熊彼特增长模型英文教程--香港浸会大学,工商管理学院

Cha.4SchumpeterianModelGroupMembersLIUYUN,12405973YEWEN-JUN,12413577JIANGLIAN,12401218XIABING,12427284HongKongBaptistUniversityECON72401/30/2020•SchumpeterianParadigm:Fastergrowthgenerallyimpliesahigherrateoffirmturnover,becausethisprocessofcreativedestructiongeneratesentryofnewinnovatorsandexitofformerinnovators!•JamesM.Utterback:Ifacompanyonlyfocusesoncurrentproductratherthanimprovingthequality,itwillbesweptoutofmarket!•PeterDruke:Companyonlyhastwofunctions:marketingandinnovation!PrefaceStructureofpresentation1/30/2020InnovationGrowthLiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModelSchumpeterianGrowthModelOne-SectorCaseMulti-SectorCaseScaleEffectEmpiricalApplicationofSchumpeterianGrowthModelDrivingForcesInnovationValueChainofInnovation:6M1IPatternInnovationPattern:Self-organizationPatternLiteratureReviewofInnovationTheoryLiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel•NewGrowthTheory•Sincethemid-1980s,theriseofnewgrowththeoryproposedbyRomer(1986)andLucas(1988)hasenrichandrefinetheeconomicgrowththeorytoextremelylargeextent.1/30/2020Sincethemid-1980s,theriseofnewgrowththeoryproposedbyRomer(1986)andLucas(1988)hasenrichandrefinetheeconomicgrowththeorytoextremelylargeextent.Sincethemid-1980s,theriseofnewgrowththeoryproposedbyRomer(1986)andLucas(1988)hasenrichandrefinetheeconomicgrowththeorytoextremelylargeextent.•Twooutstandingcharactersofnewgrowththeory:•Therateofeconomicgrowthisderivedfromoptimalbehaviorofeconomicparticipantsincludingconsumers,producersandgovernment.•Policiescouldinfluenceeconomicgrowthbyposinganeffectontheoptimalbehaviorofeconomicparticipants.AccordingtoRomer(1993)andZeng(1997),wecandividethenewgrowththeoryinto2parts:capital-basedgrowththeoryandidea-basedgrowththeory.1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel*Capital-basedgrowththeoryemphasizesontheideathattheaccumulationofcapital(materialcapitalandhumancapital)isthemostimportantpowertopushtheadvancementoftechnologyandeconomy.*Idea-basedgrowththeoryemphasizesontheeffectsofinnovationandtheaccumulationofknowledgeontheadvancementoftechnologyandeconomy.1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel•cornerstoneofSchumpeteriangrowththeory•Theearly1990s,astherepresentativeoftheeconomists,Romer(1990)combinedinnovation,researchandendogenouseconomicgrowthunderthedynamicgeneral-equilibriumframework.Then,Romerproposedendogenousresearchandthemechanismofactioninpromotingeconomicgrowthbyinnovation,whichbecomesthecornerstoneofSchumpeteriangrowththeory.1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel•Schumpeteriangrowththeory•Conception:•EndogenousresearchandInnovationaredeterminantfactorstoimprovethetechnologyandeconomy.•Enterprisesinvesttoresearchandinnovationtoachievemonophonicprofit.1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel•NewendogenousproductionandnewmethodsproposedbySchumpeteriantoimproveeconomicgrowth:•Themotivationofenterprisespursuingmonophonicprofitpushesthemtoinnovate,whichleadstotheproductionofnewgoodsandnewmethods.•Theprocessofinnovationistheprocessofcreativedestruction.Ifonecompanysucceedsininnovation,theothercompanieswillbeeliminatedinthemarket.1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel•Creativedestructionisthemotivationofthedevelopmentofcapitalism.Additionally,theSchumpeteriangrowththeorywhichwedefineheredoesnotordertheprocessofinnovationtobeaprocessofcreativedestruction.Undertheverticalinnovationframework,processofinnovationisaprocessofcreativedestruction,sooldgoodswillbereplacedbynewgoods.Whereas,underhorizontalinnovationframework,boththeoldandnewgoodswillexistinthemarket.1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel*Verticalinnovationaimstoimprovethequalityofgoodsbyresearch.Goodswithhighqualitywillpushtheinferiorgoodsoutofthemarket.Thenitwillpromotethetechnology.*Horizontalinnovationaimstoincreasethesortsofinputsbyinnovationtostimulatespecialization.Itwillimprovethetechnologyandeconomyfinally.*Verticalinnovationiscalledvarietyexpansionmodelaswell,andverticalinnovationiscalledqualityladdermodelaswell.1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel•TheclassificationofSchumpeteriangrowththeory•R&D-basedGrowthTheory•Knowledge-basedGrowthTheory•Innovation-basedGrowthTheory•Idea-basedGrowthTheory1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel•HoweconomygrowsinSchumpeteriangrowththeory?1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModelMonophonicprofitInvestmentinR&DIncreaseinthestockofknowledgeInnovationoftechnologyNewproduction(newmethods)Economicgrowth•CharactersofSchumpeteriangrowththeory:•Innovationandaccumulationofknowledgepromotedbyendogenousresearchisthedeterminantfactortoadvancetechnologyandeconomicgrowth.•Wesupposethatthedepartmentproducingintermediategoodshavesomepowerofmonopoly.Soenterprisescouldgainthemonophonicprofit.•Knowledgeisnoncompetitive.Eventhoughthetotalresources(capitalandlabor)intheeconomyarelimited,economycouldstillgrowbymeansoftheaccumulationofknowledge.1/30/2020LiteratureReviewofSchumpeterianModel•Wesupposethattherearedepartmentsoffinalgoods,intermediategoodsandresearchineconomyandeachdepartmenthasdifferentcharacters.•Thistheoryfocusesmoreonmi