungmanisanhonest,hardworkingandreliableworker.Theyoungmanishonest,hardworkingandreliable.二．修饰语错位（MisplacedModifiers）英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置，句子的含义可能引起变化．对于这一点中国学生往往没有引起足够的重视，因而造成了不必要的误解．Theideahementionedatfirstsoundedgood.Theideahefirstmentionedsoundedgood.Theideahementionedsoundedgoodatfirst.Ireadaninterestingstoryinamagazineaboutsportsman.Ireadinamagazineaninterestingstoryaboutsportsman.InamagazineIreadaninterestingstoryaboutsportsman.Sheboughtseveralpicturebooksandputthemintoherbag,whichsheintendedtogivetoherchildren.Sheboughtseveralpicturebooksforherchildrenandputthemintoherbag.Sheputintoherbagthepicturebooksshehadboughtforherchildren.Hegaveareasonfornotattendingthemeeting,whichnobodybelieved.Hegaveareason,whichnobodybelieved,fornotattendingthemeeting.Hegaveareasonfornotattendingthemeeting,areasonwhichnobodybelieved.三．句子不完整（SentenceFragments）在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解．可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生．Therearemanywaystoknowthesociety.ForexamplebyTV,radio,newspaperandsoon.Therearemanywaystoknowsociety,forexample,byTV,radio,andnewspaper.BorninSichuanprovince,helaterbecameafamouswriter.BorninSichuanprovince,educatedinPekingUniversity,wordedinchinadaily,helaterbecameafamouswriter.Bettyisakind-heartedgirl;shewillbesuccessfulinanythingshetries.Asshehasastrongwillandconfidenceinherself,shemaybesuccessfulinanyt